Temperature Measurement and Thermometers

Heat is a form of energy that can be transformed into other forms of energy like electrical, light, or mechanical energy.

Temperature measures the hotness or coldness of a body.

The most common scale for measuring temperature is the Celsius scale (°C), also known as centigrade.

A device used to measure temperature is called a thermometer.

A clinical thermometer has a kink in the capillary tube to prevent mercury from falling back after use, allowing for accurate body temperature readings.

A type of thermometer designed for measuring temperatures in a laboratory setting, typically ranging from -10°C to 110°C.

A type of thermometer specifically designed to measure human and animal body temperatures, with a range from 35°C to 42°C.

The part of the thermometer containing the mercury or alcohol, where the temperature is measured.

The thin glass tube inside the thermometer containing the mercury or alcohol, which rises or falls based on the temperature.

The horizontal lines on the stem of a thermometer that indicate temperature values.

Heat energy can change into other types of energy by processes like electric currents, friction, or nuclear reactions.

The hotness of a substance can be determined by touching it. However, sometimes our senses can be misleading.

Nuclear energy is a form of energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; it is used in power plants to produce heat energy, which in turn is converted into electrical energy.

James Watt invented the first steam engine, which utilizes the transformation of heat energy into mechanical energy to power machines.

How hot or cold something is, measured using a thermometer.

The process of a substance changing its state, like ice melting into water or water boiling into steam.

When an object gets bigger due to heat.

When an object gets smaller due to cooling down.

A change in the chemical composition of a substance due to heat, like milk turning into curd.

The average body temperature for most people is 37°C (98.6°F).

The kink in the capillary tube of a clinical thermometer prevents the mercury from flowing back into the bulb, allowing you to take a stable reading after removing the thermometer from your mouth.

Mercury is a poisonous substance that is fatal to life. It is harmful to ingest or inhale, and can be difficult to completely remove from the body if ingested.

The clinical thermometer, invented by Sir Thomas Clifford Albutt in 1866, is used to measure body temperature.

Before using a clinical thermometer, it's important to wash and dry it properly, shake it to reset the mercury level below 37°C, and avoid actions like talking, yawning, or laughing that could cause breakage.

A laboratory thermometer is used for precise temperature measurement in laboratory settings, typically ranging from -10°C to 110°C.

A clinical thermometer has a restricted temperature range of 35°C to 42°C, designed specifically for measuring body temperature.

The Celsius scale is the most common scale used to measure temperature. Its freezing point for water is 0°C.

The average normal human body temperature is 37°C.

A device used to measure the temperature of a body or object.

Substances that generate heat when burned, commonly used for domestic and industrial purposes.