Terminology in Information Technology

Information Technology (IT) Terminology and Abbreviations

• Information Technology (IT): Information technology
• Personal Digital Assistant (PDA): Personal digital assistant
• Central Processing Unit (CPU): The central processing unit
• Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU): The arithmetic and logic unit
• Random Access Memory (RAM): Random access memory
• Read Only Memory (ROM): Read-only memory
• Compact Disk (CD): Compact disk
• Operating System (OS): Operating system
• Disk Operating System (DOS): Disk operating system

Computer Networks and the Internet Terminology and Abbreviations

• Personal Area Network (PAN): Personal area network
• Local Area Network (LAN): Local area network
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Metropolitan area network
• Wide Area Network (WAN): Wide area network
• World Wide Web (WWW): World Wide Web
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP): File transfer protocol
• Internet Service Provider (ISP): Internet service provider
• Business-to-Consumer (B2C): Business-to-consumer e-commerce
• Business-to-Business (B2B): Business-to-business e-commerce
• Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C): Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce
• Consumer-to-Business (C2B): Consumer-to-business e-commerce
• Government-to-Consumer (G2C): Government-to-consumer e-commerce
• Consumer-to-Government (C2G): Consumer-to-government e-commerce
• Business-to-Government (B2G): Business-to-government e-commerce
• Government-to-Business (G2B): Government-to-business e-commerce
• Government-to-Government (G2G): Government-to-government e-commerce

Keyboard Shortcuts and Functions

• Alt + F4: Terminates a program
• Alt + Tab: Navigates between open applications
• Tab +: Expands window/application size
• D + E: Opens desktop screen
• D + 1 P: Opens computer drives
• P + Opens windows settings
• M + Minimizes all windows and displays the desktop
• S + Launches search feature
• L + Activates login screen/locks the screen
• Arrow Keys (↓↑→←): Dragging the active window in the corresponding direction
• Ctrl + D +: Creates a new virtual desktop
• Ctrl + F4 +: Closes a virtual desktop
• Shift + Delete: Permanently deletes a file/folder
• Delete: Deletes a file/folder to the recycle bin.
• Ctrl + Esc: Accesses the start menu
• F2: Renames a file or folder
• Copy (Ctrl + C): Copies selected items
• Paste (Ctrl + V): Pastes copied items
• Cut (Ctrl + X): Cuts selected items
• Drag and Drop (Drag and Drop): Dragging and dropping items.
• Ctrl + A: Selects all items
• Shift: Selects consecutive items
• Ctrl: Selects non-consecutive items

Word Processor (e.g., Word) Shortcuts

• Ctrl + N: Creates a new document
• Ctrl + O: Opens an existing document
• Ctrl + S: Saves a document
• Ctrl + P: Prints a document
• Alt + F4: Closes a Word Processor application
• Ctrl + W: Closes the current document
• F1: Accesses help functions
• Enter: Moves to the next line
• Tab: Creates spacing before text
• Ctrl + A: Selects the entire document
• Delete: Deletes characters after the cursor
• Backspace: Deletes characters before the cursor
• Ctrl + Z: Undoes the last action
• Ctrl + Y: Redoes the last undone action
• Ctrl + C: Copies selected text
• Ctrl + V: Pastes copied text
• Ctrl + X: Cuts selected text
• Ctrl + B: Bold selected text
• Ctrl + I: Italicizes selected text
• Ctrl + U: Underlines selected text
• Ctrl + L: Aligns text to the left
• Ctrl + R: Aligns text to the right
• Ctrl + E: Centers text
• Ctrl + F: Searches for text in the document
• Ctrl + H: Replaces text in the document

Spreadsheet (e.g., Excel) Shortcuts

• Ctrl + N: Creates a new workbook
• Ctrl + O: Opens an existing workbook
• Ctrl + S: Saves a workbook
• Ctrl + F4 Closes the current worksheet
• Alt + F4: Closes Excel application
• Enter: Moves to the next cell
• Shift + Enter: Moves to the previous cell
• Tab: Moves to the next cell/column
• Shift + Tab: Moves to the previous cell/column
• Home: Moves to the first cell in the row
• Page Down: Moves to the next page/sheet
• Page Up: Moves to the previous page/sheet
• Alt + Page Down: Moves to the next page horizontally
• Alt + Page Up: Moves to the previous page horizontally
• Ctrl + Home: Move to the first cell in the spreadsheet
• Ctrl (with arrow keys): Moves to beginning/end of row/column
• Ctrl + End: Moves to the last cell containing data
• Shift: Selects multiple cells/rows/columns
• Ctrl + C: Copies selected cells
• Ctrl + V: Pastes copied cells

Presentation (e.g., PowerPoint) Shortcuts

• Alt + F4: Closes the application
• Ctrl + S: Saves the presentation
• Ctrl + P: Prints the presentation
• Ctrl + C: Copies selected items
• Ctrl + V: Pastes copied items
• Ctrl + X: Cuts (moves) selected items
• Ctrl + M: Inserts a new slide
• Ctrl + B: Bold selected text
• Ctrl + I: Italicizes selected text
• Ctrl + U: Underlines selected text
• Ctrl + L: Aligns text to the left
• Ctrl + R: Aligns text to the right
• Ctrl + E: Centers text
• Ctrl + F: Searches for text
• Ctrl + H: Replaces text
• F5: Starts slideshow from the beginning
• Shift + F5: Starts slideshow from the current slide
• Ctrl + Shift + C: Selects consecutive slide(s)
• Ctrl + Shift + A: Selects non-consecutive slide(s)
• Delete/Backspace: Deletes selected slide
• Insert: Inserts a new slide

Other General Shortcuts (e.g., for searching and replacing)

• Ctrl + F: Finds text in documents, spreadsheets, and presentations
• Ctrl + H: Replaces text in documents, spreadsheets, and presentations
• Ctrl + E: centers text
• Ctrl + J: Justifies text to the left(indents to the right)

اختبر معرفتك بالمصطلحات والاختصارات في مجال التكنولوجيا المعلومات والشبكات. يغطي هذا الاختبار مجموعة من المفاهيم الأساسية مثل وحدة المعالجة المركزية وذاكرة الوصول العشوائي. اكتشف مدى إلمامك بهذا المجال المثير!