TEG® vs
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary requirement for the precise application of clinical laboratory testing?

  • Using advanced technology for testing accuracy
  • Expanding the reference intervals for different populations
  • Increasing the number of laboratory analytes
  • Identifying a healthy population to estimate the normal range of variation (correct)

Which criterion defines normality for establishing reference intervals for laboratory analytes?

  • Absence of chronic/acute disease (correct)
  • Dietary habits
  • Physical fitness level
  • Genetic predisposition to diseases

What type of tube is used for collecting whole blood for serum?

  • Purple topped tube with anticoagulant
  • Blue topped tube with clot activator
  • Green topped tube with heparin
  • Red topped tube with no reagent (correct)

In specimen collection, what happens to heavy and light components of blood after spinning in a centrifuge?

<p>Heavy components sink to the bottom, while light components migrate to the top (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sonoclot Analyzer measure?

<p>Coagulation and platelet function in whole blood or plasma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sonoclot Analyzer differentiate between?

<p>Mechanical versus hemostatic bleeders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM)?

<p>Measure platelet function and sensitivity to antiplatelet medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Platelet aggregometry measure?

<p>Platelet clumping using several agonists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sonoclot Analyzer provide in addition to a qualitative graph?

<p>Quantitative results on clot formation time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Onset and Clot RATE results in the Sonoclot Analyzer?

<p>Automatically calculated and appear on the LED display (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Arachidonic acid (AA) in Thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM)?

<p>Sensitive to aspirin (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary sensitivity of Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in Thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM)?

<p>Sensitive to clopidogrel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LQC stand for in the context of clinical laboratory quality control?

<p>Liquid Quality Control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of EQC in clinical laboratory quality control?

<p>Verifies internal components' functionality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Thromboelastography (TEG) measure?

<p>Global viscoelastic properties of whole blood clot formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Calibration in clinical laboratory quality control?

<p>Adjusting the output of a measurement device to align with a known standard's accuracy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to unreliable readings from Glucometers/ketone meters?

<p>Impaired peripheral circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ROTEM measure?

<p>Viscoelastic hemostatic properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Dose Response Cartridge predict?

<p>The loading dose of heparin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does HMS Plus technology monitor?

<p>Anticoagulation, medication effects, heparin anticoagulation, temperature, and dilution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Quantitative heparin tests in clinical laboratory analysis?

<p>Determine the actual heparin concentration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause heparin resistance?

<p>Lower slope in clotting response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does EQC verify in clinical laboratory quality control?

<p>Internal components' functionality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Reference Interval refer to in clinical laboratory quality control?

<p>The normal range for proficiency testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using purple top tubes containing EDTA for blood collection?

<p>To prevent clotting and collect plasma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause hemolysis in a blood sample?

<p>Aging and external factors such as medications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Point of Care Coordinator in a clinical laboratory?

<p>Managing instrument compliance with regulations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does analytical sensitivity refer to in laboratory testing?

<p>Ability to measure low concentrations of the analyte (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)?

<p>Regulate the quality and safety of U.S. clinical laboratories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of the Medical Director in a clinical laboratory?

<p>Oversee all testing and ensure compliance with regulatory standards (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does clinical specificity measure in laboratory testing?

<p>Incidence of negative results in persons without the disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to false positives and false negatives in laboratory testing?

<p>Interference by other substances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using red top tubes for blood collection?

<p>To collect serum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of the laboratory in ensuring reliable test results?

<p>Ensuring accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of analytical methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Medical Director in managing laboratory testing?

<p>Overseeing all testing and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does specificity ensure in laboratory testing?

<p>The test is not subject to interference by other substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between TEG® and ROTEM®?

<p>TEG® involves cup movement, while ROTEM® uses an immobile cup (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RapidTEG®?

<p>Triggering the extrinsic pathway and enabling faster testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can TEG® evaluate using functional fibrinogen and platelet mapping tests?

<p>Platelet function and clot formation with or without heparin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TEG® in assessing Antiplatelet (clopidegrel)?

<p>Evaluating bleeding risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do TEG® machines with resonance technology use instead of the traditional pin-in-cup technique?

<p>Resonance technology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measurements does TEG® provide to assess clot formation and stability?

<p>Reaction time (R value), kinetics (K value), angle (α-angle), and maximum amplitude (MA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can TEG® guide treatment decisions based on the measured parameters?

<p>Recommend fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, platelets, or fibrinolytic agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are equivalent variables in ROTEM® to TEG®'s reaction time (R value) and maximum amplitude (MA)?

<p>Clotting time (CT) and maximum clot firmness (MCF) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the initial processes of platelet aggregation regulated by?

<p>Interactions between subendothelial macromolecules, glycoprotein receptors, and platelet-derived substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of major antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel and aspirin?

<p>Block platelet activation and inhibit the upregulation of glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

TEG® and ROTEM®

Viscoelastic hemostatic assays like TEG® and ROTEM® measure the physical properties of blood clots to evaluate the coagulation process.

TEG® vs. ROTEM®

TEG® uses a pin suspended in a cup to measure clot characteristics, while ROTEM® uses an immobile cup with a rotating pin.

TEG®

TEG® mainly measures clot properties through a suspended pin, providing a comprehensive picture of coagulation.

