Termination Phase of Translation

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of release factors during the termination phase of translation?

  • They transport tRNAs to the ribosome.
  • They recognize stop codons and trigger hydrolysis, releasing the polypeptide chain. (correct)
  • They add amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.
  • They initiate the binding of mRNA to the ribosome.

Which of the following events does NOT occur during the termination phase?

  • Separation of the ribosome into subunits.
  • Hydrolysis of the bond linking the polypeptide chain to tRNA.
  • Binding of release factors to the A site of the ribosome.
  • tRNA molecules carrying amino acids recognize stop codons. (correct)

Which of the following release factors binds to the stop codon UAG?

  • RF3
  • RF2
  • RF1 (correct)
  • All release factors

What is the role of RF3 in the termination phase?

<p>Facilitates the function of RF1 and RF2. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides the energy required for the separation of the translation complex during termination?

<p>GTP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Termination Phase

The phase where protein synthesis stops when a stop codon is reached.

Stop Codons

Codons (UAA, UGA, UAG) that signal the end of protein synthesis.

Release Factors (RFs)

Proteins that bind to stop codons to terminate translation.

RF1 and RF2

Specific release factors that recognize and bind to respective stop codons.

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GTP in Termination

Energy source needed for the termination process in translation.

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Study Notes

Termination Phase

  • Termination begins when a stop codon (UAA, UGA, or UAG) is reached.
  • Stop codons are not recognised by tRNA molecules.
  • Release Factors (RFs) bind to the A site of the ribosome.
  • RF1 binds to UAA and UAG.
  • RF2 binds to UAA and UGA.
  • RF3 facilitates the function of RF1 and RF2.
  • Ribosome disassembly occurs, releasing the polypeptide chain, tRNA, mRNA, and RFs.
  • GTP provides energy for this process.

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