Teleological Argument Analysis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Why is the cosmological argument considered stronger evidence for the existence of G-d?

  • It presents an analogy of a complex watch to explain G-d's creation.
  • It emphasizes the intricate design of the human eye.
  • It focuses on the harmonious functioning of complex parts in nature.
  • It aligns with scientific theories like the big bang theory. (correct)

What does the teleological argument mainly emphasize?

  • The demonstration of Aquinas' first 3 ways.
  • The analogy of a complex watch. (correct)
  • The complexity of the human eye.
  • The scientific theories about the origin of the universe.

Which argument draws parallels between nature and a watch?

  • Moral argument
  • Teleological argument (correct)
  • Cosmological argument
  • Ontological argument

What does William Paley compare to nature to argue for the existence of G-d?

<p>A human eye (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some consider the cosmological argument stronger than the teleological argument?

<p>It provides evidence from scientific theories. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which argument is criticized for its reliance on analogy, such as comparing nature to a watch?

<p>Teleological argument (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did G-d create evil?

<p>To outline what good was (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Darwin's proclamation about parasitic wasps challenge the design argument?

<p>By questioning the purpose of parasitic wasps' creation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Bertrand Russell's quote 'the universe is just a brute fact' differ from other arguments?

<p>It disproves G-d's existence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text suggest that the cosmological argument holds a stronger position than the teleological argument?

<p>Due to its focus on complex structures like DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Mill's development regarding the problem of evil affect the teleological argument?

<p>It disproves the world being a 'good design' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Bertrand Russell's view differ from the concept of perceiving the universe as a 'brute fact'?

<p>By questioning the need for explanations about G-d (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Aquinas, why can't everything cause itself?

<p>Because everything in the world is contingent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does David Hume challenge the idea of an infinite chain of causes?

<p>He considers it illogical to ask what caused the whole series if each event has been explained. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Leibniz use to contest Hume's logic?

<p>Principle of Sufficient Reason (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Bertrand Russell counteract the idea that every event within a series must have a cause?

<p>By illustrating that some events may not follow cause and effect relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of the Teleological argument?

<p>For the existence of a transcendent and omnipotent G-d. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Paley use the analogy of a watch in his argument?

<p>To prove that complexity cannot arise by accident. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does David Hume counteract Paley's watch analogy?

<p>By comparing G-d to an unmoulded, necessary being. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Why can't we ask what caused all of the twenty particles?' counters which argument made by David Hume?

<p>'It is unreasonable to ask what caused the whole series' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Leibniz believe about partial explanations?

<p>'Partial explanations are never complete.' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cause and effect' is a concept that applies to which aspect according to Bertrand Russell?

<p>'Events occurring within the universe.' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Swinburne, why is there no reason to say that there is more than one designer?

<p>Man can easily misconstrue the analogy of the watch when there are multiple designers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Hume critique Paley's teleological argument?

<p>By questioning how we perceive order in the absence of a basis for comparison. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Hume refer to the world as 'apparent design'?

<p>Because he believes in a random association of atoms creating order. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Hume's ship analogy challenge the notion of intelligent design?

<p>By illustrating that builders can be mistaken for being ingenious. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Hume argue about the order in the world according to his ship analogy?

<p>The order is merely an imitation of pre-existing designs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does science support the cosmological argument over the argument from design?

<p>The Big Bang Theory aligns with the beginning of the universe stated in religious beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Darwin's theory of evolution relate to the cosmological argument?

<p>It shares similarities with religious beliefs concerning the creation of the world. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is G-d referred to as a 'prime mover type G-d' instead of a theistic deity?

<p>'Prime mover type' emphasizes transcendence rather than omniscience or omnipotence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Mill, what paradox arises when considering G-d as an omnibenevolent and omnipotent designer?

<p>'Prime mover type' G-d must have created evil if responsible for everything in existence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Mill argue that G-d creating evil divests him of his superlunary nature?

<p>'Prime mover type' G-d's superlunar nature cannot coexist with evil in the world. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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