Tennis Elbow: Symptoms and Causes

Lateral epicondylalgia = Another name for tennis elbow Extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) = Muscle primarily affected in tennis elbow Altered sensory system function = Involves widespread mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia Tendon degeneration = Common cause of tennis elbow

Grey-scale ultrasound imaging = Identifying tendon structural changes in tennis elbow MRI = Detailed visualization of soft tissues X-ray = Useful for detecting bone abnormalities CT scan = Visualizing bone fractures

Repetitive hand grip tasks = Commonly seen in individuals with tennis elbow Manual handling activities = Can contribute to the development of tennis elbow Keeping wrist joint in a flexed position = Increases the risk of lateral epicondylalgia Playing tennis = Not always the primary cause of tennis elbow

<p>Descatha et al. = Highlighted the link between repetitive activities and tennis elbow Shiri and Viikari-Juntura = Discussed the chronic pain aspect of lateral epicondylalgia Briggs and Elliott = Identified ECRB muscle involvement in tennis elbow Dones et al. = Suggested ultrasound imaging for diagnosing tendon changes in tennis elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delayed reaction time to movement tasks = Altered motor system function Localised pain at the lateral humeral epicondyle = Clinical feature of tennis elbow Reduced muscle strength during gripping tasks = Effect of elbow pain Pain duration of &lt; 3 months and PRTEE &lt; 54/100 = Good prognosis criteria for tennis elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TENS, LASER, Ultrasound, heat therapy = Physical modalities as adjunct therapy Multimodal physical therapy, pain medication, injection therapies = Conservative management of tennis elbow Optimising tendon load and minimizing strain = Key element of conservative management Early identification of clients at risk of poor prognosis = Successful physiotherapy management</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Highly repetitive manual work, PRTEE &gt; 54/100 = Risk factors for poor prognosis Cold hyperalgesia with thresholds above 13°C = Characteristic of individuals at risk of poor prognosis Altered wrist posture during gripping = Altered motor system function effect Delayed onset of ECRB muscle activation = Effect on forearm muscle activation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Green arrows in clinical pathway diagram = Good prognosis clinical pathway Orange arrows in clinical pathway diagram = Poor prognosis clinical pathway Blue arrows in clinical pathway diagram = Initial pathway for patients with poor prognostic indicators Yellow arrows in clinical pathway diagram = Additional treatment options for non-responsive patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activity modification = Targeting load management advice Therapeutic exercise program = Involving isometric, eccentric, or concentric exercises of wrist extensor muscles Pain medications = NSAIDs, topical creams Injection therapies = Prolotherapy, Platelet-rich plasma (PRP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isometric exercises = Encouraged from the early stage of rehabilitation Eccentric exercises = Part of the therapeutic exercise program for wrist extensor muscles Concentric exercises = Part of the therapeutic exercise program for wrist extensor muscles Plyometric exercises = To be strictly avoided until certain conditions are met</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NSAIDs = Commonly used pain medication Topical creams = Used as a form of pain relief Prolotherapy = Injection therapy option Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) = Injection therapy option</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surgical intervention is not recommended = Except in rare patients with severe degenerative changes Surgical intervention is a common treatment option = For all patients with lateral epicondylalgia</p> Signup and view all the answers