Systems Design and Maintenance Quiz

Module 1: Being a Nursing Assistant

• Nursing Assistants are the "heart" of long-term care
• Certification requires various practical and clinical skills, passing scores on tests.
• Role and Responsibilities include: treating residents with respect and dignity, following safety and emergency procedures, maintaining a clean and safe environment, following directions, being honest, respecting confidentiality
• Important skills include: maintaining a clean and safe environment, knowing expected professional boundaries, respecting confidentiality, following directions, being honest, reliable, and responsible, upholding resident rights, respecting individual beliefs and values, practicing good body mechanics, using medical asepsis, being a good listener.
• Nursing Assistants contribute to the health, safety, and security of residents. The care team includes everyone with responsibility for care, such as residents, doctors, family members, nursing staff, therapists, activities directors, social workers, clergy, physical therapists, dieticians, and mental health services.
• Care plans outline resident needs, goals, care approach, and responsibilities for each team member
• Being professional includes treating others as you want to be treated. Be respectful, be a good listener, and be reliable. Avoid arguments and raising your voice.
• Discuss professionalism, boundaries, importance of confidentiality, and recognizing unacceptable behaviors.

Module 2: Upholding Resident Rights

• The NA has a legal responsibility to protect each resident's rights
• Explaining resident rights, identifying legal issues, defining quality of life, discussing differences in beliefs and customs, examining personal beliefs, recognizing abuse and explaining how to deal with abuse
• Promote and support each resident's rights, regardless of beliefs, gender, mental or physical ability, background, race, or sexuality
• Residents' rights include: being informed of all rights, respectful care, information about services/charges/health status, adequate and appropriate healthcare, choice in care/treatment, right to refuse medication/treatment, notification of significant changes, right to transfer or discharge notice, grievances, complaints, and established visiting hours
• Respecting individual beliefs and preferences.
• Recognizing and reporting abuse. Includes physical or mental mistreatment, neglecting basic needs, and failure to provide care or supervision. Reporting is mandatory.

Module 3: Developing Interpersonal Skills

• Help residents feel good about themselves and reach for their dreams
• Demonstrating positive relationships, recognizing resident concerns, using effective communication, discussing emotional barriers, recognizing defensive behavior, communicating with physically impaired residents
• Identifying basic needs: self-actualization, self-esteem, belonging, safety, and physical needs.
• Understanding basic needs is key to building relationships
• Being sensitive to individual beliefs and preferences is key
• Communication includes active listening, paraphrasing, and feedback.
• Avoiding emotional barriers involves managing emotions and not reacting negatively
• Overcoming physical barriers: hearing impaired, visually impaired, cognitively impaired, aphasia communication strategies and techniques.

Module 4: Using Good Body Mechanics

• Prevent body stress and injury
• Demonstrate good body mechanics, demonstrating good lifting techniques, explaining ambulatory procedures, explaining the importance of positioning, identifying proper positioning, demonstrations on how to move or transfer residents in bed
• Lifting guidelines: evaluate situation, get help if needed, keep back straight, position feet apart, stand close to the object, and use legs to lift
• Ambulating: be aware of residents abilities
• Positioning: consider safety hazards, and reposition residents regularly to prevent pressure sores
• Frequent repositioning is vital for maintaining good circulation and comfort for residents

Module 5: Preventing/Controlling Infection

• Guard against possible infection at all times
• Describe ways to prevent infection, practice precautions, identify procedures for medical asepsis, explain the importance of hand washing, demonstrate proper hand washing, describe sterilizing, and disinfecting, discuss the need for protective barriers, demonstrate proper use of gloves, describe isolation procedures, explain how to control HBV, identify ways to prevent HIV/AIDS.
• The Chain of Infection: Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host; Interrupting any of the links to stop infection
• Personal hygiene is important, including hand-washing procedures
• Proper use of protective barriers (including gloves, gowns, masks, and eyewear) to prevent the spread of infectious agents.
• Procedures involve washing hands, clean surroundings, personal hygiene, and precautions

Module 6: Weighing & Measuring

• Accuracy is important in everything you do
• Demonstrate procedures for weighing and measuring residents; identify fluid measurements
• Weighing: Weigh at the same time of day, wear the same amount of clothing, and ensure the bladder is empty
• Weight units: pounds (lbs), ounces (oz), kilograms (kg), and fluid units: cubic centimeters (cc), milliliters (mL), and ounces (oz).
• Height measurements: feet and inches (in), centimeters (cm); follow facility guidelines
• Fluid measurements: use standardized containers with measurements in ounces and cubic centimeters or milliliters, follow facility guidelines

Module 7: Providing Basic Care

• Good skills earn the respect of residents and co-workers
• Describe personal hygiene, identify three methods of bathing, explain procedures for foot and nail care, demonstrate procedures for oral hygiene, describe basic hair care, identify pressure points, demonstrate the use of bedpans, discuss bowel and bladder problems, explain the effects of aging on digestion
• Describe various types of bathing (e.g., whole-body bath, partial bath, bed bath), including proper techniques for each
• Foot care: inspect daily, cleanse daily, dry well, and apply lotion to prevent cracking
• Mouth/oral care: include cleaning teeth, dentures, etc.

