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Questions and Answers
What is a disadvantage of bus topology mentioned in the text?
How does a ring topology differ from a bus topology?
What happens if two nodes in a bus topology send messages simultaneously?
How is reconfiguration in bus topology described in the text?
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What is attenuation in the context of communication networks?
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Which access method is most common in ring topology?
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What is a key advantage of mesh topology?
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Why is managing mesh topology networks challenging?
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Which factor hinders the efficiency of a mesh topology network?
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What characterizes hybrid topology?
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In hybrid topology, what happens when similar topologies are connected?
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What distinguishes hybrid topology from mesh topology?
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What is the main function of routers in a network?
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How do routers provide redundancy in a network?
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What is the role of a gateway in networking?
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How is a gateway described in terms of its intelligence?
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What advantage does a gateway offer in network connections?
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Which network device works primarily by creating different paths to forward data?
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Which wiring scheme is the most common for Ethernet cables?
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When is a crossover Ethernet cable used?
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In a hub-based network, how is data transmitted to other devices?
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What is the function of a passive hub in a network?
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Which type of hub treats all connected devices equally in terms of network access?
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What type of cable would you use to directly connect two computers without any networking devices in between?
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What is the primary function of a repeater in a network?
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Why do repeaters pose a limitation on the length of LANs and coverage area of cellular networks?
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Which type of repeater can reconstruct distorted signals?
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What differentiates wired repeaters from wireless repeaters?
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What can digital repeaters do that analog repeaters cannot?
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How do repeaters assist in forming a large single LAN?
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Study Notes
Bus Topology
- A bus topology requires a lot of cabling, making it simpler but still extensive.
- Difficult troubleshooting is required to determine cable faults.
- Signal interference can occur when two nodes send messages simultaneously.
- Reconfiguration is difficult, slowing down the network when adding new devices.
- Attenuation leads to communication issues, requiring repeaters to regenerate the signal.
Ring Topology
- A ring topology is similar to a bus topology, but with connected ends.
- Data flows in one direction (unidirectional) in a single loop.
- Each node is connected to another node, with no termination point.
- Data flows in a clockwise direction.
- The most common access method is token passing.
Mesh Topology
Advantages
- Reliable: If one link breaks, communication between connected computers won't be affected.
- Fast communication between nodes.
- Easier reconfiguration: Adding new devices won't disrupt communication between other devices.
Disadvantages
- High cost due to a large number of connected devices and transmission media.
- Management is difficult due to the large size of the network.
- Redundant connections reduce network efficiency.
Hybrid Topology
- A combination of different topologies.
- A connection between different links and nodes to transfer data.
- Two or more different topologies combined, but similar topologies connected together isn't Hybrid topology.
RJ 45 Connector
- The T-568B wiring scheme is the most common, but some devices support T-568A.
- Crossover Ethernet cables have a T-568A connector on one end and a T-568B connector on the other.
- These cables are used for direct computer-to-computer connections without a router, hub, or switch.
HUB
- A hub is a basic networking device connecting multiple devices on a local network.
- All devices share the same bandwidth, and every device has equal access to the network.
- There are three types of hubs: Passive, Active, and Intelligent.
Repeater
- Electrical signals get attenuated depending on the channel or technology.
- Repeaters amplify the attenuated signal and retransmit it.
- Digital repeaters can reconstruct distorted signals.
- Repeaters connect two LANs to form a large single LAN.
Types of Repeaters
- Analog Repeaters: Amplify analog signals.
- Digital Repeaters: Reconstruct distorted signals.
- Wired Repeaters: Used in wired LANs.
- Wireless Repeaters: Used in wireless LANs and cellular networks.
Routers
- Filter out unwanted interference and perform data encapsulation and de-capsulation.
- Provide redundancy, working in master and slave mode.
- Allow connecting multiple LAN and WAN.
- Create various paths to forward data.
Gateway
- Connects two networks with different transmission protocols.
- A node on a network serving as an entrance to another network.
- Intelligent device with filtering capabilities, error control, data packet routing, and transmission speed control.
Advantages of Gateway
- Connects devices of two different networks with dissimilar structures.
- Intelligent device with filtering capabilities.
- Controls both collisions and broadcast domains.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the T-568A and T-568B wiring schemes for RJ-45 connectors commonly used in networking. Learn about the differences between T-568A and T-568B, as well as when to use crossover Ethernet cables.
