Untitled Quiz

Western Expansion and Colonization

• Europe experienced a Renaissance and religious wars during this period
• European sailors explored new continents
• This expansion spurred the West to:
  • Seek gold, spices, and riches from the East
  • Achieve glory and prestige
  • Spread Christianity in new lands

16th Century Colonization

• Portugal and Spain led the way during this period
• Spain's conquest of the New World began after Columbus's discovery
• Spanish conquistadors and missionaries explored new territories
• The Spanish monarchy fostered exploration
  • Conquistadors exchanged the right to colonize with a 20% share of discovered treasure

The Philippines' Colonization

• The colonization of the Philippines was part of the Spanish (later American) effort to spread Christianity
• Spain (and later America) had a grand vision to Christianize the world
• The Spanish policy aimed to bring the Gospel to the farthest reaches
• Exploration and colonization of the Philippines was challenging and expensive
• The Philippines' destiny was sealed as the only Christian nation in Asia

Legazpi Expedition (1565)

• King Philip II instructed Miguel López de Legazpi, the conquistador, on the mission
• Initial instruction: "to inform the natives that the Spaniards had come not to harm to their person or to their property, but to explain to them the law of Jesus Christ by which they will be saved"
• Despite royal instructions, Legazpi and his troops fought battles against Filipinos
• Legazpi remained cautious in the use of force during the expedition with limited troop strength

Effect of the Bloody Fall of Cainta

• Salcedo's expedition subjugated the barangay kingdoms of Cainta and Taytay.
• Inhabitants of the barangays faced a choice: yield or fight the Spaniards
• Locals feared what happened in Cainta would happen to their barangays

The Fall of Laguna

• Salcedo's troops marched to Laguna with 25,000 people living in inhabited barangay kingdoms
• The chief of the largest barangay yielded without a fight to the Spanish forces
• The fall of Cainta greatly influenced other barangays to surrender

The Peaceful Fall of San Pablo

• Captain Salcedo met with a native man which informed his people that the Spaniards had come to conquer the barangays of Cainta, Taytay, and Bae.
• This prompted a peaceful surrender of towns
• Indigenous people accepted the Spaniards' rule peacefully

Sampalok as an Augustinian Mission

• Sampalok was a challenging mission site. Difficulty included language barriers and initial resistance from natives
• It took several years for Augustinians to establish themselves. Difficulty was due to lack of translators, few priests and the popularity of China
• The priests organized a Spanish colonial town in Laguna
• Initial approach was focused more on revitalization than trade

The Augustinians

• Augustinians were instrumental in furthering Christianity
• Led by Fray Andres Urdaneta, they founded 385 towns and converted 2 million souls
• They established missions, played a key role in education and served as missionaries in different areas

The Contributions of the Spanish Missionaries

• Spanish missionaries reached 12,000 and worked for 333 years in the Philippines.
• They played a key role in shaping the Philippines' development
• Their contributions included religion, education, economics and social improvements.
• Despite negative perceptions, accomplishments are significant.