System Design and Acquisition Strategies
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System Design and Acquisition Strategies

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Questions and Answers

What is the initial step in creating a data flow diagram (DFD)?

  • Organize segments into a level 0 DFD
  • Identify the entities and attributes
  • Develop level 1 DFDs based on use case steps
  • Create a context diagram (correct)

    • Which component is NOT a part of an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)?

  • Attribute
  • Process (correct)
  • Relationship
  • Entity

    • What is the end goal of the analysis phase in system design?

  • To validate the entity relationship diagram
  • To create data flow diagrams
  • To determine acquisition strategies
  • To identify system requirements (correct)

    • Which of the following best describes normalization in relation to an ERD?

    <p>Reducing redundancy in data attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the selection of a system acquisition strategy?

    <p>Cost of custom development versus packaged software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary use of data flow diagrams (DFDs) in system design?

    <p>Illustrating data flows and processes in a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which task is part of the process of validating an ERD?

    <p>Completing a CRUD matrix analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a custom system acquisition strategy?

    <p>Building a software system in-house</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the design phase in system development?

    <p>To decide how to build the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is created at the end of the design phase?

    <p>The system specification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a con of custom development?

    <p>High skilled IS professionals are often difficult to hire and retain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which acquisition strategy involves building a system from scratch?

    <p>Custom Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major advantage of packaged software?

    <p>It can be installed and used quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of systems do packaged software cover?

    <p>A wide range, including ERP applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason to choose custom development?

    <p>It helps in retaining skilled professionals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant risk associated with custom development?

    <p>The project may exceed budget and timeline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does outsourcing typically involve?

    <p>Hiring an external vendor for system creation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk associated with outsourcing?

    <p>Compromising confidential information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of outsourcing contract involves paying for the total time and expenses needed to complete a project?

    <p>Time and materials contract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a workaround in the context of packaged software?

    <p>A custom-built program that interfaces with the packaged application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Systems Integration primarily concerned with?

    <p>Combining new systems with existing legacy systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is packaged software generally considered a suitable solution?

    <p>When the technical solutions for common needs already exist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the significant challenges in Systems Integration is:

    <p>Integrating data from different software packages and systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one guideline for outsourcing?

    <p>Outsource only what you understand well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a custom solution be considered?

    <p>When the business need is unique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary factor for choosing a packaged system over a custom application?

    <p>The lack of technical skills to build the desired system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of skills are used during project management?

    <p>Both technical and functional skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for the successful development of custom applications?

    <p>Excellent project management and a proven methodology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a project team do if time is a major constraint?

    <p>Look for a system that is already built and tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What document is useful for soliciting formal proposals from vendors?

    <p>Request for Proposal (RFP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions might indicate the need for outsourcing?

    <p>Existing in-house resources are insufficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge could potentially derail a custom application project?

    <p>Overly demanding business users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a request for proposal (RFP)?

    <p>To describe in detail the system or service needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario is a request for information (RFI) typically used?

    <p>For smaller projects with limited budgets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a request for quote (RFQ) allow vendors to provide?

    <p>Pricing based on a complete equipment list</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements are typically included in an alternative matrix?

    <p>Technical, economical, and organizational feasibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of weights and scores in a weighted alternative matrix?

    <p>To apply subjective ratings to each alternative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should analysts do to avoid bias when developing ratings for an alternative matrix?

    <p>Develop ratings independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which consideration is important when selecting an acquisition strategy?

    <p>The uniqueness of the business need</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main deliverable from the design phase of a project?

    <p>The system specification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transitioning from Requirements to Design

    • The purpose of analysis is figuring out the business need, while design focuses on deciding how to build it.
    • Business requirements are converted into system requirements during the design phase.
    • System requirements are documented through design documents and physical process and data models.
    • At the end of the design phase, a system specification is created.

    System Acquisition Strategies

    • There are three primary options for acquiring a new system: custom development, packaged software, and outsourcing.

    Custom Development

    • Custom development involves building a new system from scratch.
    • Pros: Flexibility, creativity in problem-solving, leverage of current technologies, builds internal skills.
    • Cons: Requires a dedicated effort, high-skilled IS professionals are difficult to hire and retain, high risks associated with building from the ground up.

    Packaged Software

    • Packaged software is designed for common business needs and can be bought and installed quickly compared to custom systems.
    • Advantages: Efficiency, pre-built and tested.
    • Disadvantages: Lack of customizability, potential for workarounds or systems integration challenges.

    Outsourcing

    • Outsourcing involves hiring an outside vendor, developer, or service provider to build or supply the system.
    • Advantages: Low cost of entry, short setup time.
    • Risks: Compromising confidential information, losing control over future development, losing internal skillsets.

    Influences on the Acquisition Strategy

    • Project characteristics influencing the choice of acquisition strategy include: business need, in-house experience, project skills, and project management.

    Selecting an Acquisition Strategy

    • Tools to gather information about alternatives: RFP (Request for Proposal), RFI (Request for Information), RFQ (Request for Quote).
    • An alternative matrix can help with decision-making by incorporating technical, economical, and organizational feasibility for each system candidate.
    • The alternative matrix can utilize weights and scores for a weighted comparison.

    Summary

    • The design phase develops the blueprint for the new system and delivers the system specification.
    • Acquisition strategy options include custom development, packaged software, and outsourcing.

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    Related Documents

    SRWDay 07.ppt.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers the transition from requirements analysis to design, including system acquisition strategies like custom development and packaged software. Understand the pros and cons of each approach and the documentation involved in the design phase. Test your knowledge of how business needs evolve into tangible system specifications.

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