Systems Analysis Chapter 5

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of fully developed use case descriptions?

To show states that an object can be in over time.

To provide detailed information about each use case. (correct)

To depict the flow of activities visually.

To identify inputs and outputs as messages.

Which diagram is specifically used to show the flow of activities for a use case?

State machine diagram

Flowchart

Activity diagram (correct)

System sequence diagram

What do system sequence diagrams (SSDs) illustrate?

The exceptions conditions of use cases.

The relationships between domain classes.

The detailed states an object can have.

The inputs and outputs for each use case. (correct)

When should use cases and domain classes be modeled in detail?

When there is a requirement to communicate complexity. Signup and view all the answers

What type of diagram is used to model the behavior of an object over time?

State machine diagram Signup and view all the answers

In the context of requirements modeling, what is the role of UML diagrams?

To work together with use case descriptions to define functional requirements. Signup and view all the answers

What is included in a fully developed use case description to aid understanding?

Actors, stakeholders, and flow of activities. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes activity diagrams?

They illustrate sequential and concurrent flows of activities. Signup and view all the answers

What does a system sequence diagram primarily show?

Input and output messaging requirements for a use case Signup and view all the answers

Which notation indicates that a message may be repeated or looped in a system sequence diagram?

<ul> <li></li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

In the message notation for a system sequence diagram, what do the brackets [ ] signify?

A true/false condition for sending the message Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct format for representing a return value in a message notation?

return-value := message-name(parameter-list) Signup and view all the answers

What role does the 'Actor' serve in a system sequence diagram?

It is the user or entity interacting with the system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in developing a system sequence diagram?

Evaluate system performance Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'message-name' refer to in the context of a system sequence diagram?

The description of the requested service, typically written as a verb-noun Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Loop Frame' in a system sequence diagram?

To indicate messages that may repeat Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a sequence diagram in systems analysis?

To capture dynamic behavior of the system Signup and view all the answers

Which element is typically NOT included in a fully developed use case description?

Software requirements Signup and view all the answers

What does a synchronization bar in an activity diagram represent?

Merging of parallel processes Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a use case description specifies conditions that must be true before the use case begins?

Preconditions Signup and view all the answers

In a use case, which aspect focuses on the possible failures or issues that can occur during execution?

Exception conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Use Case Diagram?

To detail the interactions between users and the system Signup and view all the answers

Which element is described as a 'verb-noun' in a use case description?

Use case name Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'actors' refer to in a use case context?

Users engaging with the system Signup and view all the answers

Which diagram type is used to capture and show the behavior of data objects?

State Machine Diagram Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of a use case description that outlines the expected results once the use case is completed?

Post conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in developing a state machine diagram?

Review the class diagram and select relevant classes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus point when reviewing a state machine diagram for a class?

Identifying object methods for the class Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in expanding each transition within a state machine diagram?

Including guard conditions and action expressions Signup and view all the answers

After identifying states for a class, what step comes next when developing a state machine diagram?

Sequence states and aggregate combinations into fragments Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is essential to verify when testing a state machine diagram?

Existence of concurrent paths Signup and view all the answers

What is an important component of the final state machine diagram for a SaleItem object?

Transition for backordering items Signup and view all the answers

Which diagram is NOT mentioned as a requirement when integrating requirement models?

Class Responsibility Collaborator (CRC) Diagram Signup and view all the answers

What should you review to ensure completeness when developing a state machine diagram?

All exception conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary aspect of functional requirements according to the summary?

Use cases Signup and view all the answers

Which diagram shows the flow of activities for a use case?

Activity diagram Signup and view all the answers

What do system sequence diagrams represent?

Inputs and outputs as messages Signup and view all the answers

When should detailed modeling of use cases and domain classes be performed?

When there is complexity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of requirements management tools?

They ease the requirements engineering processes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a technique for modeling use cases?

User flow diagrams Signup and view all the answers

What do state machine diagrams represent?

The lifecycle of an object Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about functional requirements is accurate?

Functional requirements focus on user interactions and system behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What does the message notation identify in the context of system interactions?

The action requested from the system along with required parameters Signup and view all the answers

What is a guard condition in a state machine diagram?

