Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of learning at Bentley West Primary School?
What is the primary focus of learning at Bentley West Primary School?
What is the term used to describe the process of studying a variety of topics in a single study session?
What is the term used to describe the process of studying a variety of topics in a single study session?
What is the primary goal of retrieval practice?
What is the primary goal of retrieval practice?
What type of knowledge does Bentley West Primary School focus on teaching?
What type of knowledge does Bentley West Primary School focus on teaching?
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What is the term used to describe the process of studying regularly rather than cramming?
What is the term used to describe the process of studying regularly rather than cramming?
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What is the minimum percentage of mastery required before moving to independent practice in the EDI model?
What is the minimum percentage of mastery required before moving to independent practice in the EDI model?
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What is the benefit of using spaced practice over cramming?
What is the benefit of using spaced practice over cramming?
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What is the purpose of constant checking for understanding in the EDI model?
What is the purpose of constant checking for understanding in the EDI model?
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What is the primary purpose of daily reviews?
What is the primary purpose of daily reviews?
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What is the 'recite' stage of the Recite, Recall, Apply framework?
What is the 'recite' stage of the Recite, Recall, Apply framework?
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What is the benefit of using spaced practice in daily reviews?
What is the benefit of using spaced practice in daily reviews?
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What is the purpose of the 'apply' stage in the Recite, Recall, Apply framework?
What is the purpose of the 'apply' stage in the Recite, Recall, Apply framework?
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What is a key feature of daily reviews?
What is a key feature of daily reviews?
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What does the teacher suggest using the 'notes' section of PowerPoint for?
What does the teacher suggest using the 'notes' section of PowerPoint for?
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What is the primary benefit of using interleaved practice in daily reviews?
What is the primary benefit of using interleaved practice in daily reviews?
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Why does the teacher emphasize the importance of minimizing cognitive overload?
Why does the teacher emphasize the importance of minimizing cognitive overload?
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Study Notes
Introduction
- David Maconis, a classroom teacher from Bentley West Primary School in Melbourne, discusses spaced interleave and retrieval practice in teaching.
- He shares his experiences and methods to help students remember information for longer periods.
Bentley West Primary School's Philosophy
- The school operates under the assumption that schools are there to teach biologically secondary knowledge.
- Biologically secondary knowledge requires explicit guidance or teaching, whereas biologically primary knowledge is innate.
- Examples of biologically secondary knowledge include reading, print systems, and languages.
Explicit Direct Instruction (EDI)
- EDI is a pedagogical model used at Bentley West Primary School.
- It involves teacher-led instruction, constant checking for understanding, and active recall of prior knowledge.
- The model includes skill closure and ensures at least 80% mastery before moving to independent practice.
Definition of Learning
- At Bentley West Primary School, learning is defined as the transfer to long-term memory.
- It focuses on long-term retention rather than short-term performance.
Space Practice
- Space practice, also known as spaced repetition, involves studying regularly rather than cramming.
- It helps to retain information for longer periods and strengthen memories.
- Research shows that cramming may lead to short-term success, but spaced practice leads to better long-term retention.
Interleave Practice
- Interleave practice involves studying a variety of topics in a single study session.
- It helps to strengthen memories and promote better retention.
- Interleave practice helps to minimize the negative effects of cramming.
Retrieval Practice
- Retrieval practice involves bringing information from long-term memory to working memory.
- It strengthens memories and makes them more durable.
- Retrieval practice can take many forms, including daily reviews, quizzes, and diagram labeling.
Daily Reviews
- Daily reviews are PowerPoint presentations that review previously taught material.
- They are short, regular sessions that cover a wide range of topics.
- Daily reviews incorporate spaced practice, interleaved practice, and retrieval practice.
Features of Daily Reviews
- Daily reviews include short explanations, embedded differentiation, and a quick pace.
- They are planned and adapted from lesson plans, and topics are regularly added and removed.
Planning for Daily Reviews
- Teachers plan and create lessons using EDI, then adapt the slides for daily reviews.
- A spreadsheet is used to track what topics are in or out of the review and how long they have been out for.
Recite, Recall, Apply Framework
- The recite stage involves students reciting information.
- The recall stage involves students remembering information and responding orally.
- The apply stage involves students using the information to answer independent questions.
