Talambuhay ni Jose Rizal Quiz: Buong Detalye ng Buhay ni Rizal

Study Notes

Rizal

José Rizal is widely regarded as the Philippines' national hero. Born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna, he was the second of five children born to Francisco Mercado Rizal y Alonso and Teodora Alonzo del Pilar. His father was a wealthy landowner from the town of Lolo Saavedra in Segovia, Ilocos Sur, while his mother was a mestiza from Binan, Laguna.

Rizal studied medicine and philosophy in Spain, where he became involved with various revolutionary societies advocating Philippine independence from Spanish colonial rule. He wrote novels such as "Noli Me Tangere," which critiqued the abuses committed by the Spanish friars and their political allies, and "El Filibusterismo," its sequel, which further elaborated on the themes of "Noli Me Tangere." These novels were published in the 1890s and sparked a wave of revolution against Spanish colonialism.

Rizal was also a prolific journalist whose writings frequently appeared in various Spanish newspapers. In 1887, he published "La Solana de las Rosas," a novel about rebellion against authority.

Upon returning to Manila in 1892 after a brief exile in Hong Kong, Rizal helped found the Liga Filipina, which aimed to achieve independence through peaceful means. However, the Liga proved unsuccessful due to a lack of support, and many members joined more radical groups like the Katipunan, which called for armed revolt.

On December 29, 1896, Rizal was captured in Calamba, and was subsequently sentenced to death for sedition and rebellion. He was executed by firing squad in Bagumbayan, now Rizal Park, on December 30, 1896.

Rizal's life and works have had a profound impact on the Philippines. His novels, which often criticized Spanish colonialism, provided a philosophical, intellectual, and literary perspective on the struggle for independence. His execution galvanized the Philippine revolutionary movement and solidified his place as the country's national hero.

Today, Rizal's legacy is commemorated through various monuments and memorials, including the Rizal Monument, the Rizal Park, and the Rizal Day, which is celebrated on December 30.