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Questions and Answers

Which scenario best exemplifies someone acting as a buffoon?

  • A politician carefully negotiating a delicate international treaty.
  • A comedian telling jokes that are intentionally absurd and self-deprecating. (correct)
  • A surgeon performing a life-saving operation with precision and focus.
  • A professor delivering a complex lecture on astrophysics.

In what situation would someone be most likely to gravitate towards a particular activity?

  • Being forced to participate in a mandatory company training session.
  • Feeling obligated to attend a social event they dislike.
  • Reluctantly accepting a task assigned by a demanding supervisor.
  • Voluntarily joining a club that aligns with their personal hobbies. (correct)

Which of the following individuals would most likely be described as a sage?

  • A seasoned judge with decades of experience in legal matters. (correct)
  • An impulsive teenager making spontaneous decisions.
  • A reckless driver ignoring traffic laws.
  • A recent graduate starting their first job.

A group of teenagers want to sneak into a movie theater without paying. Which action would best represent a ruse to accomplish this?

<p>Wearing disguises and using fake IDs to appear older. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following demonstrates the act of flouting a rule?

<p>A citizen openly protesting a law they believe is unjust. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a company known for its environmentally damaging practices suddenly launches a large-scale advertising campaign emphasizing its commitment to sustainability, what might observers suspect?

<p>The company is using a <code>ruse</code> to improve its public image without making substantial changes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A celebrity is known for flouting social norms and behaving outrageously in public. However, they secretly donate large sums of money to charity and advocate for important causes. What does this scenario highlight?

<p>Appearances can be deceiving, and actions do not always reflect true character. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations involves a person using wisdom acquired through experience to guide others, acting as a sage?

<p>An experienced teacher mentoring a struggling student with personalized strategies based on years of observation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies the modern usage of the term 'plebeian'?

<p>An art critic dismissing a popular, low-brow sitcom. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following situations would the word 'skullduggery' be most appropriately used?

<p>Investigating a politician's involvement in a bribery scheme. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the closest synonym for 'plebeian', as the word is used today?

<p>Common (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best illustrates 'skullduggery' in a business context?

<p>Executives using offshore accounts to hide profits and evade taxes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the modern connotation of 'plebeian' differ from its original historical meaning?

<p>It now suggests a negative judgment of taste or quality, whereas it simply denoted common people. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the meaning of 'flout'?

<p>Publicly ridiculing a company's new policy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A child prodigy is showcasing a knowledge of quantum physics well beyond their years. Which of the following words best describes this child?

<p>Precocious (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A team is on the verge of a major breakthrough in cancer research. Which word best describes their position?

<p>Threshold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following situations would the word 'spurn' be most appropriate?

<p>Rejecting a marriage proposal with disdain. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A con artist uses deceptive tactics to swindle money from unsuspecting people, which of the following words best describes the con artist?

<p>Cunning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A store displays elaborate window decorations that are visually appealing but ultimately serve no practical purpose. Which of the following words best describes the decorations?

<p>Frippery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions demonstrates the meaning of 'repel'?

<p>Applying insect repellent to avoid mosquito bites. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A detective is able to quickly assess a crime scene and identify the key details, which word best describes the detective?

<p>Astute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A small chapel is erected to honor a local hero who died saving lives during a natural disaster; which nouns best describe it?

<p>Shrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation would most appropriately use the word 'flout'?

<p>Openly defying a school's dress code. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates someone behaving in a 'precocious' manner?

<p>A teenager earning a Ph.D. in astrophysics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context is the term 'threshold' used to indicate a limit rather than an entry point?

<p>The point at which pain becomes unbearable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the verb 'spurn' differ from other forms of rejection?

<p>It conveys a sense of contempt or disdain. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is 'cunning' most appropriately descriptive?

<p>Characterizing a plan that requires cleverness and deception. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If someone describes a room as full of 'frippery', what do they likely mean?

<p>The room contains many showy but ultimately valueless items. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the modern usage of the verb 'pillory'?

<p>A celebrity publicly apologizing after being caught in a scandal, facing severe criticism on social media. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A politician known for making misleading statements accuses a journalist of being 'forthright' in their reporting. What is the most likely reason for this accusation?

<p>The journalist's reporting is direct, clear, and exposes the truth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the historical meaning of 'larder' differ from its modern-day understanding?

