Teaching Science in Elementary Grades - BEEDMC 402

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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of scientific inquiry that involves questioning existing knowledge and seeking evidence to support or refute it?

  • Skepticism (correct)
  • Persistence
  • Freedom to think originally
  • Cooperation

Which of the following is NOT a core idea or principle that falls under the body of scientific knowledge?

  • Cooperation
  • Freedom to think originally (correct)
  • Skepticism
  • Persistence

Which of the following inquiry process skills is primarily focused on gathering information through observation and measurement?

  • Observing (correct)
  • Modeling
  • Questioning
  • Hypothesizing

Which of the following is NOT a key element of scientific inquiry?

<p>Scientific thinking is an essential element for making sense of the world. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of the inquiry process skill 'Interpreting data'?

<p>Analyzing the results of an experiment to draw conclusions about the effect of fertilizer on plant height. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following values or attitudes is crucial for scientists to be able to accept feedback and improve their work?

<p>Ability to criticize (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'mental models' as it relates to scientific thinking?

<p>Internal representations of how systems work, created in the mind to understand complex interactions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of great thinkers like Einstein and da Vinci, as described in the content?

<p>They have the ability to create and maintain complex mental models of systems and imagine how variables interact. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a domain of the 'science and engineering practices' framework discussed in the text?

<p>Social Sciences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of the 'crosscutting concepts' approach to science education?

<p>It helps students make connections across different disciplines. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a crosscutting concept mentioned in the text?

<p>Cognitive Development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main point of the quote by Cardinal Wolsey, “Be very, very careful what you put into that head, because you will never, ever get it out.”, as it relates to teaching science?

<p>Teachers should be selective about the information they present to students, as it can have a lasting impact. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has recent research revealed about how children learn science?

<p>Children learn science best through hands-on experimentation and exploration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a teaching strategy that promotes scientific thinking?

<p>Providing students with a list of facts and definitions to memorize. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for teachers to understand how children learn science?

<p>To create engaging and effective learning experiences that promote scientific thinking. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can teachers promote scientific thinking in the classroom?

<p>By providing students with opportunities to explore, experiment, and solve problems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the National Academies of Science, what is a key principle in understanding how students learn science?

<p>Students' prior knowledge and understanding of the world influence their learning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in focus between Piaget's and Bruner's theories?

<p>Piaget focused on cognitive development while Bruner emphasized teaching and learning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key message conveyed by Carl Wieman's statement about learning?

<p>Students learn most effectively by engaging in deep thinking about the subject matter. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the "metacognitive" approach to instruction?

<p>It helps students understand the process of learning by becoming more aware of their own thinking and learning strategies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the National Academies of Science, what is crucial for developing competence in an area of inquiry?

<p>Understanding factual knowledge, its context, and organizing it for application. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main implication of understanding students' preconceptions about how the world works?

<p>It is essential to engage with students' preconceptions to avoid them clinging to misconceptions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the "nature of science" concept?

<p>Science is a process of inquiry that involves values and beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Bruner's suggestion regarding developmental stages in learning?

<p>Any subject can be taught appropriately for the developmental level of the learner. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key term identified in the provided definition of science?

<p>Hypothesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of science?

<p>To explain the natural world (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements BEST describes the nature of science?

<p>Science is a process of discovery and exploration that is constantly evolving. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text mentions that science is a "systematic" process. What does this mean?

<p>Science follows a set of established methods and procedures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic that distinguishes science as an active process?

<p>Science is constantly evolving and seeking new knowledge and understanding. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key component of the provided definition of science?

<p>Science is based solely on experimental evidence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements aligns with Carl Sagan's perspective on science?

<p>Science is a way of questioning and exploring the universe with awareness of human limitations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of how science is a 'way of knowing'?

<p>A student designing an experiment to test the effect of fertilizer on plant growth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of integrating science practices, disciplinary core ideas, and crosscutting concepts in instruction?

<p>To help students make sense of phenomena and develop solutions to problems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a science practice identified in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)?

<p>Identifying and controlling variables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take to develop habits of mind related to scientific thinking?

<p>Years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three dimensions of the Next Generation Science Standards?

<p>Science practices, disciplinary core ideas, and crosscutting concepts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of the text?

<p>Science practices, disciplinary core ideas, and crosscutting concepts are crucial for effective science education. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT mentioned as a science practice in the NGSS framework ?

<p>Conducting experiments and drawing conclusions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to teach students about the science practices?

<p>To help them understand how scientists work and think. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do science practices, disciplinary core ideas, and crosscutting concepts work together in three-dimensional instruction?

<p>They are integrated to help students make sense of phenomena and develop solutions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which value of science is most closely associated with the ongoing process of refining scientific knowledge?

<p>Skepticism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why scientific investigations use a variety of methods?

<p>To explore different aspects of a phenomenon, leading to a more comprehensive understanding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which value of science is best demonstrated by a scientist who challenges a well-established theory?

<p>Skepticism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand the nature of science for high school graduates?

<p>To become better informed citizens who can critically evaluate scientific claims. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies 'science as a human endeavor'?

<p>The collaboration of scientists from different disciplines. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between 'scientific knowledge is open to revision' and 'science is a way of knowing'?

<p>The former is a consequence of the latter, as new evidence can change what we understand about the world. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the value of 'order' contribute to the scientific process?

<p>It ensures that scientific investigations follow a systematic and organized approach. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which value of science is most directly linked to the need for empirical evidence?

<p>Truth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Definition of Science

Science is a way of thinking and understanding the universe.

Science as a Process

Science involves practical activities and the pursuit of knowledge.

Science as a Way of Knowing

Science helps explain and understand the natural world.

