Temperature Regulation

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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate normal human body temperature in Celsius?

$41 \pm 0.2$
$39 \pm 0.5$
$35 \pm 1.0$
$37 \pm 0.5$ (correct)

At what core body temperature do proteins begin to denature, leading to potential cell death?

Above 40°C
Above 39°C
Above 44°C (correct)
Above 37°C

Which physiological factor does NOT influence normal core body temperature?

Level of hydration (correct)
Age
Time of day
Hormonal state

Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which antipyretic drugs like aspirin reduce fever?

Blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario primarily involves heat loss through evaporation?

Sweating during exercise (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following physiological responses helps to conserve heat in a cold environment?

Vasoconstriction in the skin (D) Signup and view all the answers

During a fever, what is the role of pyrogens (e.g., prostaglandins)?

To reset the hypothalamic thermostat to a higher set point (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system in regulating body temperature?

To control sweating and blood flow to the skin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical difference between fever and hyperthermia regarding the body's control systems?

In fever, control systems are actively trying to raise the body temperature, whereas in hyperthermia, they are overwhelmed or ineffective. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a behavioural mechanism employed by humans to adapt to extreme cold?

Seeking shelter (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of fever, according to research?

It enhances the body's repair mechanisms and reduces bacterial growth. (D) Signup and view all the answers

When the body's core temperature drops significantly, what physiological response is NOT typically observed?

Increased heart rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of arrector pili muscles in thermoregulation?

They contract to make hairs stand on end, trapping an insulating layer of air. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What causes Raynaud's disease/syndrome?

Vasospasm of small arteries (A) Signup and view all the answers

In sweat glands, what happens to sodium and chloride ions?

They are reabsorbed. (C) Signup and view all the answers

If a child has a temperature of 41°C, what may occur?

Convulsions (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain primarily functions as the control centre for body temperature regulation?

Hypothalamus (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to heat production in the body?

Basal metabolism (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the normal range of body temperature?

Between 35.8°C - 38.2°C (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options helps to regulate heat loss?

Piloerection (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can the body do to increase heat production?

Shivering (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to sweat glands if there is increased environmental temperature?

Heat loss via radiation and conduction/convection is reduced (D) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs as a result of the sympathetic nervous system contracting arrector pili muscles?

Hairs on the skin stand on end (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best clinical indicator of body temperature?

Rectum (A) Signup and view all the answers

If body temperature remains constant, what can be said about the heat?

Heat production equals heat loss (D) Signup and view all the answers

Blood is the agent of heat exchange between the core and the _?

Shell (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a person is experiencing heat exhaustion, what will be observed?

They will be sweating excessively (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a hot environment, which of the following actions is least likely to help maintain a cooler body temperature?

Exercising (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of heat stroke?

Slurred speech and poor coordination (C) Signup and view all the answers

If you want to acclimatise to extreme temperatures, what should you do?

Acclimatise to behavioural and physiological changes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following decreases as a result of Hypothermia?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'sensible' heat loss?

Heat loss that occurs when temperature rises above basal levels (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role the venous plexus in the dermis?

Assist with thermoregulation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which sympathetic response would cool the body?

Secretion in sweat glands. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What part of the brain receives input from thermoreceptors in the skin and abdomen?

Hypothalamus (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition that causes excessive uncontrollable sweating?

Hyperhidrosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the limit of survival for life?

~43 degrees Celsius (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increased temperature?

proteins denature and neurons are depressed (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Normal Body Temperature

Normal body temperature is around 37°C (98.6°F) with slight variations.

Core Temperature

The temperature of organs within the skull, thoracic, and abdominal cavities.