<p>Historically, a larder was specifically for storing meats and cooking fats, while today it's a general food storage area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation exemplifies an 'insidious' problem?

<p>A computer virus that spreads slowly through a network, corrupting files over time without being immediately detected. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would be considered 'defacing' a historical monument?

<p>Carving graffiti into the monument's surface. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How could a company 'flaunt' its success in a way that might be perceived negatively?

<p>By excessively showcasing the lavish lifestyles of its executives while laying off employees. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might someone 'recoil' at the suggestion of trying a new exotic food?

<p>They have a strong aversion or fear related to the food's ingredients or appearance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates a 'luminary' from an ordinary person?

<p>A luminary is famous and often has an influential role in their field, inspiring others, where as another person does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals would most likely be described as 'genteel'?

<p>An elegant socialite known for their impeccable manners and refined taste. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a gun 'recoils' after being fired?

<p>The gun moves backwards due to the force of the shot. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company releases a new product with intentionally misleading advertisements. Which term best describes this marketing strategy?

<p>Insidious (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How could a piece of art such as a painting be 'defaced'?

<p>By covering it with graffiti. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario does NOT involve an example of 'recoil'?

<p>A car stopping suddenly on the highway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is something you might store in a 'larder'?

<p>Canned Vegetables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a synonym for 'Luminary'?

<p>Celebrity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation best exemplifies someone being 'beguiled'?

<p>A tourist is charmed into buying overpriced souvenirs by a charismatic vendor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context would the word 'compelling' be most appropriately used?

<p>Describing a politician's inspiring and convincing speech. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals would most likely be described as a 'tycoon'?

<p>A highly successful tech entrepreneur. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What scenario illustrates a 'shortfall'?

<p>A restaurant runs out of a key ingredient, limiting its menu options. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action exemplifies someone 'confronting' a difficult situation?

<p>Openly addressing a disagreement with a neighbor to find a resolution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What accomplishment would most likely lead to someone becoming 'renowned'?

<p>Discovering a groundbreaking solution to climate change. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior indicates a 'predilection' for a particular type of music?

<p>Actively seeking out and listening to a specific genre of music over others. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates the verb 'sway' in action?

<p>A tree bends back and forth in a strong wind. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is someone most likely to attempt to 'beguile' another person?

<p>When trying to persuade someone to invest in a risky business venture. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best example of someone being 'compelled' to act?

<p>Being motivated by strong emotions, such as fear, to run from danger. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation best illustrates the meaning of 'sway' as a controlling influence?

<p>The charismatic leader managed to sway public opinion in his favor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies a 'boisterous' environment?

<p>A group of friends engaged in a lively and laughter-filled game night. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action would a 'tycoon' most likely undertake?

<p>Negotiating a multi-billion dollar merger between two corporations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation exemplifies someone having a 'penchant' for a specific activity?

<p>Emily has a strong liking for solving complex puzzles and does it daily. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely consequence of a 'shortfall' in donations to a charity?

<p>The charity is forced to reduce its services and programs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most appropriate use of 'buttress' in a sentence?

<p>The author used extensive research to buttress the arguments in her book. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these responses is the best way to 'confront' a friend about a broken promise?

<p>Calmly and directly discussing your feelings about the broken promise with your friend. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements describes someone who is 'averse' to public speaking?

<p>They generally dislike and avoid situations that require them to speak publicly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which accomplishment would likely cause a scientist to become 'renowned'?

<p>Developing a revolutionary new medical treatment widely recognized for its effectiveness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations best represents the meaning of 'sway'?

<p>A politician convincing voters to support their policies through persuasive speeches. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would you most likely use the word 'outset'?

<p>Discussing the initial phase of a long-term project. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies the meaning of 'belaboring' a point?

<p>Dwelling on a minor detail repeatedly, even though it's already understood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation best describes a 'deficient' supply of resources?

<p>A hospital lacking the necessary medical equipment to treat patients. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a 'drove' in a figurative sense?

<p>A large crowd of enthusiastic fans rushing towards a concert venue. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event could be described as 'inaugurating' a new era for a company?

<p>The official launch of a groundbreaking new product line. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the meaning of 'sway' as 'controlling influence' differ from its meaning related to physical movement?

<p>The 'controlling influence' meaning refers to persuasion or dominance, while physical movement refers to a back-and-forth motion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can understanding someone's 'penchant' be useful in a professional setting?

