36 Questions
Which cells in the human body have 23 pairs of chromosomes?
Somatic cells
Which term describes an ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell?
Karyotype
Which term refers to the two chromosomes in each pair that are the same length and carry genes controlling the same inherited characters?
Homologous chromosomes
What are the sex chromosomes called in humans?
X and Y
How many chromosomes do human females have in their somatic cells?
46
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans?
23
What is the name for the cell produced by the union of gametes?
Zygote
Which of the following best describes heredity?
The transmission of traits from one generation to the next
What are gametes?
Reproductive cells (sperm and eggs)
Which of the following best describes asexual reproduction?
One parent produces genetically identical offspring by mitosis
What is a clone?
A group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent
What is the function of chromosomes?
To package DNA
During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
Anaphase I
What is the main difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?
Meiosis I involves the separation of homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II involves the separation of sister chromatids.
What is the purpose of crossing over in meiosis?
To increase genetic diversity
Which phase of meiosis is responsible for the reduction of chromosome number?
Anaphase I
What happens during telophase I of meiosis?
Cytokinesis occurs
Which phase of meiosis is similar to mitosis?
Telophase II
What is the main purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes for sexual reproduction
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes arrive at opposite poles?
Telophase II
During which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes begin decondensing?
Telophase II
How many divisions occur in meiosis?
Two
When does synapsis of homologous chromosomes occur?
Prophase I
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
Four
What is the genetic composition of the daughter cells produced in meiosis?
Haploid and genetically different from the parent cell
What is the role of meiosis in the animal body?
Produces gametes
When does DNA replication occur in meiosis?
During interphase before meiosis I begins
What is the role of mitosis in the animal body?
Enables multicellular adult to arise from zygote
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while meiosis produces four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
What is the purpose of meiosis?
The purpose of meiosis is to reduce the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid, ensuring that each gamete receives one copy of each chromosome.
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans?
The haploid number of chromosomes in humans is 23.
What is the function of chromosomes in human cells?
Chromosomes carry genes that control inherited characters and are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in human cells.
Describe the process of crossing over in meiosis.
Crossing over in meiosis is the exchange of DNA segments between nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. It occurs during Prophase I and results in genetic recombination.
What is the role of meiosis in the animal body?
Meiosis produces gametes, which are required for sexual reproduction. It reduces the number of chromosomes by half and introduces genetic variability among the gametes.
When does synapsis of homologous chromosomes occur?
Synapsis of homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I of meiosis, along with crossing over between nonsister chromatids.
How many divisions occur in meiosis?
Two divisions occur in meiosis, each including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
This quiz tests your knowledge of the stages of meiosis and the processes that occur during each stage. Topics covered include interphase, chromosome replication, homologous chromosomes, sister chromatids, and the separation of chromosomes in both Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
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