Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a classification of tooth injuries?
What is concussion?
Injury of the tooth support structures without increased tooth mobility or tooth displacement.
What is luxation?
Tooth loosens without total avulsion and moves out of its normal position.
What is avulsion?
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Give clinical signs of mild trauma in concussion.
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Give clinical signs of severe trauma in concussion.
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What are general clinical signs of luxation?
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What are clinical signs of lateral luxation?
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What are clinical signs of intruded luxation?
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What are clinical signs of extruded luxation?
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What are clinical signs of avulsion?
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How is concussion diagnosed?
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How is lateral luxation diagnosed?
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How is extrusive luxation diagnosed?
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How is intrusive luxation diagnosed?
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How is avulsion diagnosed?
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How are primary teeth treated in concussion?
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How are permanent teeth treated in concussion?
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What is the general treatment for luxation?
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What kind of splints are used for fixation in luxation?
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Study Notes
Tooth Injury Classification
- Dental Concussion: Injury to supporting structures without increased mobility or displacement.
- Dental Luxation: Tooth loosens without total avulsion; includes lateral, extrusion, and intrusion types.
- Dental Avulsion: Complete displacement of a tooth from its socket.
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Tooth Fractures:
- Crown Fractures: Vary from enamel-only to involvement of dentin with pulp exposure.
- Root Fractures: Classifications include cervical third, middle third, and apical third.
- Combined Injuries: Involvement of teeth and jaw bones.
Concussion
- Definition: Injury to tooth support structures with no mobility or displacement; potential for post-operative pain and exposure.
- Clinical Signs (Mild Trauma): Hyperemia in the periodontal ligament (PDL) vessels, reversible condition.
- Clinical Signs (Severe Trauma): Progression to pulp necrosis, color change in the crown from pink to brownish/bluish, and signs of devitalization.
Luxation
- Definition: Tooth loosens and moves out of its normal position; adjacent tissues may be ruptured.
- Clinical Signs: Severe pain initially that decreases, difficulty in chewing; mobility depends on type and alveolar bone condition.
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Types of Luxation:
- Lateral Luxation: Severely painful with impaired occlusion and mucosal laceration.
- Intruded Luxation: Tooth appears stationary and positioned below adjacent teeth.
- Extruded Luxation: Tooth appears loose and elongated.
Avulsion
- Clinical Signs: Often accompanied by lip and cheek injuries; tooth socket may be empty or contain a blood clot; tooth may also be positioned transversely to alveolar ridge.
Diagnosis Methods
- Concussion: Based on clinical presentation; no radiographic signs.
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Luxation Diagnosis:
- Lateral Luxation: Shortened root, enlarged PDL space.
- Extrusive Luxation: Empty apical part of the socket, enlarged PDL.
- Intrusive Luxation: Tooth intruded into socket, root higher than adjacent teeth.
- Avulsion Diagnosis: Confirmation of an empty tooth socket.
Treatment Approaches
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Concussion Treatment:
- Primary Teeth: Opposing tooth reduction for rest.
- Permanent Teeth: Liquid diet, temporary dressings, mouthwashes for quicker resorption, and endodontic treatment for non-vital teeth.
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Luxation Treatment:
- Repositioning and fixation of tooth with splints for 8-12 weeks, under local anesthesia if needed.
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Types of Splints:
- Vestibular arch splint (composite resin)
- Hirschfield's interrupted ligature wire splint
- Atanasov's continuous ligature wire splint
- 8-shaped ligature wire splint.
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Description
This quiz covers the classification of tooth injuries, including dental concussion, luxation, and avulsion, along with various types of tooth fractures. Additionally, it explores clinical signs, methods of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment options. Perfect for dental students and professionals looking to enhance their knowledge in dental trauma.