Miosis
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Questions and Answers

Which cells in the human body have 23 pairs of chromosomes?

  • Ovaries
  • Testes
  • Somatic cells (correct)
  • Gametes

Which term describes an ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell?

  • Karyotype (correct)
  • Sister chromatids
  • Homologous chromosomes
  • Centromere

Which term refers to the two chromosomes in each pair that are the same length and carry genes controlling the same inherited characters?

  • Homologous chromosomes (correct)
  • Centromere
  • Sister chromatids
  • Autosomes

What are the sex chromosomes called in humans?

<p>X and Y (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes do human females have in their somatic cells?

<p>46 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans?

<p>23 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the cell produced by the union of gametes?

<p>Zygote (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes heredity?

<p>The transmission of traits from one generation to the next (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are gametes?

<p>Reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes asexual reproduction?

<p>One parent produces genetically identical offspring by mitosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a clone?

<p>A group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chromosomes?

<p>To package DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

<p>Anaphase I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?

<p>Meiosis I involves the separation of homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II involves the separation of sister chromatids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crossing over in meiosis?

<p>To increase genetic diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of meiosis is responsible for the reduction of chromosome number?

<p>Anaphase I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during telophase I of meiosis?

<p>Cytokinesis occurs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of meiosis is similar to mitosis?

<p>Telophase II (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of meiosis?

<p>To produce gametes for sexual reproduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes arrive at opposite poles?

<p>Telophase II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes begin decondensing?

<p>Telophase II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many divisions occur in meiosis?

<p>Two (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does synapsis of homologous chromosomes occur?

<p>Prophase I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

<p>Four (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic composition of the daughter cells produced in meiosis?

<p>Haploid and genetically different from the parent cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of meiosis in the animal body?

<p>Produces gametes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does DNA replication occur in meiosis?

<p>During interphase before meiosis I begins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitosis in the animal body?

<p>Enables multicellular adult to arise from zygote (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

<p>Mitosis produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while meiosis produces four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of meiosis?

<p>The purpose of meiosis is to reduce the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid, ensuring that each gamete receives one copy of each chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans?

<p>The haploid number of chromosomes in humans is 23.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chromosomes in human cells?

<p>Chromosomes carry genes that control inherited characters and are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in human cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of crossing over in meiosis.

<p>Crossing over in meiosis is the exchange of DNA segments between nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. It occurs during Prophase I and results in genetic recombination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of meiosis in the animal body?

<p>Meiosis produces gametes, which are required for sexual reproduction. It reduces the number of chromosomes by half and introduces genetic variability among the gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does synapsis of homologous chromosomes occur?

<p>Synapsis of homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I of meiosis, along with crossing over between nonsister chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many divisions occur in meiosis?

<p>Two divisions occur in meiosis, each including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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