TEAS Practice Test Science Portion

Questions and Answers

List two industries that benefit from advancement of mathematical and technological skills.

Forensics, cosmology, meteorology

What is deductive reasoning?

Deductive reasoning is when conclusions follow a general principle.

What is inductive reasoning?

Inductive reasoning is when conclusions are formed from specific facts.

Where on the body can epithelial tissue be found?

Skin Signup and view all the answers

Where on the body can connective tissue be found?

Bone Signup and view all the answers

Where on the body can muscle tissue be found?

Heart Signup and view all the answers

Where on the body can nervous tissue be found?

Brain Signup and view all the answers

What are the smallest parts of elements that can still retain all the original properties of the element?

Atoms Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical bonding of atoms that possesses its own characteristics independent of the atoms themselves?

Molecule Signup and view all the answers

Specific molecules combining form what?

Cells Signup and view all the answers

What are cells also known as?

The basic unit of all life Signup and view all the answers

Cells combine in terms of function and type to form what?

Tissues Signup and view all the answers

2 or more tissue types work together to perform a specific function at what level?

The organ level Signup and view all the answers

What performs extremely complex functions?

Organs Signup and view all the answers

When organs work together to perform a task the result is what?

Organ system Signup and view all the answers

How many organ systems are there in the human body?

11 Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest level of organization?

Organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of all organ systems working together within the body?

Organism Signup and view all the answers

What begins the breakdown of fats in the small intestine?

Fats Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a significant departure from previous ideas in geology?

A paradigm shift Signup and view all the answers

What describes the increase in alleles that permits a species to survive and reproduce better in an environment?

Adaptation Signup and view all the answers

What nervous system directs the body's flight or flight response?

Sympathetic Signup and view all the answers

What is used in quantitative investigations?

Numerical information Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following taxonomic ranks is the most general?

Phylum Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for water's relatively minor temperature and phase changes compared to other substances?

High specific heat and high heat of vaporization Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of hydrocarbons containing double bonds?

C4H8 Signup and view all the answers

What represents the correct order of the scientific process?

Hypothesis, data, analysis Signup and view all the answers

What organ system supplies the body cells with oxygen and nutrients?

Cardiovascular Signup and view all the answers

Through what does blood pass after leaving the right ventricle during contraction of the heart?

Pulmonary artery Signup and view all the answers

What organ system supplies the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

Respiratory Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the peristalsis that occurs in the digestive tract?

Smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

A proton should have what two characteristics when compared to the charge and the mass of an electron?

An opposite charge and larger mass Signup and view all the answers

The spine is part of what system?

Skeletal Signup and view all the answers

If two gases (A and B) that have detectable odors and the same temperature are released simultaneously on one side of a room, and the odor of Gas A is noticed one minute before that of Gas B, what conclusion can be made?

Gas B has higher density than Gas A Signup and view all the answers

What describes a substance that is completely ionized in its solution and has a pH of 2?

Strong acid Signup and view all the answers

What organs produce immune cells?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

A research student is determining the pollen count for a 24-hour period in a given location. The student's data would be most reliable if he decided to count the pollen in what?

Multiple decimeter squares for one morning and one afternoon Signup and view all the answers

The heart is located ________ the sternum.

behind Signup and view all the answers

Exchange of oxygen occurs in what structure of the respiratory system?

Alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is true of fertility rates in less-developed countries?

They are higher in less-developed countries Signup and view all the answers

Enzyme activity is driven by what internal factor?

Amino acid structure Signup and view all the answers

A new organism has been recently discovered in the ocean. All that is known of the organism's cell structure is that it lacks a membrane bound nucleus. Which of the following indicates how this organism will be classified in terms of cell type?

Prokaryote Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following do mutations in human DNA originate?

Genotype Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles found in heterotrophs is similar to the chloroplast?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles gives rough endoplasmic reticulum its signature rough characteristic?

Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

DNA is to genes, as amino acids are to ______.

protein Signup and view all the answers

Atoms having ___ bonds complete one another by the donation and acceptance of electrons to form stable outer electron shells.