<p>It can help in identifying someone's strengths, interests, and ideal tasks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a building's structure and the concept of 'buttressing' an argument?

<p>Both involve providing support and reinforcement, either physically or logically. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does 'belaboring' a point negatively affect communication?

<p>It can make communication confusing and can exhaust listeners. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'inauguration' relate to the idea of new beginnings and future possibilities?

<p>Inauguration establishes the foundation for subsequent progress and development. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best exemplifies a magnanimous act?

<p>After winning a debate, John acknowledged his opponent's valid points and praised their effort. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A local news channel reports a spate of burglaries in a usually quiet neighborhood. Which of the following situations would most accurately reflect the use of the word 'spate'?

<p>There has been a sudden increase in burglaries, with ten houses being targeted in the past week. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios depicts someone who is roistering?

<p>A boisterous crowd celebrating a sports victory with loud cheers and dancing in the streets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a convivial atmosphere?

<p>A lively party filled with laughter, music, and engaging conversations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A politician gains notoriety after being caught in a scandal. Which of the following headlines would most likely describe this situation?

<p>&quot;Politician's Scandalous Actions Draw Public Outrage&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would be considered an attempt to defame someone?

<p>Spreading false rumors about a colleague to damage their reputation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After a successful harvest, the farmer's barn was replete with grain. In this context, what does 'replete' suggest about the barn?

<p>The barn was completely filled and overflowing with grain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors is most characteristic of a glutton?

<p>Indulging in excessive amounts of food and drink. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A teacher decided to bolster a student's confidence before an important exam. Which action would best exemplify this?

<p>Providing encouragement, positive feedback, and strategies for managing test anxiety. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ancient Rome, the plebeians were known for which of the following characteristics?

<p>Being the common people, including farmers, artisans, and merchants. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would NOT typically be described as magnanimous?

<p>A company refuses to negotiate with striking workers, citing financial constraints. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A journalist reports that there has been a spate of positive economic news. What does this suggest about the economic news?

<p>There has been a sudden and large amount of positive economic news. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates roistering behavior?

<p>A team celebrating their championship win with a wild party. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which setting is most likely to foster a convivial atmosphere?

<p>A bustling outdoor festival with music and food. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A celebrity chef experiences notoriety after a public scandal. What is the likely impact on their career?

<p>They may face boycotts and a decline in endorsements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Buffoon

Someone whose ridiculous behavior amuses others; a clown or fool.

Gravitate

To move toward or be attracted to something, like gravity pulling objects.

Sage (person)

A wise and judicious person, often with experience in a particular field.

Sage (adj)

Having wisdom that comes with age and experience; wise.

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Ruse

A deceptive trick or maneuver used to get away with something.

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Flout

To openly disregard or show contempt for a rule or law.

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Precocious

Having skills or knowledge beyond one's years, especially at a young age.

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Threshold

A point of transition; can be a doorway or the start of something new, or a limit/boundary.

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Spurn

To reject with disdain or contempt.

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Cunning

Clever in a deceptive or tricky way.

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Frippery

Showy but trivial or worthless things; gaudy ornamentation.

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Repel

To drive back or force away; to cause disgust.

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Astute

Someone clever with good judgment.

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Shrine

A place where someone or something is commemorated. Often contains a relic or statue.

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Recoil

A backward movement, often from force; to draw back in fear or disgust.

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Insidious

Something that is harmful but initially unnoticed.

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Pillory

A device used for public punishment and humiliation; to criticize harshly.

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Genteel

High-class and refined, but sometimes used mockingly.

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Larder

A room or cabinet for food storage; a pantry.

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Deface

To damage or spoil the appearance of something.

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Forthright

Direct, clear, and straightforward in manner or speech.

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Luminary

A celebrity or well-known person who inspires others.

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Plebeian

Relating to the common people; possibly lacking refinement.

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Pleb

A member of the plebeian class.

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Skullduggery

Underhanded or unscrupulous behavior; a devious trick.

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Misrepresentation

Verbal misrepresentation intended to take advantage of you.

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Take Advantage Of

To take advantage of someone.

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Sway

Move back and forth or influence someone; also, a controlling influence.

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Boisterous

Spirited, loud, and slightly out of control; noisy and unrestrained.

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Penchant

A strong preference or tendency.

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Buttress

To support or reinforce; a structure that adds stability.

