TCP Connection Termination
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Questions and Answers

What does the client send to the server to initiate the connection termination process?

A FIN segment with the FIN bit set to 1.

What state does the server enter after receiving the FIN segment from the client?

CLOSE_WAIT state.

What state does the client enter after receiving the acknowledgement from the server?

FIN_WAIT_2 state.

What does the server send to the client to terminate the connection?

<p>A FIN segment with the FIN bit set to 1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What state does the client enter after sending an acknowledgement to the server?

<p>TIME_WAIT state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five primary areas of functionality addressed by the services and information objects at the application layer in DICOM?

<p>Transmission and persistence of complete objects, query and retrieval of such objects, performance of specific actions, workflow management, and quality and consistency of image appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of negotiation in DICOM's network protocol?

<p>To permit peers to agree on the functions to be performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many data types are defined in DICOM, and what compression algorithm is used in message encoding?

<p>24 data types, and JPEG compression (with 17 variants)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the UID mechanism in DICOM?

<p>To provide a robust unique identifier mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of service classes in DICOM?

<p>To define classes of service for specific applications, such as image management and printing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the data dictionary in DICOM?

<p>To include a large number of new data elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the N-EVENT-REPORT service in DICOM?

<p>To report an event about a SOP Instance to a DIMSE-service-user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the N-GET service in DICOM?

<p>To request the retrieval of information from a DIMSE-service-user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the DICOM file header?

<p>To store information about the patient's name, the type of scan, image dimensions, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Service Class User/Provider (SCU/SCP) in DICOM?

<p>To facilitate communication between devices in a DICOM network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Unique IDentifier (UID) in DICOM?

<p>To uniquely identify a DICOM object or instance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Transfer Syntax in DICOM?

<p>It defines the rules for encoding and decoding DICOM data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the format of the Patient Date of Birth in DICOM?

<p>The format is an 8 characters string following the format YYYYMMDD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Explicit VR and Implicit VR in DICOM?

<p>Explicit VR means the VR is sent in the DICOM Message, while Implicit VR means no VR is sent and the product must use its own internal dictionary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many basic data types are defined in the DICOM standard?

<p>There are 27 basic data types, known as Value Representations (VRs).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Value Representations (VRs) in DICOM?

<p>VRs are used to encapsulate all possible clinical data types, each with its own abbreviated two-letter name, definition, and data length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information is defined for each Value Representation (VR) in DICOM?

<p>Each VR has its own abbreviated two-letter name, a definition of what it represents, a description of what characters are allowed in its data, and a prescribed data length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Value Representations (VRs) identified in DICOM?

<p>VRs are identified with two capital letters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary unit of DICOM that everything is based on?

<p>SOP classes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories of DIMSEs?

<p>Operations and notifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of DIMSEs used for composite and normalized information objects?

<p>11</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed by combining service classes and information objects?

<p>SOP</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DICOM service classes?

<p>To build complex services</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine?

<p>DICOM</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

DICOM Service Classes

  • Composite and normalized services are built using DICOM message service elements (DIMSEs)
  • There are 5 DIMSEs for composite information objects (DIMSE-C) and 6 for normalized information objects (DIMSE-N)
  • Two categories of DIMSEs: operations (e.g. "store") and notifications (e.g. "event report")

DICOM Service-Object Pair (SOP)

  • The service classes and information objects are combined to form SOP
  • The SOP class is the elemental unit of DICOM
  • Everything that DICOM does is based on the use of SOP classes

DIMSE-N Services

  • N-EVENT-REPORT service: report an event about a SOP Instance to a DIMSE-service-user
  • N-GET service: request the retrieval of information from a DIMSE-service-user
  • N-SET service: request the modification of information by a DIMSE-service-user
  • N-ACTION service: request a DIMSE-service-user to perform an action
  • N-CREATE service: request a DIMSE-service-user to create an instance of a information object
  • N-DELETE service: request a DIMSE-service-user to delete an instance of a information object

DICOM Terminology

  • DICOM File Format: Information Object Definition (IODs)
  • Application Entity Title (AE Title)
  • Service Class User/Provider (SCU/SCP)
  • Unique IDentifier (UID)
  • Transfer Syntax
  • Value Representations (VR)

DICOM File Format

  • A single DICOM file contains:
    • A header (stores information about the patient's name, the type of scan, image dimensions, etc)
    • Image data (in uncompressed or compressed form)

DICOM Technology Overview

  • The services and information objects address five primary areas of functionality:
    • Transmission and persistence of complete objects
    • Query and retrieval of such objects
    • Performance of specific actions
    • Workflow management
    • Quality and consistency of image appearance

DICOM Features

  • Network protocol: DICOM incorporates negotiation to permit peers to agree on the functions to be performed
  • Message encoding: DICOM defines 24 data types and supports multiple character repertories
  • Object data model: DICOM is based on a completely specified data model
  • Data dictionary: DICOM includes a large number of new data elements
  • Service classes: DICOM defines classes of service for specific applications and conformance levels

Value Representations (VR)

  • VR is a 2-letter code that describes the type and format of the information sent in a DICOM Data Element
  • Explicit VR: the VR is sent in the DICOM Message
  • Implicit VR: no VR is sent in the message, and the product uses its own internal dictionary
  • DICOM standard defines 27 basic data types, known as value representations (VRs)

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Description

Learn about the steps involved in terminating a TCP connection, including the FIN segment, acknowledgements, and state transitions. Understand how the client and server communicate to close the connection.

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