- This framework is used to structure daily review slides.### Teaching Strategies for Effective Learning
- The teacher uses a "recite, recall, apply" approach to teach students:
- Recite: Students recite information together as a class to reinforce learning
- Recall: Students recall information from memory without looking at notes or resources
- Apply: Students apply what they've learned to new situations or problems
- The teacher uses a PowerPoint presentation to facilitate the "recite, recall, apply" approach, with each slide building on previous information
- The teacher emphasizes the importance of minimizing cognitive overload by:
- Using simple animations and transitions
- Avoiding cluttered slides
- Using short, concise text
- The teacher suggests using the "notes" section of PowerPoint to provide additional information or explanations for teachers, but not for students
The Power of Spaced, Interleaved, and Retrieval Practice
- Spaced practice: Breaking learning into shorter sessions with breaks in between, rather than cramming all learning into one session
- Interleaved practice: Switching between different topics or skills to help students understand relationships between them
- Retrieval practice: Actively recalling information from memory to strengthen learning and improve retention
- The teacher suggests that these strategies can be applied to any learning, including learning a new instrument or language
Tips for Using PowerPoint Effectively
- Use the "appear" animation to minimize distractions
- Avoid using too many animations or transitions
- Use short, concise text and avoid cluttered slides
- Use the "notes" section to provide additional information for teachers
- Inject personality into slides, but be careful not to distract from the learning
Recommended Resources
- Books:
- "Understanding How We Learn" by John Weinstein and Megan Sumaraki
- "Dual Coding with Teachers" by Oliver Caviglioli
- "Rosenstein's Principles in Action" by Oliver Caviglioli
- Blogs:
- John Kenny's blog
- Podcasts:
- The Education Research Reading Room podcast by Ollie Lavelle
Bentley West Primary School's Philosophy
- Schools exist to teach biologically secondary knowledge, which requires explicit guidance or teaching, unlike biologically primary knowledge which is innate.
- Examples of biologically secondary knowledge include reading, print systems, and languages.
Explicit Direct Instruction (EDI)
- EDI is a pedagogical model used at Bentley West Primary School, involving teacher-led instruction and constant checking for understanding.
- EDI ensures at least 80% mastery before moving to independent practice through skill closure.
Definition of Learning
- Learning is defined as the transfer to long-term memory, focusing on long-term retention rather than short-term performance.
Space Practice
- Spaced practice, also known as spaced repetition, involves studying regularly rather than cramming to retain information for longer periods and strengthen memories.
- Research shows that cramming may lead to short-term success, but spaced practice leads to better long-term retention.
Interleave Practice
- Interleave practice involves studying a variety of topics in a single study session, strengthening memories and promoting better retention.
- Interleave practice helps to minimize the negative effects of cramming.
Retrieval Practice
- Retrieval practice involves bringing information from long-term memory to working memory, strengthening memories and making them more durable.
- Retrieval practice can take many forms, including daily reviews, quizzes, and diagram labeling.
Daily Reviews
- Daily reviews are short, regular sessions that cover a wide range of topics, incorporating spaced practice, interleaved practice, and retrieval practice.
- Daily reviews include short explanations, embedded differentiation, and a quick pace.
Planning for Daily Reviews
- Teachers plan and create lessons using EDI and adapt the slides for daily reviews.
- A spreadsheet is used to track what topics are in or out of the review and how long they have been out for.
Recite, Recall, Apply Framework
- The recite stage involves students reciting information.
- The recall stage involves students remembering information and responding orally.
- The apply stage involves students using the information to answer independent questions.
Teaching Strategies for Effective Learning
- The teacher uses a "recite, recall, apply" approach to teach students, structuring daily review slides accordingly.
- The teacher minimizes cognitive overload by using simple animations and transitions, avoiding cluttered slides, and using short, concise text.
The Power of Spaced, Interleaved, and Retrieval Practice
- Spaced practice breaks learning into shorter sessions with breaks in between to retain information for longer periods.
- Interleave practice strengthens memories and promotes better retention by studying a variety of topics in one session.
- Retrieval practice strengthens memories and makes them more durable by bringing information from long-term memory to working memory.
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Description
Learn about David Maconis' teaching methods, including spaced interleave and retrieval practice, to help students retain information. Discover Bentley West Primary School's philosophy on teaching biologically secondary knowledge.
