Technological Revolution in the 21st Century
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Questions and Answers

What were websites like during the dot-com boom?

  • Advanced with complex functionalities
  • Video-based
  • Simple web pages (correct)
  • Highly interactive

    • Virtual reality and augmented reality are considered well-established technologies.

    False

    What are the two main components of modern web development?

    Front end and back end

    Virtual reality has begun to find uses in ______________ programmes in recent years.

    <p>training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the approach with its description:

    <p>Think Humanly = The Cognitive-Modelling-Approach Think Rationally = The Laws-of-Thought-Approach Act Humanly = The Turing Test Approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Turing Test and when does a computer pass it?

    <p>The Turing Test is passed when a human interrogator cannot tell whether the responses come from a person or a computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the minimum capabilities a computer needs to possess to pass the Turing Test?

    <p>Natural Language Processing, Knowledge Representation, Automated Reasoning, Machine Learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Edge computing improves response times and saves bandwidth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the design of intelligent agents called?

    <p>Artificial Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Lecture 4, what do supercomputers have that makes them unique?

    <p>Supercomputers have thousands of classical CPU and GPU cores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key trend in the twenty-first century?

    <p>Technological revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Artificial Intelligence?

    <p>To mimic human and animal intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Edge Computing?

    <p>To keep computer data close to the user</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of Quantum Computing?

    <p>To locate the most effective routes and schedules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of Cybersecurity?

    <p>Preventing cyberthreats and attacks on computer systems and networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Bioinformatics professionals do?

    <p>Examine, preserve, and analyze biological data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Data Science?

    <p>To determine the effectiveness of operations, conducting employee surveys, and gauging people's general mood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of a career in Data Science?

    <p>Being an integral component of the company's overall operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Full Stack Development?

    <p>To create both client-side and server-side software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does application security focus on?

    <p>Keeping software and devices free of threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does operational security include?

    <p>Processes and decisions for handling and protecting data assets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    End-user education is not important for cybersecurity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Virtual reality (VR) = Places the user in a computer-generated world Augmented reality (AR) = Overlays digital images onto the real world Full stack development = End-to-end application software development Data science = Combines math, statistics, AI, and machine learning to analyze data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Quantum Computing?

    <p>Quantum computing is a type of computing that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to perform operations on data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A qubit can be 0, 1, or both at the same time.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of quantum computing?

    <p>Speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of superposition in quantum computing?

    <p>The ability of a qubit to exist in multiple states simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quantum computers use ______________________ to perform operations on data.

    <p>qubits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quantum computers can solve any problem that a classical computer can solve.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main application of quantum computing in cryptography?

    <p>Breaking certain encryption algorithms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential application of quantum computing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is robotics?

    <p>The use of technology to design and manufacture intelligent machines that can perform specific tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Thinking Humanly: The Cognitive Modeling Approach

    • AI is the effort to make computers think like humans
    • Machines with minds, in the full literal sense (Haugeland, 1985)
    • Automating human thinking activities like decision-making, problem-solving, learning (Bellman, 1978)
    • The "Think Humanly" approach aims to design algorithms that think like humans
    • To do this, we need a way to determine how humans think
    • 3 ways of determining human thinking:
      • Introspection: Trying to catch our own thoughts
      • Psychological Experiments: Observing people in action
      • Brain Imaging: Using technology to study brain activity

    Defining Intelligence

    • There are certain qualities of both artificial and biological systems that we associate with intelligence
    • For AI to be productive, intelligence should be defined within the context of a task, not just how we perceive something
    • Humans are intelligent at performing many different tasks

    Key Questions in Building AI

    • Are you concerned with thinking or behavior?

    • Do you want to model humans or work from an ideal standard?

    • The 4 main approaches in AI:

      • Think Humanly
      • Think Rationally
      • Act Humanly
      • Act Rationally### Quantum Computing

    • Quantum computing refers to computation that uses the principles of quantum physics

    • Quantum physics deals with the smallest physical units that exist within the human realm

    • Quantum phenomena are highly non-intuitive and do not follow the same laws as macroscopic objects

    • Traditional computers struggle with complex problems involving many interacting variables

    • Quantum computers use qubits instead of classical bits, allowing them to represent multiple possibilities simultaneously

    • Quantum computers are smaller and more energy-efficient than classical supercomputers

    • The computing power of quantum systems comes from the ability to exploit quantum superposition and entanglement

    Applications of Quantum Computing

    • Simulation: Quantum computers can model complex physical, chemical, and biological systems more accurately
    • Optimization: Quantum algorithms can solve optimization problems faster than classical computers
    • Cryptography: Quantum computers can potentially break current encryption methods, but also enable new unbreakable cryptographic techniques
    • Machine Learning: Quantum machine learning algorithms may outperform classical methods for certain tasks
    • Data Search: Quantum computers can search databases exponentially faster than classical computers

    Advantages of Quantum Computing

    • Faster data processing: Quantum computers can crunch large amounts of data much more quickly than traditional computers

    • Cost-effective: Quantum computers are more energy-efficient and smaller than classical supercomputers, potentially making them more cost-effective in the long run

    • Ability to solve complex problems: Quantum computers can tackle problems that are intractable for classical computers, leading to breakthroughs in fields like materials science, drug discovery, and finance### Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality

    • Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) are technologies that are changing how we use screens, creating new and exciting interactive experiences

    • VR uses a headset to place the user in a computer-generated world that can be explored

    • AR takes digital images and layers them on the real world around the user, either through a clear visor or a smartphone

    • VR transports the user to a virtual world, while AR enhances the existing real-world environment

    Applications of VR and AR

    • With VR, users can explore virtual underwater environments
    • With AR, users can see virtual objects like fish swimming around the real-world environment

    Key Differences between VR and AR

    • VR fully immerses the user in a computer-generated world
    • AR overlays digital content on the user's real-world view
    • VR requires a headset, while AR can use a headset, visor, or smartphone

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    Description

    The quiz explores the rapid changes in technology since the early 2000s, highlighting the rise and fall of various commercial and widely used technologies.

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