T Cytogenetics Comprehensive Reviewer 2021 Chapter 12 Quiz: Population Genetics
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Questions and Answers

What term describes the allele frequencies established by chance in a population initiated by a small number of individuals?

  • Natural selection
  • Founder effects (correct)
  • Genetic drift
  • Biased selection

In evolutionary terms, what does natural selection result from?

  • Random mutation events
  • Genetic drift in large populations
  • Differential reproduction based on differences in fitness (correct)
  • Uniform survival rates throughout a population

Which process occurs randomly through time and can lead to the loss of alleles in a population?

  • Stochastic process (correct)
  • Genetic recombination
  • Adaptive radiation
  • Genetic fixation

What is the term used to describe the differential survival and reproduction of genotypes due to factors like mutation and recombination?

<p>Selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of selection involves human actions on economically important plant or animal populations?

<p>Artificial selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the expected reproductive output over the lifetime of a genotype or phenotype?

<p>Fitness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In natural selection, what does 'most fit' refer to?

<p>Genotype or phenotype with higher average reproductive output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Fitness' in evolutionary biology is primarily a measure of what?

<p>'Relative survival and reproductive success' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Selectional mosaics' refer to organisms that exhibit what characteristic?

<p>'Differing adaptations in different body parts' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Viability' in measuring fitness relates to what aspect of an organism's life cycle?

<p>Probability of survival from egg to adult. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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