Technical SEO Study Notes

Page Speed: Critical for user experience and rankings. Aim for loading times under 3 seconds.
Image Optimization: Use formats like WebP, compress images, and use responsive sizing.
Minification: Reduce the size of CSS, JavaScript, and HTML files by eliminating unnecessary characters.
Caching: Implement browser caching to store frequently accessed resources.
Content Delivery Network (CDN): Use a CDN to distribute content globally and reduce load times.
Server Response Time: Optimize server settings and choose a reliable hosting provider to improve response times.

Purpose: Helps search engines understand the site structure and find all pages.
Structure: Must be in XML format adhering to sitemap protocol.
Submission: Submit sitemaps through Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools.
Updates: Regularly update the sitemap to reflect new content or changes.
Priority and Frequency: Utilize <priority> and <changefreq> tags to indicate the importance and update frequency of pages.

Purpose: Instructs search engine crawlers on which pages to crawl or not to crawl.
Syntax: Use "User-agent" to specify which bots the rules apply to; "Disallow" to block pages and "Allow" to permit specific pages.
Testing: Use tools like Google’s Robots Testing Tool to validate configurations.
Placement: Should be placed in the root directory of the website (e.g., example.com/robots.txt).
Considerations: Be cautious with disallowing important pages; incorrect configurations can lead to indexing issues.

Responsive Design: Ensure that the website layout adjusts smoothly to various screen sizes.
Mobile Usability: Check for touch elements that are too close, text that is too small, and content that requires horizontal scrolling.
Mobile Testing Tools: Use Google’s Mobile-Friendly Test to assess and improve mobile usability.
AMP (Accelerated Mobile Pages): Consider implementing AMP for fast-loading mobile pages.
Indexing: Google primarily uses mobile-first indexing; thus, ensure the mobile version has all necessary content.

Purpose: Helps search engines understand page content better and enhance search results with rich snippets.
Types: Common types include Schema.org (e.g., articles, products, events, reviews).
Implementation: Use JSON-LD format for structured data as it is recommended by Google.
Testing: Use the Structured Data Testing Tool to validate and troubleshoot markup.
Benefits: Improves visibility in search results, potentially leading to higher click-through rates.

Page speed is essential for user satisfaction and affects search engine rankings; aim for loading times under 3 seconds.
Image optimization strategies include using WebP formats, compressing images, and applying responsive sizing techniques.
Minification involves reducing the file sizes of CSS, JavaScript, and HTML by stripping unnecessary characters like whitespace and comments.
Caching mechanisms, especially browser caching, help store frequently accessed resources to speed up load times.
A Content Delivery Network (CDN) efficiently distributes content globally, minimizing server load and improving loading times.
Server response time can be improved by optimizing server settings and selecting a dependable hosting provider.

Sitemaps serve to inform search engines about the structure of a website and ensure all pages are discoverable.
Must adhere to the XML format following sitemap protocol for proper functioning.
Submitting sitemaps via Google Search Console or Bing Webmaster Tools supports better indexing.
Regular updates to the sitemap are necessary to reflect any new content or structural changes.
Utilize <priority> and <changefreq> tags to indicate the significance and update frequency of individual pages.

The robots.txt file directs search engine crawlers on which pages should or should not be indexed.
The syntax includes "User-agent" for specifying bots affected, "Disallow" for blocking pages, and "Allow" for permitting specific pages.
Testing tools, like Google’s Robots Testing Tool, ensure proper configuration and avoid missed crawls.
This file should be located in the root directory of the domain (e.g., example.com/robots.txt).
Care must be taken not to disallow important pages, as incorrect configurations can lead to significant indexing problems.

Responsive design guarantees that website layouts adapt effectively to various device screen sizes.
Mobile usability considerations include ensuring touch elements are spaced adequately, text is legible, and that content does not require horizontal scrolling.
Google’s Mobile-Friendly Test tool helps evaluate and enhance mobile usability.
Implementing Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) can facilitate quick loading on mobile devices.
Google employs mobile-first indexing, meaning the mobile version of the site must be comprehensive and well-structured.

Structured data aids search engines in comprehensively understanding page content, thus enhancing search results with rich snippets.
Common structured data types include those from Schema.org, targeting content like articles, products, and reviews.
JSON-LD format is recommended for structured data implementation due to its compatibility and ease of use.
Validation and troubleshooting of structured data can be carried out using the Structured Data Testing Tool.
Proper use of structured data improves visibility in search results, potentially leading to increased click-through rates.