Take the Inflammation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is acute inflammation?

  • An immediate and early response to tissue injury (correct)
  • A delayed response to tissue injury
  • A response to chronic tissue injury
  • A response to bacterial invasion

    • What are the signs of acute inflammation?

  • Warmth and redness of the tissue (correct)
  • Decreased vascular permeability
  • Coolness and blueness of the tissue
  • Decreased blood flow and vasoconstriction

    • What is phagocytosis?

  • The process of migration of leukocytes by chemotaxis
  • The process of leukocytes leaving the vascular lumen to the extravascular space
  • The process of ingestion of particulate material by phagocytic cells (correct)
  • The process of cytokines causing endothelial cell junction retraction

    • What are the three main components of a cell?

    <p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury?

    <p>Reversible cell injury can be repaired, while irreversible cell injury cannot be repaired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury called?

    <p>Hemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of hemostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause coagulopathy?

    <p>Deficiencies in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for plasma pH?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is buffering?

    <p>A chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three lines of buffering?

    <p>Bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate, hemoglobin, and respiratory and renal acid-base control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is metabolic acidosis?

    <p>An acid-base imbalance caused by increased acid levels or decreased base levels due to metabolic processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is metabolic alkalosis?

    <p>An acid-base imbalance caused by increased base levels or decreased acid levels due to metabolic processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is respiratory acidosis?

    <p>An acid-base imbalance caused by increased acid levels or decreased base levels due to respiratory processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is respiratory alkalosis?

    <p>An acid-base imbalance caused by increased base levels or decreased acid levels due to respiratory processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main components of a cell?

    <p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury?

    <p>Reversible injury can be repaired, while irreversible injury cannot be repaired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of cell injury?

    <p>Damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is apoptosis?

    <p>Programmed cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hemostasis?

    <p>The process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of hemostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause coagulopathy?

    <p>Deficiencies in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for plasma pH?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is buffering?

    <p>A chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three lines of buffering?

    <p>Bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate, hemoglobin, and respiratory and renal acid-base control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four basic types of imbalance in acid-base balance?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between acidosis and alkalosis?

    <p>Acidosis indicates an abnormal low pH, while alkalosis indicates an abnormal high pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of cell injury?

    <p>Reversible and irreversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is programmed cell death called?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of hemostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, coagulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is coagulopathy?

    <p>A deficiency in platelets or clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of plasma pH?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma called?

    <p>Buffering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four basic types of acid-base imbalance?

    <p>Respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of cell injury?

    <p>Damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause cell damage that leads to lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage?

    <p>Free radicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of necrosis?

    <p>Coagulative, liquifaction, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors responsible for hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three components of the cell structure?

    <p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of cell injury?

    <p>Reversible and irreversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes cell injury?

    <p>Either hypoxia or aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of cell injury?

    <p>Damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of necrosis?

    <p>Coagulative, liquifaction, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is apoptosis?

    <p>Programmed cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hemostasis?

    <p>The process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors responsible for hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of hemostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is coagulopathy?

    <p>A condition where blood does not clot enough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal plasma pH?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cell is the basic unit of the body's structure and function.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The structure of the cell includes the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cell injury can only occur when exposed to severe stress that disrupts cellular components.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There are two types of cell injury: reversible and irreversible.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Free radicals can cause cell damage by leading to lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Necrosis is not a type of cell injury.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hemostasis is the process of keeping blood clot-free and preventing clot formation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Factors responsible for hemostasis include vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coagulopathy can occur due to deficiencies in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The normal plasma pH range is 7.35-7.45.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Buffering is a chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There are five basic types of imbalance in acid-base balance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components of the cell?

    <p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury?

    <p>Reversible injury can be repaired, while irreversible injury cannot be repaired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of cell injury?

    <p>Damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is apoptosis?

    <p>Programmed cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hemostasis?

    <p>The process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors responsible for hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of hemostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is coagulopathy?

    <p>A disorder of blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal plasma pH range?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of buffering?

    <p>To correct any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four basic types of acid-base imbalance?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic structural and functional unit of the body?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three components of the cell structure?

    <p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury?

    <p>Reversible injury can be repaired, while irreversible injury leads to cell death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the mechanisms of cell injury?

    <p>Damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, and synthesis of enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause cell damage?

