136 Questions
True or false: Anthophytes are only seed plants and do not include flowering plants.
False
Which part of the fern is responsible for both photosynthesis and reproduction?
Sorus
What is the main difference between flowering plants and seed plants?
Flowering plants have enclosed seeds within fruit, while seed plants have naked seeds.
Which group of seed plants includes ginkgo?
Ginkgophyta
Which plant hormone promotes lateral growth?
Cytokinins
True or false: Auxins promote lateral growth in plants.
False
True or false: Plant cells are not capable of producing hormones.
False
Which group of seed plants includes both conifers and cycads?
Coniferophyta
What is the dominant generation in ferns?
Sporophyte
Which plant hormone promotes lateral growth?
Cytokinins
Which plant hormone promotes lateral growth and reduces senescence?
Cytokinins
Which plant hormone promotes cell wall expansion?
Gibberellins
True or false: Gymnosperms and angiosperms are both seed plants, but only angiosperms are flowering plants with well-developed vascular tissues.
True
What is the main location where photosynthesis and reproduction occur in ferns?
Sorus
What is the function of gibberellins in plant growth and development?
They promote cell wall expansion
Which generation is dominant in seed plants?
Sporophyte
What is the role of ethylene in plants?
Promotes ripening
What is the dominant generation in ferns?
Sporophyte
Which of the following is NOT a subgroup of Protista?
Algae
What is the purpose of the annulus in ferns?
To release spores
What is the dominant generation in the life cycle of anthophytes?
Sporophyte
True or false: Protista is a prokaryotic cell type.
False
Which type of eukaryotic cell includes euglenoids, dinoflagellates, and water molds?
Protista
What is the main ecological role of fungi?
They are decomposers that break down organic matter
Which type of plants have well-developed vascular tissues?
Angiosperms
Which of the following is NOT a subgroup of Protista?
Algae
What is the dominant generation in ferns?
Sporophyte
True or false: Auxins promote lateral growth in plants.
False
True or false: Conifers belong to the phylum Coniferophyta.
True
True or false: Gymnosperms produce seeds that are enclosed within a fruit.
False
Which structure responds to humidity and releases spores?
Annulus
What is the function of ethylene in plants?
Promotes ripening and root formation
What is the role of water in fertilization in seed plants?
It is not necessary for fertilization to occur
True or false: Fungi are autotrophs that produce their own food.
False
Which generation is dominant in seed plants?
Sporophyte
True or false: Cycads belong to the phylum Ginkgophyta.
False
True or false: Fungal bodies are composed of hyphae and mycelium, with cell walls made of cellulose.
False
What is the main difference between lower fungi and higher fungi?
Lower fungi have multinucleate mycelia and produce internal asexual spores, while higher fungi have septate mycelia and produce external asexual spores.
True or false: The gametophyte generation in anthophytes is dominant.
False
Which of the following is not a subgroup of Protista?
Bryophytes
What is the function of the micropyle in the flower of an anthophyte plant?
To allow the pollen tube to enter and fertilize the egg
Which fungal body part is made of chitin or cellulose?
Hyphae
What is the purpose of the annulus in ferns?
To release spores
What is a sorus in ferns?
A cluster of sporangia
What is the primary function of fungi?
Absorption
What is the name of the structure that contains the spores in ferns?
Sorus
What is the purpose of pollen grains in seed plants?
To fertilize the egg
What is the primary feeding method of fungi?
Absorption
True or false: Anthophytes are homosporous, producing only one type of spore.
False
Which group of seed plants includes ginkgo?
Ginkgophyta
True or false: Higher fungi have multinucleate mycelia and produce external asexual spores.
False
True or false: Gnetophytes belong to the phylum Gnetophyta.
True
What is the most correct description of fungi?
Heterotrophs that feed by absorption
What is the cell wall of fungal bodies made of?
Chitin
What is the purpose of the endosperm in a dicot plant?
To provide stored nutrients for the embryo
True or false: Higher fungi have multinucleate mycelia.
False
What is the function of auxins in plants?
Promote stem elongation
What is the function of auxins in plant growth and development?
They cause stem elongation
What are the cell walls of fungal bodies made of?
Both A and B
What is the main characteristic of bryophytes?
They have alternation of generations
True or false: Bryophytes have vascular tissues.
False
True or false: Bryophytes have vascular tissues and do not undergo alternation of generations.
False
Which of the following is NOT a type of bryophyte?
Ferns
Which type of fungi have multinucleate mycelia and produce asexual spores?
Lower fungi
Which type of fungi includes chytrids, oomycota, and zygomycota?
Lower fungi
What is the purpose of the indusium in ferns?
To protect the sorus
What is the name of the female reproductive structure in an anthophyte plant?
Stigma
True or false: Megaspores produced by the megasporangium develop into sperm.
False
True or false: The sporophyte generation is the dominant generation in seed plants.
True
Which of the following is NOT a group of seed plants?
Ferns
What is the size of the gametophyte in seed plants?
Small and dependent
What is the name of the male reproductive structure in an anthophyte plant?
Anther
What is the term for the alternation of generations in seed plants?
Both
True or false: Liverworts have male and female structures for reproduction.
True
What is tropism?
Movement towards a stimulus
True or false: The gametophyte generation is independent of the sporophyte generation in seed plants.
False
What is the function of the megasporangia in seed plants?
To produce megaspores
What is the main function of abscisic acid in plant growth and development?
It produces slow growth and promotes drought tolerance
What is the function of gibberellins in plants?