Ionic Signup and view all the answers

Mutations in what cells can be passed on to future generations?

Germ cells Signup and view all the answers

DNA codons encode which of the following?

Amino acids Signup and view all the answers

During cell replication, which material is duplicated by polymerase enzymes?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

What nitrogenous base is unique to RNA?

Uracil Signup and view all the answers

A research student predicts that rats raised in a stimulating environment will learn faster than rats raised in an isolated environment. This prediction corresponds with which of the following steps in the scientific method?

Formulating a hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

Meiosis occurs in which of the following cells?

Germ cells Signup and view all the answers

The liquid state of a substance is considered to have a _ shape and a _ volume.

Changing, fixed Signup and view all the answers

A researcher conducts a study to examine the effects that time spent in extracurricular involvement has on college entrance exam scores. In this study, extra-curricular involvement is what type of variable?

Independent Signup and view all the answers

When an automobile traveling at 60 miles per hour is brought to a rapid stop, the two types of energy most involved are what?

Kinetic and heat Signup and view all the answers

When examining electronegativity values, which atoms will form the least polar bond with hydrogen?

Hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is the best electrical conductor?

Potassium Signup and view all the answers

A large saturated hydrocarbon will contain ___

More than twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms Signup and view all the answers

_ are at a higher taxonomic level of organization than _

Cells, molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is needed for cellular waste recycling?

Lysosome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems includes organs between the mouth and anus?

Digestive Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes how a Punnett square helps predict the genotype of the offspring if the alleles of both parents are known?

Shows what genotypes are possible in the offspring Signup and view all the answers

A substance with a pH of 7.0 when dissolved in water is?

Neutral substance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following by-products of cellular respiration is used by autotrophs in the production of glucose?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

A certain disease is carried on the allele (a) which is recessive to the normal condition (A). If a normal (AA) male meets with a female who has the disease (aa), what is the percentage of offspring that are carriers of the disease?

100% Signup and view all the answers

The pancreas is a component of which system?

Endocrine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of bond is primarily responsible for base pairing in complementary strands of DNA?

Hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

A cell uses which of the following as the first line of defense against mutations during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase proofreading Signup and view all the answers

After passing through the stomach, food enters into what structure?

Duodenum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the term given to multiple forms of a gene that are produced by mutation?

Allele Signup and view all the answers

During mitosis and cell division, spindle fibers are associated with what organelle?

Centrosomes Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following parts of the gastrointestinal tract does the absorption of water primarily occur?

Colon Signup and view all the answers

During which of the following stages of development do individual tissue layers begin to form?

Gastrulation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the number of different cells formed upon completion of mitosis II?

4 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a property of bases?

Liberates OH- in solution Signup and view all the answers

During which of the following stages of interphase is mRNA synthesized?

G1 Signup and view all the answers

A harmful example of a catalytic reaction involves the breakdown of ozone by use of _______

Chlorine ions Signup and view all the answers

Phenotypes are seen due to the production of ___ from the genotypic code found in the cell nucleus.

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

Receiving a vaccination against a particular disease results in which of the following types of immunity?

Active Signup and view all the answers

The veins of the upper part of the body are responsible for transporting blood to what area of the heart?

Superior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

The spleen and thoracic duct are part of which system?

Lymphatic Signup and view all the answers

Nucleotides are to DNA as amino acids are to ____.

proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following taxonomic ranks is the most specific?

Species Signup and view all the answers

For a given substance, the gas phase (compared to the liquid phase) is considered to have _ intermolecular attractions and to exist at _ temperatures.

Weaker, higher Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pulls air into the body during inspiration?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the chemical formula for octyne?

C8H14 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes how inhibitors affect the reaction rate of enzymes?

They block the active sites of substrate, causing greatly reduced activity Signup and view all the answers

Water's _ bonding results in a _ ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.

Covalent, 2:1 Signup and view all the answers

During which process does RNA relay information to the ribosomes?

Translation Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following is urine stored?