    <p>Lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necrosis?

    <p>Death of cells due to injury or disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is apoptosis?

    <p>Programmed cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hemostasis?

    <p>The process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors responsible for hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of hemostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is coagulopathy?

    <p>Deficiency in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for plasma pH?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Injury, Hemostasis, and Acid-Base Balance

    Cell Injury:

    • Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the body.
    • Structure of the cell includes plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
    • Cell injury can occur when exposed to severe stress that disrupts cellular components.
    • Types of cell injury include reversible and irreversible, with causes ranging from hypoxia to aging.
    • Mechanisms of cell injury include damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus.
    • Free radicals can also cause cell damage, leading to lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage.
    • Types of necrosis include coagulative, liquifaction, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid.
    • Apoptosis is programmed cell death and is important in destroying cells infected with viruses, damaged DNA, or cancer cells.

    Hemostasis:

    • Hemostasis is the process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury.
    • Factors responsible for hemostasis include vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system.
    • Stages of hemostasis include vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood.
    • Coagulopathy can occur due to deficiencies in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects.

    Acid-Base Balance:

    • Normal plasma pH is 7.35-7.45, with acidosis indicating an abnormal low pH and alkalosis indicating an abnormal high pH.
    • Buffering is a chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma.
    • The three lines of buffering include bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate, hemoglobin, and respiratory and renal acid-base control.
    • Four basic types of imbalance include metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis.

    Cell Injury, Hemostasis, and Acid-Base Balance

    Cell Injury:

    • Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the body.
    • Structure of the cell includes plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
    • Cell injury can occur when exposed to severe stress that disrupts cellular components.
    • Types of cell injury include reversible and irreversible, with causes ranging from hypoxia to aging.
    • Mechanisms of cell injury include damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus.
    • Free radicals can also cause cell damage, leading to lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage.
    • Types of necrosis include coagulative, liquifaction, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid.
    • Apoptosis is programmed cell death and is important in destroying cells infected with viruses, damaged DNA, or cancer cells.

    Hemostasis:

    • Hemostasis is the process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury.
    • Factors responsible for hemostasis include vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system.
    • Stages of hemostasis include vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood.
    • Coagulopathy can occur due to deficiencies in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects.

    Acid-Base Balance:

    • Normal plasma pH is 7.35-7.45, with acidosis indicating an abnormal low pH and alkalosis indicating an abnormal high pH.
    • Buffering is a chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma.
    • The three lines of buffering include bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate, hemoglobin, and respiratory and renal acid-base control.
    • Four basic types of imbalance include metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis.

    Cell Injury, Hemostasis, and Acid-Base Balance

    Cell Injury:

    • Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the body.
    • Structure of the cell includes plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
    • Cell injury can occur when exposed to severe stress that disrupts cellular components.
    • Types of cell injury include reversible and irreversible, with causes ranging from hypoxia to aging.
    • Mechanisms of cell injury include damage to cell membrane, aerobic respiration, synthesis of enzymes, and genetic apparatus.
    • Free radicals can also cause cell damage, leading to lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage.
    • Types of necrosis include coagulative, liquifaction, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid.
    • Apoptosis is programmed cell death and is important in destroying cells infected with viruses, damaged DNA, or cancer cells.

    Hemostasis:

    • Hemostasis is the process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury.
    • Factors responsible for hemostasis include vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system.
    • Stages of hemostasis include vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and coagulation of blood.
    • Coagulopathy can occur due to deficiencies in platelets or clotting factors, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects.

    Acid-Base Balance:

    • Normal plasma pH is 7.35-7.45, with acidosis indicating an abnormal low pH and alkalosis indicating an abnormal high pH.
    • Buffering is a chemical system that corrects any change in hydrogen ion concentration in case of increased acid or increased base levels in the plasma.
    • The three lines of buffering include bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate, hemoglobin, and respiratory and renal acid-base control.
    • Four basic types of imbalance include metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis.

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    Test your knowledge on inflammation, the body's defense mechanism against foreign invaders and tissue injury. Learn about the differences between acute and chronic inflammation, and the two major components: vascular and cellular. Discover the vascular changes that occur during inflammation, including increased blood flow, vasodilation, and increased vascular permeability. Don't miss out on this opportunity to deepen your understanding of inflammation and its role in the body's immune response.

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