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Averse

Strongly opposed to something on moral, philosophical, or aesthetic grounds.

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Outset

The time at which something is supposed to begin.

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Belabor

To go at something with excessive detail; to attack verbally.

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Deficient

Not enough or not adequate; lacking some essential quality.

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Drove

A group of animals moving together; a moving crowd.

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Inaugurate

To start something, to give it a kickoff; to commence officially.

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Beguile

To charm or trick someone with flattery.

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Compelling

Attractive and convincing.

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Tycoon

A highly successful and powerful businessperson.

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Shortfall

An amount less than what is needed or expected.

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Confront

To face a challenge or to address someone about a wrongdoing.

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Renowned

Widely known and highly respected.

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Predilection

A preference or bias for something.

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Dissemble

To create a false image or impression.

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Dispense

To use one's power to punish or reward.

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Downtime

A temporary state of inactivity.

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Connoisseur

An expert in a field, especially in matters of taste or art.

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Deprecate

To express disapproval of.

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Detract

To take away from; reduce in value or reputation.

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Magnanimous

Having a generous and forgiving spirit; big-hearted.

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Spate

A sudden, large number or amount of something.

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Roister

To engage in noisy, lively merrymaking or celebration.

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Convivial

Friendly, lively, and enjoyable; fond of good company.

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Notoriety

Fame or reputation gained from negative actions or events.

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Replete

Filled to satisfaction; having plenty.

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Gluttony

Excessive and insatiable appetite for food or drink.

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Bolster

To support, strengthen, or reinforce.

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Glutton

A person who is devoted to eating and drinking to excess

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Replete

Filled to satisfaction with food or drink.

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Notoriety

The state of being known for unfavorable acts.

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Bolster

Prop up with a pillow or bolster

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Study Notes

  • These notes cover vocabulary words and their meanings.
  • Definitions, synonyms, and examples are provided to aid understanding.

Buffoon (n)

  • A buffoon is someone who is amusing because of ridiculous behavior.
  • Synonyms: clown, goof, goofball.
  • Can also refer to a rude or vulgar fool.

Gravitate (v)

  • To gravitate means to move toward or be attracted to something.
  • It can also relate to the physical pull of gravity.

Sage (n)(adj)

  • As a noun, sage refers to a wise and judicious person.
  • Can also refer to an aromatic plant.
  • As an adjective, it describes wisdom gained through age and experience.

Ruse (n)

  • A ruse is a deceptive maneuver or trick, used to avoid detection.
  • Synonyms: artifice, stratagem, maneuver.

Flout (v)

  • To flout means to openly scorn or show contempt for something.
  • Synonyms: scoff, jeer.

Precocious (adj)

  • Precocious describes someone showing skills or knowledge beyond their years, early development or maturity.
  • Often used for young people with adult-like qualities.
  • Synonyms: early.

Threshold (n)

  • A threshold is an entrance or a point of transition or beginning.
  • It can also be a limit or boundary.

Spurn (v)

  • To spurn means to reject something with disdain or contempt.
  • Synonyms: disdain, freeze off, reject.

Cunning (adj)(n)

  • Cunning means clever in a deceptive or tricky way.
  • Synonyms: crafty, wily, tricky.
  • Can also refer to skill in deception or craftiness.

Frippery (n)

  • Frippery refers to something showy but trivial or worthless.
  • Synonyms: frivolity.

Repel (v)

  • To repel means to drive away or cause aversion.
  • Can be used for physical repulsion or figurative disgust.
  • Synonyms: drive back, fight/beat off, repulse.

Astute (adj)

  • Astute means clever and having good judgment.
  • Synonyms: perceptive, discerning, savvy.

Shrine (n)

  • A shrine is a place of worship or commemoration for something sacred.
  • It can also mean to enclose in a shrine.

Recoil (v)(n)

  • As a verb, recoil means to spring back from force or to draw back in fear.
  • As a noun, it is a backward jerk or movement.
  • Synonyms: bounce, bound, rebound, cringe, flinch, kick.

Insidious (adj)

  • Insidious describes something subtly harmful, working in a hidden way.
  • Synonyms: dangerous, unsafe, pernicious.

Pillory (n)(v)

  • As a noun, a pillory is a device for public punishment and humiliation.
  • As a verb, it means to criticize harshly or expose to ridicule.
  • Synonyms: gibbet.