Promotes germination and fruit production
What is the function of gibberellins in plants?
Promote cell wall expansion
True or false: Liverworts only have one form, which is the thallose form.
False
True or false: Monocots have two cotyledons and no endosperm.
False
What is the name of the structure that develops from the spore in ferns?
Protonema
What is the main difference between lower and higher fungi?
Type of mycelia
What is the name of the structure that contains the egg in ferns?
Archegonium
What is the main characteristic of protista?
They are the first eukaryotic cell type
Which plant hormone causes stem elongation and promotes growth?
Auxins
What is the primary function of abscisic acid in plants?
Producing slow growth and drought tolerance
Which of the following is not a type of bryophyte?
Ferns
What is the process by which two sperm nuclei fertilize the egg and polar nuclei in an anthophyte plant called?
Double fertilization
What is the function of microsporangia in seed plants?
To form microspores
True or false: The micropyle is where the sperm enters to fertilize the eggs.
False
True or false: Tropism is movement away from a stimulus.
False
True or false: Alternation of generations in seed plants involves both a diploid sporophyte generation and a haploid gametophyte generation.
True
What is the function of abscisic acid in plants?
Promote drought tolerance
True or false: Tropism is the movement away from a stimulus.
True
Which of the following is NOT a group of gymnosperms?
Orchids
What is the relationship between the gametophyte and sporophyte in seed plants?
The sporophyte is dominant
True or false: Protista is not the first eukaryotic cell type.
False
True or false: Plant cells are not capable of producing hormones.
False
True or false: The second sperm fertilizes the egg to form the zygote.
True
What is the function of abscisic acid in plants?
Slows growth and promotes drought tolerance
What is the main function of fungi in ecosystems?
Decomposition
How are pollen grains transported in seed plants?
By wind
What is the main component of fungal cell walls?
Chitin
Which of the following is NOT a type of bryophyte?
Ferns
True or false: Microspores in seed plants develop into female gametophytes.
False
What is the function of rhizoids in liverworts?
Anchoring in soil
What is the name of the structure that contains the sperm in ferns?
Antheridium
What is the name of the structure that produces microspores in an anthophyte plant?
Microsporangium
True or false: The pollen tube of a male gametophyte in seed plants grows into an archegonium and discharges two sperm nuclei, one of which fertilizes the egg.
False
What is the main difference between lower and higher fungi?
The type of mycelia they have
True or false: Gibberellins promote stem elongation in plants.
True
What is the purpose of the fiddleheads in ferns?
To reproduce
What is the name of the structure that produces megaspores in an anthophyte plant?
Megasporangium
What comprises the cell wall of fungal bodies?
Chitin
Which of the following is NOT a group of angiosperms?
Conifers
What is the result of fertilization in seed plants?
A new sporophyte generation
True or false: Endosperm development is a result of double fertilization in anthophytes.
True
What is the main function of cytokinins in plant growth and development?
They promote cell division and lateral growth
Which tropism is a response to gravity?
Gravitropism
What is the primary function of ethylene in plants?
Promoting ripening and root formation
True or false: Abscisic acid promotes rapid growth in plants.
False
True or false: The fruit of an anthophyte is an enlarged, ripened ovule.
False
What is the purpose of rhizoids in liverworts?
Anchoring in soil
What is the role of the megasporangium in seed plants?
To form female gametophytes
What is the name of the process by which ferns reproduce?
Sporulation
What is the function of cytokinins in plants?
Promote lateral growth
What is the name of the process by which pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of a flower in an anthophyte plant?
Pollination
True or false: Abscisic acid promotes root formation in plants.
False
True or false: Fungal bodies consist of hyphae and mycelium, with cell walls made of protein.
False
True or false: The wall of the megasporangium in seed plants forms the seed coat of a new seed.
True
What is the main characteristic of liverworts?
They have leafy and thallose forms
What is the purpose of the seed coat in seed plants?
To protect the embryo sporophyte
Which type of plant is the first land plant and has no vascular tissues?
Bryophytes
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of liverworts?
Vascular tissues
Study Notes
- Tropism is movement towards or away from a stimulus, such as light or gravity.
- Plant hormones control growth and development in various ways, with each plant cell capable of producing hormones.
- Auxins cause stem elongation, while gibberellins promote cell wall expansion and cytokinins promote lateral growth.
- Abscisic acid produces slow growth and promotes drought tolerance, while ethylene promotes ripening and root formation.
- Protista is the first eukaryotic cell type, with various subgroups such as euglenoids, dinoflagellates, and water molds.
- Fungi are heterotrophs that feed by absorption and play important ecological roles as decomposers and mycorrhizal associates of plants.
- Fungal bodies consist of hyphae and mycelium, with cell walls made of chitin or cellulose.
- Lower fungi have multinucleate mycelia and produce asexual spores, while higher fungi have septate mycelia and produce external asexual spores.
- Bryophytes are the first land plants and include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, with no vascular tissues and alternation of generations.
- Liverworts have leafy and thallose forms, with male and female structures for reproduction and rhizoids for anchoring in soil.
Test your knowledge on plant biology and ecology with this quiz! From the movement of tropism to the role of plant hormones, this quiz covers a range of topics including protista, fungi, and bryophytes. Challenge yourself with questions on the different subgroups of protista, the anatomy of fungi bodies, and the reproduction of liverworts. Whether you're a biology student or just interested in plant life, this quiz is a fun way to learn more about these fascinating organisms.
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