Test Your Knowledge of Atoms

Study Notes

Atoms are the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist.
Elements are substances composed of a single type of atom.
Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Isotopes are atoms with the same proton number but different neutron numbers.
The periodic table summarizes all chemical elements and provides information about their atomic structure.
Electrons are held in shells around the nucleus, and each shell has a maximum number of electrons it can hold.
Atoms react with each other to achieve a full outer shell of electrons.
Chemical bonding includes ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds.
Macromolecules are giant structures made of millions of atoms joined by covalent bonding.
Diamond, graphite, and silicon dioxide are examples of macromolecules.
Diamond is a crystalline form of carbon with a 3D structure.
Graphite is another form of carbon with a layered structure.
Graphite has a "sea of electrons" that holds its layers together.
Silicon (IV) oxide has a structure similar to diamond and quartz exists as colorless crystals.
Quartz has properties similar to diamond, including high hardness and a high melting point.
Metallic bonding involves cations surrounded by a sea of electrons.
The sea of electrons in metallic bonding holds the lattice structure of cations together.
Metallic bonding is defined as the electrostatic forces between cations and their surrounding electrons.
Diamond and quartz are hard and do not conduct electricity.
Metallic bonding is responsible for the properties of metals.