Science is Systematic

It uses methods to seek explanations and make sense of the world.

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Science as Knowledge

It includes principles, laws, and theories that explain the universe.

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Carl Sagan's View

Science involves skeptical interrogation of the universe.

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Active Nature of Science

Science is an active pursuit, not passive acceptance.

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Next Generation Science Standards

These standards describe the purpose and dimensions of science education.

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Science

An endeavor that seeks knowledge through evidence and logic.

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Body of Knowledge

A collection of established facts and concepts in science, like energy and matter changes.

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Inquiry Process Skills

Skills used in scientific inquiry such as questioning, observing, and measuring.

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Skepticism

An attitude of doubting the validity of accepted conclusions in science.

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Persistence

The quality of continuing to search for evidence or explanations despite challenges.

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Scientific Thinking

The process of using logical reasoning and mental models to understand complexities.

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Values in Scientific Inquiry

Important attitudes like criticism, cooperation, and curiosity in science.

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Great Thinkers

Influential figures like Einstein and da Vinci who created complex mental models in science.

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Piaget's Stages

Cognitive development characterized by sequential schemas.

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Bruner's Discovery Learning

Learning that emphasizes individual discovery and construction of knowledge.

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Preconceptions in Learning

Students enter classrooms with existing beliefs that affect new learning.

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Deep Knowledge Foundation

To be competent, students need deep factual knowledge and contextual understanding.

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Organizing Knowledge

Knowledge should be organized to assist in retrieval and application.

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Metacognitive Approach

A method that helps students control their learning by setting and monitoring goals.

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Nature of Science

The values and beliefs regarding how science operates and is understood.

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Effective Teaching Principles

Teaching should engage students in deep thinking and guide their understanding.

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Crosscutting Concepts

Ideas that help students connect different science disciplines and organize concepts.

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Patterns in Science

Recurring sequences or trends used to analyze data and make predictions.

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Cause and Effect

Understanding how one event leads to another in scientific inquiry.

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Energy and Matter

Concepts related to how energy moves and affects matter in physical systems.

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Structure and Function

The relationship between an object's form and its purpose in science.

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Stability and Change

The principles that describe how systems maintain equilibrium or undergo transformation.

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Learning Science through Engagement

Active participation and curiosity lead to deeper understanding of scientific concepts.

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Empirical Evidence

Scientific knowledge relies on data obtained through observation and experimentation.

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Science and Revision

Scientific knowledge can change when new evidence emerges.

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Scientific Models

These explain natural phenomena and help predict outcomes.

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Scientific Values

Truth, freedom, skepticism, order, and originality guide scientific inquiry.

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Order in Science

Science follows systematic approaches to study phenomena.

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Cognitive Skills

Skills necessary for thinking, understanding, and reasoning.

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Skepticism in Science

A critical questioning attitude towards accepted science conclusions.

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Freedom in Thought

Science promotes independent and creative thinking when exploring questions.

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Habits of Mind

Patterns of thinking that promote problem-solving and critical thinking.

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Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

Standards outlining essential science practices, core ideas, and concepts.

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Science Practices

The skills and knowledge used by scientists to conduct research.

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Three-Dimensional Instruction

Instruction combining science practices, core ideas, and crosscutting concepts.

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Disciplinary Core Ideas

Fundamental concepts in science that support principles and theories.

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Engaging in Argument from Evidence

Using data to support claims and reason through scientific discussions.

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Study Notes

Teaching Science in Elementary Grades (BEEDMC 402)

  • Course: BEEDMC 402

  • Module: Prelim

  • Topic: Strategies and Techniques - Inquiry: The Path; Discovery: The Destination

  • Lesson 1: Strategies and Techniques – Inquiry: The Path; Discovery: The Destination

    • I. Science: What is it, really?

      • Science is a way of thinking, a process of questioning and understanding the natural world.
      • Key aspects include: a process, a way of knowing, systematic, knowledge (principles, laws, theories).
      • Science is active, seeking explanations based on evidence and logic.
      • It involves a systematic search using various strategies.

    • II. How Children Learn Science:

      • Children have prior knowledge and preconceptions about how the world works.
      • Engaging these initial ideas is crucial for learning new concepts.
      • Learning science involves creating mental models, and understanding how ideas connect.
      • It is a process of building knowledge and understanding.

    • III. Connecting Technology in Your Teaching:

      • Technology can be used to support learning and understanding.
      • The course objectives focus on developing a definition of science.
      • Describing the relationship between research on learning science and teaching science practices
      • Describing the purpose of the next generation’s science standards.

  • Objectives

    • Define science
    • Explain how research on science informs teaching.
    • Describe the next generation science standards

  • Activity 1: Expand understanding of science, using a word web.

  • Table 1.1: Examples of Science as a body of knowledge, as a process, and a values.

  • Thinking: Define scientific thinking

  • Science Practices and Dimensions:

    • Highlight the next generation science standards
    • Discuss the science practices.
    • Describe the core ideas
    • Identify crosscutting concepts

  • Assessment:

    • Reflect on understanding of science and scientists' roles.
    • Reflect on experience in science classes, identify positive and negative experiences.

  • Activity 2:

    • Describe how to promote scientific thinking in the classroom.
    • Analyze a quote about education relevant to the topic.
    • Conduct interviews with local elementary school teachers to learn about their views on science, student thinking, and pedagogy.

  • Discussion:

    • Rethink traditional views of how children learn science, referencing Piaget and Bruner.
    • Learn about three-dimensional instruction.
    • Understand how students develop competence in science.
    • Understand that students come to school with prior preconceptions about the world.
    • Learning is a process of creating understandings relevant to the topic.

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