Termes de vocabulaire en histoire

Vocabulary Terms

• Absolute Monarchy: A system of government where a single ruler holds absolute power.
• Alliances: Agreements or pacts between nations to support each other.
• Bias: A particular preference or point of view that might influence judgements.
• Cholera: An infectious disease.
• Colony: A territory under the control of another nation.
• Constitutional Monarchy: A form of government where the monarch's powers are limited by a constitution.
• Credible Source/Reliability: A source of information that can be trusted and verified.
• Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen: A document establishing fundamental rights.
• Democracy: A form of government where power is held by the people.
• Divine Right of Kings: A belief that a ruler's authority comes directly from God.
• Estate (French Revolution): Social classes in pre-revolutionary France.
• Geocentric Theory (Model): A model of the universe where Earth is at the center.
• Heliocentric Theory (Model): A model of the universe where the sun is at the center.
• Imperialism: The policy of extending a nation's power through diplomacy or military force.
• Labor unions: Organizations representing workers' rights.
• Militarism: A belief in the use of military power.
• Nationalism: A strong sense of national identity and loyalty.
• Natural Rights: Inherent rights, not dependent on laws.
• Primary Source: Original documents or artifacts providing firsthand accounts.
• Protectorate: A state protected by another state.
• Social Contract: An agreement between the governed and their rulers.
• Social Darwinism: Social theory applying "survival of the fittest" to society.
• Sphere of Influence: An area where a powerful nation exerts control.
• Thesis: A statement or idea to be proven or argued.

Important People

• Cesare Beccaria: Italian jurist and philosopher.
• Simón Bolívar: South American revolutionary leader.
• Napoleon Bonaparte: French military leader and emperor.
• Nicolaus Copernicus: Polish astronomer.
• Galileo Galilei: Italian astronomer and physicist.
• Thomas Hobbes: English philosopher.
• John Locke: English philosopher.
• Emperor Menelik II: Emperor of Ethiopia.
• Baron de Montesquieu: French philosopher.
• Sir Issac Newton: English physicist and mathematician.
• Mangal Pandey: Indian soldier, important figure in the Sepoy Mutiny.
• Rani Lakshmi Bai: Indian queen.
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Genevan philosopher.
• Adam Smith: Scottish economist.
• Queen Mother Yaa Asantewaa: Queen mother of the Ashanti people.
• Gavrilo Princip: Serbian nationalist.
• Archduke Franz Ferdinand: Austrian Archduke.

Important Events & Concepts

• Analyzing Political Cartoons: Understanding visual representations of political events or ideas.
• Challenges to traditional ways of thinking: Shifting perspectives on the world.
• Protestant Reformation: Religious movement.
• Enlightenment/Age of Reason: A movement emphasizing reason and scientific thought.
• Effects of the Enlightenment on the American Revolution: How Enlightenment ideas influenced the American Revolution.
• French Revolution: A period of radical social and political change in France.
• Latin American Revolutions: Wars of independence in Latin America.
• Citizens: People belonging to a particular state or nationality.
• Causes and effects of Industrial Revolution: Factors and results of industrialization.
• Effects on all social classes and men/women/children: Impact on various groups during the industrial period.
• Causes and effects of Imperialism: Contributing factors and consequences of empire building.
• Boxer Rebellion: Chinese uprising against foreign influence.
• Napoleonic Code: Laws established by Napoleon Bonaparte.
• White Man's Burden: Belief justifying Western imperialism.
• Meiji Restoration: Period of modernization in Japan.
• Successes and failures in resisting imperialism: Examples and reflections on anti-imperialist movements.
• MAIN Causes of World War I: Key factors initiating World War I.
• Powder Keg of Europe: Tension in Europe and its relationship to the causes of WWI.
• Contributions of colonies during WWI: Roles played by colonies in WWI.
• Major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles: Key clauses from the treaty.
• How it affects Germany: Impact of the treaty on Germany.
• Armenian Genocide: A historical event of mass killing.