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Questions and Answers
Which was the first European group to encounter Native Americans in the year 1000?
Norsemen
How many Native Americans survived the first encounter with the Norsemen?
1
Where was Christopher Columbus originally headed?
Asia
The tactics employed against Native Americans by the British were based upon the tactics used to colonize which place?
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Because this group was Catholic and 'other', the British believed they had poor working habits, bad manners, and no sense of private property.
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No Irish could own __________, hold public office, or serve on a ____.
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English colonists were originally expected to educate and '________' the Native Americans.
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A group of Native Americans who lived in the Jamestown area and cultivated corn were called?
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Which crop led the people of Jamestown to steal even more land from the Powhatan people?
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In 1629, the goal of the English in Virginia was to '____ ___' the Natives from being any longer a people.
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Native American farmers on the East Coast grew?
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How much land in New England was good for farming?
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In order to justify taking land from Native Americans, the English claimed the Natives were?
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Which war nearly drove the English out of New England, but eventually ended when troops were sent in from England?
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Which religious figure did English ministers begin associating the Native Americans to?
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According to Takaki, ever since the arrival of the English, the Indians' story had been one of stolen land, sickness, ___________, suffering, and sadness.
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Which founding father told the Indians he wished to live in harmony while also stating privately that he would 'never cease pursuing them with war while one remained on the face of the Earth.'?
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Making Native Americans give up their customs, beliefs, traditions, and live like White Americans is called?
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Study Notes
European Encounters with Native Americans
- Norsemen were the first European group to encounter Native Americans, around the year 1000.
- Only one Native American survived the initial encounter with the Norsemen.
Christopher Columbus and His Journey
- Christopher Columbus was originally seeking a route to Asia.
Colonization Tactics
- British tactics against Native Americans, such as burning villages and indiscriminate killing, were learned from their colonization strategies in Ireland.
- The British viewed the Irish as inferior due to their Catholic faith and perceived poor work habits.
Discrimination Against the Irish
- Irish individuals were prohibited from owning property, holding public office, or serving on juries.
Colonist Attitudes Toward Native Americans
- English colonists believed they had a duty to educate and civilize Native Americans.
- Powhatans were a prominent Native American group in the Jamestown area, known for agriculture and crafts.
Impact of Tobacco on Land and Relationships
- The introduction of tobacco led English colonists to further encroach on Powhatan land.
- By 1629, English goals included the complete eradication of Native American presence.
Agriculture and Land Use
- Native American farmers in the East cultivated corn, beans, pumpkins, and chestnuts.
- Only 20% of land in New England was suitable for farming.
Justifications for Land Seizure
- English settlers justified land appropriation by labeling Native Americans as lazy.
Conflicts with Native Americans
- King Philip's War nearly expelled the English from New England but concluded with military intervention from England.
- English ministers associated Native Americans with the devil, increasing hostility.
Consequences of Colonization
- The historical narrative for Native Americans since English arrival has been marked by land theft, disease, starvation, suffering, and sadness.
Contradictory Statements by Founding Figures
- Thomas Jefferson publicly expressed a desire for harmony with Native Americans while privately committing to their destruction.
Assimilation Policies
- The process of forcing Native Americans to abandon their customs, beliefs, and traditions to adopt European ways is known as assimilation.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 2 from Takaki's work on the encounters between Europeans and Native Americans. This review focuses on key events, figures, and tactics that shaped early interactions in North America. Engage with flashcards that challenge your understanding of this critical period in history.
