Teleological Argument Analysis Quiz

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Why is the cosmological argument considered stronger evidence for the existence of G-d?

It presents an analogy of a complex watch to explain G-d's creation.

It emphasizes the intricate design of the human eye.

It focuses on the harmonious functioning of complex parts in nature.

It aligns with scientific theories like the big bang theory. (correct)

What does the teleological argument mainly emphasize?

The demonstration of Aquinas' first 3 ways.

The analogy of a complex watch. (correct)

The complexity of the human eye.

The scientific theories about the origin of the universe.

Which argument draws parallels between nature and a watch?

Moral argument

Teleological argument (correct)

Cosmological argument

Ontological argument

What does William Paley compare to nature to argue for the existence of G-d?

A human eye Signup and view all the answers

Why do some consider the cosmological argument stronger than the teleological argument?

It provides evidence from scientific theories. Signup and view all the answers

Which argument is criticized for its reliance on analogy, such as comparing nature to a watch?

Teleological argument Signup and view all the answers

Why did G-d create evil?

To outline what good was Signup and view all the answers

How does Darwin's proclamation about parasitic wasps challenge the design argument?

By questioning the purpose of parasitic wasps' creation Signup and view all the answers

How does Bertrand Russell's quote 'the universe is just a brute fact' differ from other arguments?

It disproves G-d's existence Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text suggest that the cosmological argument holds a stronger position than the teleological argument?

Due to its focus on complex structures like DNA Signup and view all the answers

How does Mill's development regarding the problem of evil affect the teleological argument?

It disproves the world being a 'good design' Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Bertrand Russell's view differ from the concept of perceiving the universe as a 'brute fact'?

By questioning the need for explanations about G-d Signup and view all the answers

According to Aquinas, why can't everything cause itself?

Because everything in the world is contingent. Signup and view all the answers

Why does David Hume challenge the idea of an infinite chain of causes?

He considers it illogical to ask what caused the whole series if each event has been explained. Signup and view all the answers

What does Leibniz use to contest Hume's logic?

Principle of Sufficient Reason Signup and view all the answers

How does Bertrand Russell counteract the idea that every event within a series must have a cause?

By illustrating that some events may not follow cause and effect relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of the Teleological argument?

For the existence of a transcendent and omnipotent G-d. Signup and view all the answers

Why does Paley use the analogy of a watch in his argument?

To prove that complexity cannot arise by accident. Signup and view all the answers

How does David Hume counteract Paley's watch analogy?

By comparing G-d to an unmoulded, necessary being. Signup and view all the answers

'Why can't we ask what caused all of the twenty particles?' counters which argument made by David Hume?

'It is unreasonable to ask what caused the whole series' Signup and view all the answers

What does Leibniz believe about partial explanations?

'Partial explanations are never complete.' Signup and view all the answers

'Cause and effect' is a concept that applies to which aspect according to Bertrand Russell?

'Events occurring within the universe.' Signup and view all the answers

According to Swinburne, why is there no reason to say that there is more than one designer?

Man can easily misconstrue the analogy of the watch when there are multiple designers. Signup and view all the answers

How does Hume critique Paley's teleological argument?

By questioning how we perceive order in the absence of a basis for comparison. Signup and view all the answers

Why does Hume refer to the world as 'apparent design'?

Because he believes in a random association of atoms creating order. Signup and view all the answers

How does Hume's ship analogy challenge the notion of intelligent design?

By illustrating that builders can be mistaken for being ingenious. Signup and view all the answers

What does Hume argue about the order in the world according to his ship analogy?

The order is merely an imitation of pre-existing designs. Signup and view all the answers

Why does science support the cosmological argument over the argument from design?

The Big Bang Theory aligns with the beginning of the universe stated in religious beliefs. Signup and view all the answers

How does Darwin's theory of evolution relate to the cosmological argument?

It shares similarities with religious beliefs concerning the creation of the world. Signup and view all the answers

Why is G-d referred to as a 'prime mover type G-d' instead of a theistic deity?

'Prime mover type' emphasizes transcendence rather than omniscience or omnipotence. Signup and view all the answers

According to Mill, what paradox arises when considering G-d as an omnibenevolent and omnipotent designer?

'Prime mover type' G-d must have created evil if responsible for everything in existence. Signup and view all the answers

Why does Mill argue that G-d creating evil divests him of his superlunary nature?

'Prime mover type' G-d's superlunar nature cannot coexist with evil in the world. Signup and view all the answers