A true-false test determining if a transition can occur Signup and view all the answers

In a state machine diagram, what defines the transition of an object between states?

The action expression describing activities performed Signup and view all the answers

What represents a composite state in state machine diagrams?

A state consisting of nested states and transitions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains a pseudo state in a state machine diagram?

It serves as the starting point of the state machine Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of output return values in a messaging system?

To provide feedback on processed messages Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the car alarm system described, what best defines the 'Armed' state?

The system is secured and monitoring for intrusions Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes concurrent paths in a composite state?

They represent independent transitions that coexist Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is prominent in a state when it is 'Idle' within a state machine diagram?

Waits for an external event or action to occur Signup and view all the answers

The light switch system includes which of the following brightness levels?

Dimmed, Medium, Bright Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World - Chapter 5

Chapter 5 extends the requirements models, introduced in Chapters 3 and 4, by adding detail and techniques
This chapter aims to explore use cases and domain classes further using fully developed use case descriptions
It also covers activity diagrams, system sequence diagrams, and state machine diagrams
Use case descriptions provide details about actors, stakeholders, preconditions, postconditions, activities and exceptions
Activity diagrams, introduced in Chapter 2, model the flow of activities for a use case
System sequence diagrams (SSDs) detail the system's inputs and outputs via messages between actor and system
State machine diagrams show object states over time
Domain classes are further detailed using state machine diagrams
Not all use cases and domain classes are modeled at depth; only if complexity and detail communication are needed
Different views (structural and behavioural) and their characteristics are compared
- Structural (static) views include class diagrams and use case diagrams
- Dynamic views (behaviour) include sequence diagrams, activity diagrams and state machine diagrams
Learning objectives include developing use cases, activity diagrams, system sequence diagrams, state machine diagrams, and explaining their combined role in defining functional requirements.
Chapters 3, 4 and 5 address system analysis activities, which involve discovering and understanding the system's context
Core processes include problem identification, project planning, user interface design, and testing/deployment
Iterations are an essential component of analysis, with each iteration having specific core processes
Fully developed use case descriptions are detailed, specifying actors, stakeholders, preconditions, postconditions, activities, and exceptional conditions for use case analysis.

Use Case Descriptions and Details

Use case descriptions provide a brief but comprehensive summary of actions
Detailed use case descriptions expand on brief descriptions to provide precise scenarios, triggering events, actors, and more details
Use case descriptions include use case name, scenario (if needed), event trigger, brief description, actors, related use cases (<>), stakeholders, preconditions, postconditions, flow of activities and exception conditions.
Use case descriptions can include detailed scenarios, alternative flows, or exceptional conditions
Use case details, such as scenarios, triggering events, brief description, actors, related, stakeholders, preconditions, and postconditions are presented
Use case notation for complex cases requires more detail in specific templates
UML diagrams, including use cases, assist in defining functional requirements
Methods for use case descriptions, scenarios and actors are presented

UML Activity Diagram for Use Cases

UML activity diagrams visually represent the workflow of activities within a use case
Diagrams are presented to exemplify use case workflows.

System Sequence Diagram (SSD)

System sequence diagrams (SSDs) are UML diagrams that illustrate inputs and outputs as messages between the system and actor.
SSDs focus on interactions over time showcasing object lifelines and messages
The notation for SSDs includes actor, system, lifeline, messages, loop frame, and optional frames like Opt and Alt

State Machine Diagram

State machine diagrams are UML diagrams showing an object's states over time.
They show conditions, actions, events and transitions

Composite States and Concurrent Paths

Composite states represent complex behavior within a state machine
In composite states, parallel activities (concurrent paths) are independent
State diagrams show concurrent path capability within complex states

Requirements Management Tool

Requirements management tools support collecting, managing, tracking, and modifying requirements.
Examples like DOORS, Caliber RM, IrqA, and ReqView are cited

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Description

Explore the advanced requirements models found in Chapter 5 of 'Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World'. This chapter delves into use cases, domain classes, and various diagrams used to depict system behaviors and interactions. Learn about the intricacies of activity diagrams, system sequence diagrams, and state machine diagrams.