30 Questions
Which of the following is NOT true about proteins?
Proteins are generic versions of brand-name biologics.
What is the main function of proteins in cells?
To carry out vital physiological functions.
What organelles in cells are responsible for making proteins?
Ribosomes
What is the correct order of steps in protein synthesis?
Transcription, translation, post-translational modifications
Why is understanding protein folding important?
To determine protein function
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?
Proteins storing information in the DNA
What is the first step in protein synthesis?
Transcription of DNA into RNA
What determines the final structure of a protein molecule?
The order of amino acids in the chain
What happens when proteins do not fold properly in the human body?
They may cause disease
What is post-translational modification of proteins?
The chemical modification of proteins after they are produced
Which of the following is a common type of post-translational modification?
Glycosylation
Which of the following is NOT a function of post-translational modifications?
Determining a protein's primary structure
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
Regulating gene expression
Which of the following is a function of therapeutic proteins?
Replacing missing proteins
Which regulatory bodies recognize the wide range of biologics?
All of the above
Which type of drug is Herceptin?
Biologic
What is the main difference between small molecule drugs and biologics?
Small molecule drugs are chemically synthesized in the lab, while biologics are made in living cells
Why are biologics more difficult and expensive to manufacture compared to small molecule drugs?
Biologics have a more complex structure
What is the size difference between a monoclonal antibody and aspirin?
Monoclonal antibodies are about 750 times larger than aspirin
What are biosimilars?
Follow-on biologics
Which agency uses the following criteria to determine if a therapeutic protein is a biosimilar medicine?
EMA
What is a biosimilar?
A biologic drug produced using a different cell line and process than the brand-name product
What is the main difference between small molecule drug generics and biosimilars?
Small molecule drug generics are easy to prove identical to the brand-name drug, while biosimilars are difficult to prove identical to the brand-name biologic
What is the EMA's requirement regarding the name, appearance, and packaging of a biosimilar medicine?
They must differ from reference biological medicinal products to distinguish between the two
What do the FDA and EMA both conclude about biosimilars that are highly similar to the reference product?
They are likely to have the same clinical result
Which one of the following correctly defines biomanufacturing?
The process of making biologic drugs
What is the main difference between the manufacturing process of small molecule drugs and biologics?
Small molecule drugs are made using chemicals, while biologics are made using living organisms or their components
Which of the following correctly lists the steps used in biomanufacturing in their correct order?
Purification, synthesis, formulation
What is the difference between the master cell bank and the working cell bank?
The master cell bank contains cells used for production, while the working cell bank contains cells used for testing
How can different master cell lines, with the same gene, produce different proteins?
The proteins are modified after production
Take our quiz to test your knowledge about HER2-positive breast cancer and its implications. Learn about the overexpression of the HER2 gene, the role of HER2 receptors, and the impact of growth factors on the development of this type of breast cancer.
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