Module 8: Following Care Procedures

• Being alert to special needs is vital
• Explain how to measure intake and output, describe specimen collection, describe special care for residents with tubing, demonstrate proper application of bandages and dressings, demonstrate proper bed making
• Documents fluid intake and output (I/O)
• Collecting specimens: blood, urine, stool, and sputum
• Tubing care: oxygen, feeding, urinary catheters, and other specialized tubing
• Bandage and dressing application: cleaning and prepping the area before application, avoiding contamination, and applying the dressing properly, and disposing of used materials
• Demonstrating proper bed making techniques, including different types of beds
• Documenting any irregularities or changes

Module 9: Taking Vital Signs

• Accurate measurements to help determine a person's physical condition
• Identify four locations for measuring temperature using thermometers; explain how to use thermometers; identify pulse points; demonstrate how to count respirations; demonstrate how to take blood pressure
• Identify different types of thermometers, procedure of measuring temperature, including oral, rectal, tympanic, and axillary using correct techniques and safety procedures.
• Measure pulse through radial, carotid, and apical pulse points. Determine rate (number of pulses per minute), rhythm of pulses, strength/force of pulses, and report unusual changes. Respiratory rate (breaths per minute) observation and documentation. Blood pressure measurement, including systolic and diastolic pressures and procedures.

Module 10: Following Safety and Emergency Procedures

• Simple precautions prevent serious injuries
• Accident prevention, define first aid, list life-threatening emergencies, discuss the purpose of CPR, demonstrate abdominal thrusts, discuss the use of protective devices, describe alternatives to restraints
• Preventing accidents, including avoiding hazards with mobility-impaired residents, accidental poisoning, burns, and electrical shock; providing fire safety measures
• Fire safety involves knowing fire hazards and evacuation procedures, emergency response and rescue procedures, which include knowing the location of exits and stairways, fire alarms and extinguishers

Module 11: Providing Good Nutrition

• Everybody needs a variety of foods for good health
• Identify basic food groups, explain the importance of good nutrition, recognize conditions that affect eating habits, discuss changes in behavior related to improper nutrition, and explain how to prevent complications from dysphagia
• Recognize and accommodate individual dietary needs (e.g., special diets, allergies, preferences)
• Importance of good nutrition for health and well-being, particularly for older adults, which emphasizes a balanced variety of food groups.
• Techniques to encourage residents in self-feeding; how to handle mealtimes, including serving and assisting with meals, and addressing any dining-related complications or issues

Module 12: Understanding Long-Term Care

• Enhance each resident's quality of life
• Recognize emotional and social needs, describe behavior management, describe body systems and changes related to aging, describe confusion and reality orientation, describe phases of Alzheimer's disease, and discuss respiratory disorders
• Identify symptoms of diabetes, discuss steps to take during a seizure, and describe the symptoms and side effects of a stroke.
• Recognizing emotional and social needs of older adults, understanding body systems, assessing possible behavior changes in Alzheimer's and dementia, addressing respiratory disorders, recognizing the side effects of cancer treatment and diabetes, and preparing for seizures and strokes.
• Importance of providing a safe, comfortable, supportive, and engaging environment that meets the physical, emotional, and social needs of residents.

Module 13: Providing Restorative Care

• Encourage residents to be as self-managing as possible
• Explain the goals of rehabilitation, discuss the use and care of assistive devices, explain benefits of exercise, describe complications of immobility, describe activities of daily living, and describe range of motion (ROM)

Module 14: Managing Information

• The care team depends on you for accurate, thorough, and timely reports
• Importance of observation, recognizing symptoms of changes, importance of early detection, explanation of reporting procedures, and need for accuracy
• Observation includes physical and emotional changes in residents. Key elements are communicating thoroughly, reporting any concerns, recording observations, recognizing changes, documenting observations and ensuring everything is accurate and up-to-date in residents' records to offer the best care

Module 15: Dealing with Death and Dying

• Provide sensitive and concerned care for residents and their families
• Define grief, explain the five stages of grief, discuss reactions to death and dying, describe care for someone who is dying, identify signs of approaching death, and describe postmortem care
• Stages of grief (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance), and appropriate reactions and support for residents and families. Dealing with difficult emotions and providing compassionate care.

Module 16: Introducing Home Health Care

• Help the client stay as healthy and self-managing as possible
• Define home care, explain the role and responsibilities of the Home Health Aide (HHA), discuss the role of the healthcare team, describe special concerns for home care, and describe family care
• Duties of HHA include: handling client rights and special needs, safety precautions for the home, maintaining a safe environment, and understanding client needs
• Procedures and considerations in the home environment, family considerations, and maintaining a safe and clean home. Client rights and responsibilities within the home care setting.

Test your knowledge on the primary functions of system components, the risks associated with lack of security protocols, and the strategies for effective system maintenance. This quiz also explores the importance of user feedback in system design.