Flaunt (v)(n)

  • To flaunt means to display something proudly or show off ostentatiously.
  • Synonyms: flash.

Genteel (adj)

  • Genteel means refined and high-class, but is sometimes used mockingly.
  • Synonyms: civilized.

Larder (n)

  • A larder is a room or cabinet for storing food.
  • Synonyms: pantry.

Deface (v)

  • To deface means to spoil the appearance of something.

Forthright (adj)(adv)

  • Forthright means direct and clear in manner or speech.
  • Synonyms: blunt, candid, frank, squarely.

Luminary (n)

  • A luminary is a celebrity or well-known person who inspires others.
  • Synonyms: leading light, notability, notable.

Beguile (v)

  • To beguile means to charm or deceive someone, or to spend time pleasantly.
  • Synonyms: becharm, bewitch, captivate, capture, catch, charm, hoodwink, juggle.

Compelling (adj)

  • Compelling means persuasive, attractive, or irresistible.
  • Synonyms: absorbing, engrossing, persuasive, impactful, powerful.

Tycoon (n)

  • A tycoon is a wealthy and powerful businessperson.
  • Synonyms: baron, big businessman, business leader, king, magnate, mogul, power, top executive.

Shortfall (n)

  • A shortfall is a deficiency or a quantity that is less than expected.
  • Synonyms: deficit, shortage.

Confront (v)

  • To confront means to face a difficult situation or challenge someone about their behavior.
  • Synonyms: face.

Renowned (adj)

  • Renowned means famous and respected.
  • Synonyms: celebrated, famed.

Predilection (n)

  • A predilection is a preference or bias toward something.
  • Synonyms: orientation, preference, penchant, taste.

Sway (v)(n)

  • As a verb, sway means to move back and forth or to influence someone's opinion.
  • As a noun, it refers to a rocking motion or controlling influence.
  • Synonyms: rock, shake, carry, persuade, careen, tilt.

Boisterous (adj)

  • Boisterous describes someone loud, spirited, and unrestrained.
  • Synonyms: knockabout, rambunctious, fierce, rough.

Penchant (n)

  • A penchant is a strong liking or tendency.
  • Synonyms: predilection, preference, taste.

Buttress (n)(v)

  • As a noun, a buttress is a support for a wall or building.
  • As a verb, it means to strengthen or reinforce something.
  • Synonyms: reinforce.

Averse (adj)

  • To be averse to something means to be strongly opposed to it.
  • Synonyms: antipathetic, indisposed, loath, loth.

Outset (n)

  • The outset is the beginning or start of something.
  • Synonyms: beginning, commencement, start.

Belabor (v)

  • Belabor means to attack physically or verbally, or to dwell on something excessively.
  • Synoyms: belabor.

Deficient (adj)

  • Deficient means inadequate or not enough.
  • Synonyms: insufficient, inferior, substandard.

Drove (n)

  • A drove is a moving group of animals or people moving together.
  • Synonyms: horde, swarm.

Inaugurate (v)

  • Inaugurate means to start or commence something officially.
  • Synonyms: kick off, introduce, usher in.

Magnanimous (adj)

  • Magnanimous describes someone noble, generous, and forgiving.
  • Synonyms: greathearted, big, large.

Spate (n)

  • A spate is a large number or sudden outpouring of something.
  • Synonyms: rush, surge, upsurge.

Roister (v)

  • To roister means to engage in boisterous merrymaking.
  • Synonyms: carouse, riot.

Convivial (adj)

  • Convivial means fond of good company and lively festivities.

Notoriety (n)

  • Notoriety is fame for something bad or scandalous.
  • Synonyms: ill fame.

Defame (v)

  • To defame means to harm someone's reputation through gossip or lies.
  • Synonyms: denigrate, slander, smear.

Replete (adj)(v)

  • Replete means full or filled to satisfaction.
  • Synonyms: full, nourished, fill, sate, satiate.

Glutton (n)

  • A glutton is someone who eats or drinks excessively.

Bolster (v)(n)

  • As a verb, bolster means to support or strengthen.
  • As a noun, it is a long, cylindrical pillow.
  • Synonyms: bolster, support.

Plebeian (adj)(n)

  • Plebeian refers to the common people or something of a lower class.
  • Synonyms: common, unwashed, vulgar, pleb.

Skullduggery (n)

  • Skullduggery means underhanded or unscrupulous behavior.

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