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Questions and Answers
What is the defining characteristic of a closed system, as described in the text?
What is the defining characteristic of a closed system, as described in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of a system as described in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of a system as described in the text?
Based on the text, what does the term 'supra-system' refer to?
Based on the text, what does the term 'supra-system' refer to?
Which of the following is the BEST example of a peer system as described in the text?
Which of the following is the BEST example of a peer system as described in the text?
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What is the relationship between the system and its subsystems?
What is the relationship between the system and its subsystems?
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Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between a system and its sub-systems in the context of education?
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between a system and its sub-systems in the context of education?
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If we consider the concept of a system in education, which of the following best exemplifies the 'supra-system' that influences the education system?
If we consider the concept of a system in education, which of the following best exemplifies the 'supra-system' that influences the education system?
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According to the provided text,
what is the principal characteristic that differentiates a system from a collection of separate parts?
According to the provided text, what is the principal characteristic that differentiates a system from a collection of separate parts?
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The text provides an example of "A SYSTEM". Which of the following is NOT an example of a system, as defined by Kaufman?
The text provides an example of "A SYSTEM". Which of the following is NOT an example of a system, as defined by Kaufman?
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The text states that a system is "self-maintaining, self-governing, and self-regulating". Which of the following accurately illustrates this characteristic in the context of an education system?
The text states that a system is "self-maintaining, self-governing, and self-regulating". Which of the following accurately illustrates this characteristic in the context of an education system?
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Flashcards
System
System
A collection of separate parts working together to achieve specific objectives.
Systems Approach
Systems Approach
A method for analyzing a complex entity by viewing it as a system with interrelated parts.
Characteristics of a System
Characteristics of a System
Key traits include self-maintenance, dynamic integration, and having specific goals.
Roles of a Teacher in System Approach
Roles of a Teacher in System Approach
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Advantages of System Approach
Advantages of System Approach
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Open System
Open System
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Closed System
Closed System
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Supra-system
Supra-system
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Subsystem
Subsystem
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Study Notes
Instructional Objectives
- Learners should be able to define a system, a systems approach, and a system approach to instruction.
- Explain the features of a system using a diagram.
- Explain the two components of a system approach using a diagram.
- List and explain the principles of a system approach.
- State the advantages of a system approach.
- State the roles of a teacher in a system approach.
Introduction
- A system is a holistic view of things, comprised of interconnected parts working together for efficiency.
- Education is a system influenced by society, receiving inputs, resources, and evaluation from it.
- Education has sub-systems like administration, library etc., each with its objectives.
- Instruction is a system that benefits from the system approach.
System
- A system is the sum total of independent parts interacting to achieve specified objectives.
- Systems are applicable to many facets of life, including education, instruction, the solar system, political systems, and religious systems.
- Systems in education and instruction have interlocking parts that work towards goals.
Characteristics of a System
- A system is a general term applicable in various fields including instruction and education.
- A system is self-maintaining, self-governing, and self-regulated.
- A system is more than the sum of its parts.
- Systems have goals to achieve.
- A system is a dynamic, integrated whole, not just a collection of elements.
- Systems are complex, with interrelated, independent, parts.
- Parts in a system have well-defined roles.
- Systems can be closed or open, with closed systems not interacting with the outside world and open systems adapting to outside circumstances.
- All systems have limits or restrictions.
- A system can be a subsystem of a larger system (e.g., a school is a subsystem of society).
Features of a System (Diagram)
- Input: What the system receives from its environment (e.g., resources, information).
- Output: What the system sends back into its environment (e.g., results, products).
- Throughput: Activities/processes within the system (e.g., instructional strategies, methods).
Systems Approach (SA)
- A problem-solving process to deal with problems like in education or instruction.
- Two main components: system analysis & system synthesis.
- System Analysis: Breaking down a problem into smaller parts to understand it, identifying objectives, and analyzing functions, tasks, and methods.
- Includes mission analysis, functional analysis, task analysis, and methods/means analysis.
- System Synthesis: Combining the results of analysis to select solutions, implement strategies, and evaluate outcomes/performance/effectiveness.
- Includes these analysis stages: identity the problem, setting goals, selecting a solution strategy, implementing the selection, evaluating the performance.
Principles of Systems Approach
- Goal-Oriented Design: Objectives guide every decision during instruction design and development.
- Learner-Centered Focus: Learners' needs, prior knowledge, and preferences are prioritized in the instruction design.
Advantages of System Approach
- Identifies suitability of instructional materials & resources.
- Assesses material needs and related factors.
- Optimizes technology use (machines, media, people)
- Allows an orderly introduction of components.
- Designs channels for communication.
- Improves teacher knowledge.
- Creates effective training programs.
- Evaluates student performance.
Roles of a Teacher in Systems Approach
- Thoroughly evaluates the input components of the instructional system.
- Gathers data about the subject matter (course contents).
- Identifies ways to achieve instructional objectives.
- Breaks down instructional objectives into well-defined tasks.
- Chooses best strategies to achieve purpose.
- Implements plans.
- Collects feedback and uses it to evaluate, modify, and improve the approach.
- Compares outputs with inputs and identifies areas needing improvement.
Additional Points
- Instructional systems have teachers, students, curriculum, instructional materials, strategies, the physical environment, and evaluation.
- The system approach focuses on using a rational problem-solving method to analyse education processes.
- The approach considers all aspects and parts of instruction (students, teachers, curriculum, content, materials, strategies, physical environment).
- An iterative and continuous improvement process is included to improve instructions.
- The approach is to be used in a scientific and rational manner to resolve any existing issues in instruction and make improvements.
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Description
This quiz covers fundamental concepts of systems theory as described in the relevant text. Test your understanding of closed systems, features of systems, supra-systems, and the relationship between systems and their subsystems. Perfect for students studying systems theory or related subjects.
