Teaching Reading in ESL/EFL Classrooms

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following reading sub-skills involves understanding the text's structure and meaning by recognizing features such as headings, bullet points, and captions?

  • Scanning
  • Vocabulary analysis
  • Recognition of text features (correct)
  • Skimming

Scanning is a reading sub-skill primarily focused on speed, aiming to quickly find specific pieces of information.

True (A)

What is the difference between 'inference' and 'deduction' as reading sub-skills?

Inference involves deriving meaning from a text based on clues and evidence, while deduction uses logic and reasoning to arrive at a conclusion.

___ involves forming assumptions about the text's themes, content, or style based on prior knowledge or textual analysis.

<p>Prediction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the reading sub-skills with their primary focus:

<p>Skimming = Getting a general idea of the text's content Scanning = Locating specific information in a text Reading for Details = Thorough comprehension of a text's details Critical Reading = Analyzing the author's intent and arguments Evaluative Reading = Judging the text's quality, relevance, and authenticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a pre-reading strategy?

<p>Summarizing the text (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intensive reading involves reading quickly to get the main idea.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the post-reading stage?

<p>The post-reading stage is to reflect on the text and interact with it to fully comprehend it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

_________ reading is a quick reading strategy used to locate specific information.

<p>Scanning</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the reading stage with its corresponding strategy.

<p>Pre-reading = Summarizing Reading = Intensive Reading Post-reading = Activating Prior Knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these strategies helps students connect the text to their personal experiences and the world around them?

<p>Making connections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reading sub-skills are only important for native English speakers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of teaching reading in an ESL/EFL classroom?

<p>The main purpose is to develop effective language acquisition and language competence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Receptive Skills Framework for Reading is divided into three main blocks: ______, while-reading, and post-reading.

<p>pre-reading</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a pre-reading activity?

<p>Scanning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pre-teaching vocabulary is an optional stage in the pre-reading block.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reading sub-skills focuses on understanding the main idea of a text?

<p>Reading for Gist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of post-reading activities?

<p>To turn comprehension into production and explore linguistic features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The post-reading block can include a writing task, a speaking task, or a language analysis task, or any combination of these.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two examples of techniques that can be used in the 'Leading' stage of pre-reading?

<p>Quotes, pictures, videos, or questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Skimming

A quick reading skill to grasp the general idea of a text.

Scanning

A quick method to locate specific information or details in a text.

Inference

Deriving meaning based on knowledge combined with text evidence.

Critical reading

Analyzing a text to understand the author's purpose and arguments.

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Vocabulary analysis

Breaking down unfamiliar words by examining roots, prefixes, and suffixes to find meanings.

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Pre-reading Stage

The initial phase where teachers prepare students' background knowledge and vocabulary before reading a text.

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Activating Prior Knowledge

Connecting students' existing knowledge with the new text to enhance comprehension.

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Previewing the Text

Introducing title, images, and captions to pique interest before reading.

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Pre-teaching Vocabulary

Providing essential or difficult vocabulary before reading to aid understanding.

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Reading Stage

The phase where students read the text using various strategies to understand it.

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Post-reading Stage

The concluding phase where students reflect on the text and engage with it meaningfully.

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Summarising

The act of expressing the main ideas or themes from the text after reading.

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Leading

An essential pre-reading stage to attract attention using multimedia.

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Context Setting

Clarifying the specific context of the reading, from general to specific questions.

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Text Previewing

An optional pre-reading activity to examine text layout and elements.

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Prediction

Encouraging students to guess the content based on text previewing.

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Reading for Details

Intensive reading focused on understanding specific information.

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Guessing Words from Context

Using surrounding text clues to understand unfamiliar words.

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Writing Task

A post-reading activity where students write about their reading comprehension.

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Language Analysis Task

Analyzing linguistic features of the text in a post-reading activity.

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Study Notes

Teaching Reading in ESL/EFL Classrooms

  • Reading instruction involves pre-reading, while-reading, and post-reading stages.

  • Pre-reading: Activates prior knowledge, previews the text, pre-teaches vocabulary, and creates context.

    • Techniques:
      • Leading (attracting attention via quotes, pictures, videos, or questions.)
      • Context-setting (moving from general to specific text-related questions.)
    • Optional:
      • Text previewing (examining layout, pictures, title, headings.)
      • Prediction (guessing text content from the preview.)
      • Pre-teaching vocabulary (introducing challenging words.)

  • While-reading: Develops reading sub-skills during comprehension.

    • Sub-skills:
      • Reading for gist (skimming)
      • Scanning (locating details)
      • Reading for details (intensive reading)
      • Guessing words from context
      • Understanding opinion and attitude

  • Post-reading: Turns comprehension into production.

    • Activities:
      • Writing task
      • Speaking task
      • Language analysis task

Reading Sub-Skills

  • Skimming: Quickly reading for general understanding.
  • Scanning: Quickly locating specific details.
  • Reading for Details: Thorough reading, often in shorter texts.
  • Prediction: Making assumptions about the text.
  • Inference: Deriving meaning based on evidence.
  • Deduction: Using logic to reach conclusions.
  • Recognition of Text Features: Identifying headings, subtitles.
  • Vocabulary Analysis: Understanding unfamiliar words, prefixes, suffixes.
  • Skilled Reading of Illusions: Interpreting data, ideas, perspectives. (Alternative phrasing: critically evaluating information/arguments)
  • Critical Reading: Analyzing author's purpose and viewpoints.
  • Evaluative Reading: Judging text quality, relevance, and accuracy.

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