Bladder Signup and view all the answers

In a medication study, population A is given the medication, and population B is given a placebo. What describes population B?

Control group Signup and view all the answers

What organ produces bile that begins the breakdown of fat?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

List two reasons for conducting scientific investigations.

Establishing procedures, involving quality of life. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of an investigation that has led to radically new designs that improve the quality of life.

Prosthetics, organs. Signup and view all the answers

List the six parts of a scientific argument.

Problem identification, question asking, hypothesis development, data collection and experimentation, analysis, conclusion. Signup and view all the answers

How does a scientific argument change over time?

A bias may be shown, or results cannot be repeated. Signup and view all the answers

Give two reasons why scientific research is dependent on technology.

Data is recorded in numbers, relationships are established by graphs and formulas. Numerical models are used to describe mathematical relationships. Signup and view all the answers

Without mathematics, scientific research would not be possible. Explain why this is true.

If mathematics were not used, scientific descriptions would be purely qualitative in nature. Signup and view all the answers

Describe how mathematics and science have increased communication in the corporate world.

Fiber optics have increased communication speed and processing time. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Anatomy and Physiology

Breakdown of macronutrients begins in the small intestine with fats.
The cardiovascular system supplies oxygen and nutrients to body cells.
Blood leaves the right ventricle via the pulmonary artery.
The respiratory system removes carbon dioxide and supplies oxygen, with gas exchange occurring in the alveoli.
Smooth muscle is responsible for peristalsis in the digestive tract.
The pancreas is part of the endocrine system.

Genetics and Cell Biology

Adaptation refers to the increase in alleles that enhance survival and reproduction chances.
Germ cells are the source of mutations that can be passed to future generations.
A strong acid is a substance that is completely ionized in solution and typically has a pH of 2.
DNA codons encode amino acids, while nucleotides are to DNA as amino acids are to proteins.
During cell replication, DNA is duplicated by polymerase enzymes.

Scientific Methodology

The scientific process order is hypothesis, data collection, and analysis.
Formulating a hypothesis allows predictions to be made based on prior knowledge.
Independent variables are manipulated to observe effects on dependent variables in experiments.
Multiple decimeter squares provide reliable data for studies like pollen counts.

Cellular Structure and Function

Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus, differentiating them from other cell types.
Lysosomes are essential for cellular waste recycling.
Ribosomes give rough endoplasmic reticulum its signature texture, facilitating protein synthesis.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Water's high specific heat and high heat of vaporization contribute to its stability as a substance.
Ionic bonds result from the donation and acceptance of electrons, providing stability to atoms.
A solution with a pH of 7 is considered neutral.

Taxonomy and Biological Classification

Taxonomic ranks from most general to most specific: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Phylum represents the most general taxonomic rank compared to Order, Family, and Genus.

Insights on Development and Organ Systems

During gastrulation, individual tissue layers begin to form.
The colon primarily absorbs water in the gastrointestinal tract.
The human body has 11 organ systems, which perform complex functions and work together to form organ systems.

Research and Technology

Scientific research relies on technology for recording data and establishing relationships through graphs and formulas.
Advancements in mathematical and technological skills benefit industries like forensics and meteorology.

Reasoning and Argumentation

Deductive reasoning involves conclusions following a general principle, while inductive reasoning draws conclusions from specific facts.
Scientific arguments may change over time due to biases or inability to replicate results.

Various Types of Tissue

Epithelial tissue is found in the skin, connective tissue in bone, muscle tissue in the heart, and nervous tissue in the brain.
Tissues consist of similar cells working together, while multiple tissue types form organs that perform specific functions.

Fundamental Concepts

Atoms are the smallest parts of elements that retain original properties, while molecules are formed from bonded atoms and possess their own characteristics.
Cells are the basic unit of all life, combining to form tissues, which perform specific functions at the organ level.

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Prepare for the science section of the TEAS exam with this set of flashcards. Covering topics like biology, geology, and genetics, these questions will help you reinforce your understanding and improve your test-taking skills.