Technology and Society in the 19th Century

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Questions and Answers

What does the Greek word 'techne' refer to?

Art, skill, or craft (correct)

Expression or utterance of thought

Knowledge gained from study

Social methods of inquiry

How is technology defined in the context provided?

The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes (correct)

The act of making theories to improve existing knowledge

The social methodologies used in finding new knowledge

The systematic study of physical phenomena

What is the Latin origin of the word 'science'?

Logos

Techne

Scientia (correct)

Experimentum

Which of the following statements characterizes science?

It involves systematic observation and experimentation Signup and view all the answers

What does 'logos' convey in the context of technology?

The expression or utterance of thought Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is essential in the application of new knowledge in technology?

Social demands that influence its usage Signup and view all the answers

What is a key method used in science for gaining knowledge?

Observation combined with measurement and experimentation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between science and technology?

Science provides knowledge that can be applied in technology Signup and view all the answers

What method did the ancient Greek alarm clock utilize to signal an alarm?

Water or stones dropped into drums Signup and view all the answers

Which civilization is known for being the oldest in Asia?

Chinese Civilization Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the invention of the Archimedes screw?

Archimedes Signup and view all the answers

What contribution is Aristotle best known for in the field of biology?

Introducing classification of animals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of cartography?

Making maps Signup and view all the answers

Which invention is Johann Gutenberg known for?

The printing press Signup and view all the answers

Which technology did the Chinese develop that is associated with silk production?

Silkworm harvesting technique Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of watermills in Chinese civilization?

Milling grains Signup and view all the answers

What is often used to measure economic growth?

Gross domestic product (GDP) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is one of the Millennium Development Goals?

Achieve universal primary education Signup and view all the answers

What does development primarily aim to improve?

The well-being of the residents in a region Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial for decision-making in economic transformation?

Research backed by science and technology Signup and view all the answers

What type of transformation is described in economic growth?

Urbanization from rural agriculture to urban manufacturing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is least associated with economic growth?

Ambiguous governmental policies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following complements economic growth for improving living standards?

Human development initiatives Signup and view all the answers

What is a major focus of sustainability programs in the context of economic growth?

Reducing environmental harm Signup and view all the answers

What is technology defined as in the context of the body of knowledge?

An organization of knowledge that utilizes capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'SOCIETY' derive from?

The Latin term 'societas' Signup and view all the answers

According to Feynman, what does science represent?

A special method of finding things out Signup and view all the answers

What kind of research is described as a distinctive feature of science?

Basic research Signup and view all the answers

What does society refer to in the given context?

An aggregate of people living in a community Signup and view all the answers

What does basic research provide information about?

The nature, properties, and behavior of matter and energy Signup and view all the answers

What key aspect is emphasized by Jacob Bronowski about knowledge organization?

It allows us to uncover the secrets of nature Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the French word 'Société' as it relates to society?

A friendly association with others Signup and view all the answers

What were the first newspapers introduced by the Romans called?

Gazettes Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the first compound microscope?

Zacharias Janssen Signup and view all the answers

What invention was crucial for navigators during the Middle Ages?

The telescope Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials was used by Chinese alchemists to create gunpowder?

Charcoal Signup and view all the answers

Who first patented the telescope?

Hans Lippershey Signup and view all the answers

What type of modern invention is the Salamander amphibious tricycle designed for?

Crossing flooded areas Signup and view all the answers

During which historical period were many wars prevalent, affecting the development of technology?

Middle Ages Signup and view all the answers

What type of impression did the metal letters make on the paper in Roman printing?

An exact impression Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nature and Relationship of Science, Technology, and Society

Technology comprises knowledge organization, capabilities, and skills needed to harness nature's potential.
Definition of "society" derives from the Latin "societas," related to living in an ordered community with shared customs and laws.
Science, characterized by systematic studies of natural phenomena, emerged from the Latin "Scientia," meaning knowledge and expertise.
Basic research provides essential insights into matter and energy, fostering innovation and application in various fields.
Technological advancement stems from integrating skills and knowledge for practical applications.
Economic growth, measured through GDP or GNI, reflects society's capacity to produce goods and resources.
Development focuses on enhancing living conditions in poorer nations, balancing economic growth with human well-being.
The Millennium Development Goals aim to eradicate poverty, achieve education, promote gender equality, reduce mortality rates, and ensure environmental sustainability.

Historical Antecedents in the Course of Science and Technology

Babylonian civilization developed near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, using early alarm clocks for communication.
Ancient Greeks utilized water for alarm clocks, demonstrating innovative timekeeping.
Chinese civilization is recognized as the oldest in Asia, with significant contributions like silk production and tea technology.
Archimedes invented the screw for efficient water elevation, impacting agriculture.
Aristotle has been acknowledged as the father of zoology, contributing to biology through animal classification.
Cartography emerged as a significant field with Anaximander creating some of the first maps.
Roman civilization's innovations include the introduction of gazettes as early newspapers.
Gunpowder, a crucial invention, was developed by Chinese alchemists for military use.
Filipinos contributed to global science and technology with inventions suited to tropical climates, such as the Salamander amphibious tricycle.

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Description

Explore the concept of technology as a body of knowledge that combines various capabilities and skills. Delve into how this organization of knowledge emerged and affected society in the 19th century. Understand the implications and the hidden potential that technology brought to nature during this time period.