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IPR Term 2 Week 6 - T-tests (Experiment week)

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Questions and Answers

A researcher aims to compare the effectiveness of two different teaching methods on student test scores. Which type of t-test is most appropriate to use?

Independent samples t-test (correct)
Correlation t-test
One-sample t-test
Paired-samples t-test

What is the primary purpose of using a t-test in statistical analysis?

To analyze the variance within a single group.
To determine the correlation between two variables.
To identify outliers in a dataset.
To compare the means of one or two groups. (correct)

In a paired-samples t-test, what type of data is being analyzed?

Data from a single group measured at two different time points. (correct)
Data from two independent groups.
Data from one group compared to a known population mean.
Data from multiple groups with different sample sizes.

A researcher wants to determine if the average score of their sample significantly differs from a known population average. Which type of t-test should they use?

One-sample t-test (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which assumption is critical for the validity of a parametric t-test but not necessarily for its non-parametric counterpart?

Normality of the data distribution. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of running Levene's test before conducting an independent samples t-test?

To assess the equality of variances between the two groups. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When interpreting the results of a t-test, what does the p-value represent?

The probability of observing the obtained results (or more extreme) if the null hypothesis is true. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A researcher conducts an independent samples t-test and obtains a significant p-value (p < 0.05). What can they conclude?

There is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a statistically significant difference between the means of the two groups. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In APA style, how should the degrees of freedom (df) be reported when presenting the results of a t-test?

In parentheses following the t-value (e.g., t(24) = 2.56, p < 0.05). (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of experimental design when choosing the correct t-test?

The experimental design dictates which t-test to use based on factors like independent vs related samples. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a t-test?

A statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups.

What is a one-sample t-test?

A t-test where data comes from one group.

What is an independent samples t-test?

A t-test that compares two independent groups.

What are paired samples t-tests?

T-tests where the same subjects are measured multiple times.

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Study Notes

This week will focus on gaining a clearer understanding of experimental design and t-tests, focusing on assumptions and running t-tests in JASP

Learning outcomes

Understand the purpose of t-tests and when to use them
Understand key differences between the different types of t-tests, including one-sample, independent, and between sample, as well as parametric and non-parametric versions
Calculate tests using JASP software
Interpret results following APA standards

Activities

Complete worksheet activities to understand experimental design and the types of t-tests to use
Activity Worksheet 3 has three example research scenarios and related datasets that can be used to determine and conduct the appropriate test
It is estimated that it will take 40 minutes on each worksheet
Next week will be on lab report writing and the release of the summative marking sheet

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