ROTEM®

ROTEM® is an alternative viscoelastic assay that provides similar information to TEG® but employs a different method.

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Reaction Time (R value)

A test that measures the time it takes for the first fibrin strands to form after adding kaolin to whole blood.

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Kinetics (K value)

A measure of how fast the clot strengthens after the initial fibrin formation.

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Angle (α-angle)

The angle of the clot formation curve, reflecting the rate of fibrin generation and the strength of the clot.

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Maximum Amplitude (MA)

The maximum strength of the clot, reflecting the overall fibrin network density and platelet aggregation.

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Clot Lysis (CL)

Measures the breakdown of the clot, indicating the fibrinolytic activity in the blood.

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RapidTEG®

RapidTEG® is a faster TEG® variant that uses kaolin and tissue factor to trigger the extrinsic coagulation pathway.

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Functional Fibrinogen and Platelet Mapping Tests

TEG® tests that assess the function of fibrinogen and platelets to evaluate clot formation.

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Antiplat (Clopidogrel) Assessment

TEG® can be used to evaluate the impact of clopidogrel, an antiplatelet drug, on bleeding risk.

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TEG® Resonance Technology

Newer TEG® machines employ resonance technology instead of the traditional pin-in-cup method for clot measurements

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TEG® and ROTEM® Results

TEG® and ROTEM® both measure clot properties but use different methods and terminologies, making their results not directly comparable.

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Platelet Aggregation

The initial steps of platelet aggregation involve interactions between platelet receptors and subendothelial macromolecules.

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Platelet Receptor Interactions

The interaction between platelets and subendothelial macromolecules involves glycoprotein receptors and platelet-derived substances.

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Antiplatelet Drugs and Platelet Activation

Antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel and aspirin regulate platelet aggregation by interfering with these interactions.

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GPIIb/IIIa

GPIIb/IIIa is a crucial glycoprotein receptor involved in platelet aggregation.

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Blocking GPIIb/IIIa Receptors

Antiplatelet drugs block the activation of GPIIb/IIIa receptors, inhibiting platelet aggregation.

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TEG® Guided Treatments

TEG® results can be used to guide treatment decisions for bleeding or clotting disorders.

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TEG® Guided Treatment Options

Potential TEG® guided treatments include fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, platelets, or fibrinolytic agents.

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Managing Coagulation Conditions

Treatments based on TEG® findings can help manage various coagulation conditions and improve patient outcomes.

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CT (ROTEM®) vs. R (TEG®)

The clotting time (CT) in ROTEM® is equivalent to the reaction time (R value) in TEG®.

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α-angle (ROTEM®) vs. α-angle (TEG®)

In ROTEM®, the α-angle reflects the rate of fibrin formation, similar to the TEG® α-angle.

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CFT (ROTEM®) vs. K (TEG®)

Clot formation time (CFT) in ROTEM® is comparable to the kinetics (K value) in TEG®.

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MCF (ROTEM®) vs. MA (TEG®)

Maximum clot firmness (MCF) in ROTEM® corresponds to the maximum amplitude (MA) in TEG®.

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Study Notes

Thromboelastography (TEG®) and ROTEM® Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays Overview

  • Thromboelastography (TEG®) and rotational thromboelastogram (ROTEM®) are viscoelastic hemostatic assays that measure physical clot properties in whole blood.
  • TEG® predominantly measures clot properties with a pin suspended in a cup, while ROTEM® is an alternative assay widely available commercially.
  • TEG® involves placing whole blood in a citrated tube, transferring it to a tube containing kaolin (activator), and measuring the physical properties of the clot.
  • RapidTEG® uses kaolin and tissue factor as activators, triggering the extrinsic pathway and enabling faster testing, suitable for managing massive transfusions in trauma patients.
  • TEG® offers functional fibrinogen and platelet mapping tests to evaluate platelet function and clot formation with or without heparin.
  • Antiplat (clopidegrel) can be assessed using TEG® to evaluate bleeding risk, and newer TEG® machines use resonance technology instead of the traditional pin-in-cup technique.
  • TEG® provides various measurements such as reaction time (R value), kinetics (K value), angle (α-angle), and maximum amplitude (MA) to assess clot formation and stability.
  • TEG® can guide treatment decisions based on the measured parameters, such as recommending fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, platelets, or fibrinolytic agents.
  • TEG® and ROTEM® have differences in diagnostic nomenclature and operation, with TEG® involving cup movement and ROTEM® using an immobile cup, making their results not directly comparable.
  • Equivalent variables in ROTEM® include clotting time (CT), α-angle, clot formation time (CFT), maximum clot firmness (MCF), and clot lysis (CL).
  • The initial processes of platelet aggregation involve interactions between subendothelial macromolecules, glycoprotein receptors, and platelet-derived substances, regulated by antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel and aspirin.
  • Major antiplatelet drugs act to block platelet activation and inhibit the upregulation of glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa receptors, essential for platelet aggregation, providing insights into their mechanisms of action.

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Test your knowledge of Thromboelastography (TEG®) and ROTEM® viscoelastic hemostatic assays with this quiz. Explore the differences between TEG® and ROTEM®, understand the measurements they provide, and learn about their clinical applications in guiding treatment decisions.

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