Questions and Answers
What benefit does sampling provide to systems analysts?
Which step is NOT part of designing a good sample?
What criteria can be used to choose the type of sample?
In structured observation, what does the acronym STRIBE stand for?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason for performing sampling?
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What type of data does quantitative analysis deal with?
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What element does the analyst's playscript focus on during observation?
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Which of the following is one of the steps in the sampling design process?
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Study Notes
Information Gathering in Systems Analysis and Design
- Interactive methods are essential for effective information gathering.
- Key methods include interviewing, Joint Application Design (JAD), and questionnaires.
Interviewing Techniques
- Interviews collect qualitative data about user opinions, feelings, and goals.
- Preparation includes reviewing background material, setting objectives, and selecting interviewees.
- Question types can be open-ended for detailed responses or closed for precise data.
Types of Interview Questions
- Open-ended Questions: Encourage expansive answers, suitable for in-depth insights.
- Closed Questions: Limit responses for straightforward data analysis.
- Bipolar Questions: Answerable with 'yes/no' or 'agree/disagree', used sparingly.
- Probing Questions: Follow-up questions that dig deeper into responses.
Question Arrangement Strategies
- Pyramid Structure: Starts with closed questions, progressing to open-ended.
- Funnel Structure: Begins with broad open-ended, narrowing down to specific closed questions.
- Diamond Structure: Mix of closed to open-ended then back to closed, providing a balanced approach.
Effective Interview Closure
- Conclude by inviting additional comments, summarizing impressions, discussing next steps, and expressing gratitude.
Joint Application Design (JAD)
- JAD fosters collaboration among stakeholders for requirements definition and design through workshops.
- Successful JAD requires time commitment, organizational support, and effective pre-session preparation.
Questionnaire Usage
- Gather insights into attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics.
- Questionnaires fine-tune respondent engagement with well-structured language, either open or closed.
- Measurement scales include nominal (for classification) and interval (equal intervals without an absolute zero).
Validity and Reliability in Questionnaires
- Reliability ensures consistent results over time, while validity measures the intended assessment accuracy.
- Common problems in scale responses include leniency, central tendency, and halo effect.
Questionnaire Design Principles
- Clear layout with adequate space for responses, straightforward language, and sequencing of questions from general to specific.
Methods of Administering Questionnaires
- Options include group sessions, personal delivery, self-administration, mailing, and online distribution for efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Sampling Strategy
- Systematic selection of representative population elements enhances data gathering efficiency while reducing bias.
- Steps to design effective sampling involve identifying data needs, defining the population, and determining sample types and sizes.
Investigation Techniques
- Involves data analysis of both quantitative (e.g., performance reports) and qualitative (e.g., emails, policies) sources to derive insights.
Observation as a Data Collection Method
- Observation reveals actual organizational behaviors and decision-making interactions, crucial for identifying Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) issues.
- Utilization of techniques like action verb recording (playscript) and structured environmental observation (STROBE) provides context on decision-maker activities.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts from Chapters 4 and 5 of Kendall & Kendall's Systems Analysis and Design. Participants will delve into interactive methods for information gathering, effective interview techniques, and the JAD concept. Test your understanding and improve your skills in structuring user interviews for better information requirements.
