Podcast
Questions and Answers
A company is deciding whether to invest in automation to improve productivity. Which question is MOST critical to ask before making this change?
A company is deciding whether to invest in automation to improve productivity. Which question is MOST critical to ask before making this change?
- Will this technological change actually work as intended? (correct)
- How will this affect our relationships with current suppliers?
- What new training programs will employees need?
- Is the payback period shorter than other potential investments?
Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies the application of the Pareto principle in quality control?
Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies the application of the Pareto principle in quality control?
- Randomly sampling products to identify potential quality issues.
- Implementing daily inspections to catch every minor defect in a product line.
- Creating detailed flowcharts to document every step in the production process.
- Focusing efforts on resolving the most frequent customer complaints to improve overall satisfaction. (correct)
In a production process, a control chart indicates a data point is outside the upper control limit. What IMMEDIATE action should be taken?
In a production process, a control chart indicates a data point is outside the upper control limit. What IMMEDIATE action should be taken?
- Recalibrate all measurement tools.
- Adjust the control limits to include the data point.
- Stop the process and investigate for assignable cause variation. (correct)
- Increase the sample size for the next inspection.
How does a 'systems approach' enhance operational efficiency within an organization?
How does a 'systems approach' enhance operational efficiency within an organization?
A manufacturing company uses statistical process control (SPC). What is the PRIMARY goal of using SPC?
A manufacturing company uses statistical process control (SPC). What is the PRIMARY goal of using SPC?
What is the fundamental difference between 'goods' and 'services' in operations management?
What is the fundamental difference between 'goods' and 'services' in operations management?
A company wants to improve the reliability of a system consisting of three components in series. If the reliabilities of the components are 0.90, 0.80, and 0.70, respectively, what is the overall reliability of the system?
A company wants to improve the reliability of a system consisting of three components in series. If the reliabilities of the components are 0.90, 0.80, and 0.70, respectively, what is the overall reliability of the system?
A parallel system has two components, each with a reliability of 0.8. What is the reliability of the parallel system?
A parallel system has two components, each with a reliability of 0.8. What is the reliability of the parallel system?
In process control, what distinguishes 'natural variation' from 'assignable variation'?
In process control, what distinguishes 'natural variation' from 'assignable variation'?
How does process capability relate to customer specifications?
How does process capability relate to customer specifications?
Flashcards
Model
Model
An abstraction of reality; a simplification of something.
System
System
A set of interrelated parts that must work together.
Products and Services
Products and Services
Physical items (goods) and activities performed for customers (services).
Reliability
Reliability
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Precedence Diagram
Precedence Diagram
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7 Basic Quality Tools
7 Basic Quality Tools
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SPC (Statistical Process Control)
SPC (Statistical Process Control)
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Transformation Process
Transformation Process
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Productivity
Productivity
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Process Control
Process Control
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Study Notes
- A model is an abstraction of reality and a simplification of something.
- A system comprises interrelated parts that must work together.
Spot Analysis
- Spot analysis involves analyzing products and services.
- Goods/products are physical items, while services are activities.
- A car is an example of a good, while a haircut is an example of a service.
Reliability
- Reliability is the ability of a product, part, or system to perform its intended function.
- Series and parallel systems are two common system configurations regarding reliability.
Series System
- The reliability of a series system is calculated as R1 * R2 * R3.
- Series systems have lower reliability compared to parallel systems.
- If one component fails in a series system, the entire system fails.
Parallel System
- The reliability of a parallel system is calculated as 1 - (1 - R1) * (1 - R2).
- If one component fails in a parallel system, others can take over.
- Parallel systems have a higher reliability than series systems.
Precedence Diagram
- A precedence diagram shows elemental tasks and their precedence requirements.
7 Basic Quality Tools
- There are 7 basic quality tools, including:
- Flowchart: Used to map out a process.
- Check Sheet: Collects and organizes data.
- Histogram: Displays the distribution of data.
- Pareto Chart: Identifies the most significant factors.
- Scatter Diagram: Shows the relationship between two variables.
- Control Chart: Monitors a process over time.
- Cause and Effect Diagram: Identifies potential causes of a problem.
SPC (Statistical Process Control)
- SPC is a statistical evaluation that helps determine if a process is "in control" or if corrective action is needed.
- SPC is used to control a process while products are being made using a control chart.
Transformation Process
- The transformation process involves inputs, processes, and outputs (goods and services).
Productivity
- Productivity is calculated as output divided by input.
Process Selection
- Need some knowledge about different types of processes.
Control Charts
- Two control charts are used: a mean chart and a range chart.
- Questions involve interpreting charts to determine if a process is in control or not and whether to stop the process or not, watching for anything abnormal.
- Out of control means there is something abnormal or an outlier outside of control limits.
Process Control and Process Capability
- Variability is a key factor in process control which is shown with control charts.
- Natural or inherent variability exists in a process.
- Customer specification in relation to process performance needs to be considered.
Index Cpk Value
- Red: .5 indicates defects.
- Yellow: 1 indicates defects on lower and higher ends.
- Green: 2 indicates highly capable.
Operations
- Operations is the part of the business responsible for producing goods and services.
Systems Approach
- The systems approach main theme is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
Pareto Principle
- The Pareto Principle is exemplified by 70% sales and 13% customer base.
Variation
- There are two types of variation: random (common cause, natural variation) and assignable (special cause, nonrandom variation).
Process Variability
- Analyze if the variations random.
- Analyze if the variability of the process within a range that conforms to performance criteria.
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