18 Questions
What did the Kakatiya kingdom notice during their period regarding agriculture in Telangana region?
Lack of suitable irrigation facilities leading to uncultivated fertile land
What was the significance of constructing tanks in the Kakatiya kingdom's agriculture-related works?
Tanks were built to create large reservoirs for storing water to irrigate vast areas of land
What did the Kakatiyas do to address the issue of water wastage in the region?
Built dams at strategic locations to create large reservoirs
Why were spring wells in the beds of streams and little canals important in the Telangana region?
They were the primary source of water utilization in the region
Why did the Kakatiya kingdom consider constructing tanks as virtuous work?
It helped in irrigating uncultivated fertile land
What did the Kakatiya kingdom focus on when harnessing streams for agricultural purposes?
Building dams at strategic locations
What was the name of the market at the Kakatiya capital, Orugallu?
Mathiya
Which town is now known as Medop and forms the core of modern Warangal?
Mattewda
What was Panugallu near Nalgonda known for during the Kakatiya period?
Cattle breeding
Which trading center was located on the banks of the Tungabhadra river?
Alampur
Which kingdom was known for diamonds, textiles, and cattle?
Andhra kingdom
Who visited the Kakatiya kingdom and left noteworthy records, according to the text?
Maro Polo
During the Kakatiya period, what were the five groups into which taxes were divided?
Land Taxes, Industrial and Property Taxes, Professional Taxes, Commercial Taxes, Miscellaneous Taxes
Which types of lands were exempt from taxation during the Kakatiya period?
Unassigned areas in villages, waste lands, hilly regions, river courses
How did the king or responsible chief attract settlers to cultivate reclaimed grounds during the Kakatiya period?
By offering specific advantages and permission to cultivate land for a certain period
Which of the following was NOT a category under which taxes were levied during the Kakatiya period?
Luxury Taxes
What were racha-bhumi during the Kakatiya period?
Unassigned areas in villages
Which group of people were subjected to reduced tax rates for their lands during the Kakatiya period?
Brahmanas and nobles
Study Notes
Kakatiya Capital and Trade Centers
- The Kakatiya capital, Orugallu, had a trade market known as Mathiya, which is now part of modern Warangal.
- Other important trade centers during the Kakatiya period included Panugallu, Jadcherla, Alampur, Magatala, and Manthena.
- The region was known for its precious stones, ivory, camphor, musk, and perfumes, as well as cotton, yarn, and wool.
Economy and Agriculture
- Despite having much land unsuitable for cultivation, the region had areas suitable for farming, particularly along rivers and streams.
- The region's average rainfall was not low, and streams received significant water during the rainy season.
- The Kakatiya period saw efforts to harness water by building dams and creating reservoirs to irrigate large areas of land.
- The construction of tanks was considered one of the seven works of everlasting virtues in Hindu ethics texts.
Taxes
- During the Kakatiya period, taxes were divided into five groups: Land Taxes, Industrial and Property Taxes, Professional Taxes, Commercial Taxes, and Miscellaneous Taxes.
- Land Taxes were imposed on all lands assigned to private cultivators, temples, brahmanas, and nobles or chiefs.
- Unassigned areas, including waste lands, woods, and hilly regions, were exempt from taxation.
- The king or responsible chief would offer incentives to settlers to cultivate reclaimed land, including permission to cultivate as much land as they wanted for a period of three or more years.
Explore the unique geography of Telangana and its impact on agriculture. Learn about the regions suitable for farming and factors affecting water availability for cultivation.
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