Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the initial step in creating a data flow diagram (DFD)?
What is the initial step in creating a data flow diagram (DFD)?
- Organize segments into a level 0 DFD
- Identify the entities and attributes
- Develop level 1 DFDs based on use case steps
- Create a context diagram (correct)
Which component is NOT a part of an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)?
Which component is NOT a part of an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)?
- Attribute
- Process (correct)
- Relationship
- Entity
What is the end goal of the analysis phase in system design?
What is the end goal of the analysis phase in system design?
- To validate the entity relationship diagram
- To create data flow diagrams
- To determine acquisition strategies
- To identify system requirements (correct)
Which of the following best describes normalization in relation to an ERD?
Which of the following best describes normalization in relation to an ERD?
Which factor influences the selection of a system acquisition strategy?
Which factor influences the selection of a system acquisition strategy?
What is a primary use of data flow diagrams (DFDs) in system design?
What is a primary use of data flow diagrams (DFDs) in system design?
Which task is part of the process of validating an ERD?
Which task is part of the process of validating an ERD?
Which of the following is considered a custom system acquisition strategy?
Which of the following is considered a custom system acquisition strategy?
What is the primary purpose of the design phase in system development?
What is the primary purpose of the design phase in system development?
What is created at the end of the design phase?
What is created at the end of the design phase?
Which of the following is a con of custom development?
Which of the following is a con of custom development?
Which acquisition strategy involves building a system from scratch?
Which acquisition strategy involves building a system from scratch?
What is one major advantage of packaged software?
What is one major advantage of packaged software?
What kind of systems do packaged software cover?
What kind of systems do packaged software cover?
Which of the following is NOT a reason to choose custom development?
Which of the following is NOT a reason to choose custom development?
What is one significant risk associated with custom development?
What is one significant risk associated with custom development?
What does outsourcing typically involve?
What does outsourcing typically involve?
Which of the following is a risk associated with outsourcing?
Which of the following is a risk associated with outsourcing?
Which type of outsourcing contract involves paying for the total time and expenses needed to complete a project?
Which type of outsourcing contract involves paying for the total time and expenses needed to complete a project?
What is a workaround in the context of packaged software?
What is a workaround in the context of packaged software?
What is Systems Integration primarily concerned with?
What is Systems Integration primarily concerned with?
When is packaged software generally considered a suitable solution?
When is packaged software generally considered a suitable solution?
One of the significant challenges in Systems Integration is:
One of the significant challenges in Systems Integration is:
What is one guideline for outsourcing?
What is one guideline for outsourcing?
When should a custom solution be considered?
When should a custom solution be considered?
What is a primary factor for choosing a packaged system over a custom application?
What is a primary factor for choosing a packaged system over a custom application?
Which type of skills are used during project management?
Which type of skills are used during project management?
What is crucial for the successful development of custom applications?
What is crucial for the successful development of custom applications?
What should a project team do if time is a major constraint?
What should a project team do if time is a major constraint?
What document is useful for soliciting formal proposals from vendors?
What document is useful for soliciting formal proposals from vendors?
Which of the following conditions might indicate the need for outsourcing?
Which of the following conditions might indicate the need for outsourcing?
What challenge could potentially derail a custom application project?
What challenge could potentially derail a custom application project?
What is the primary purpose of a request for proposal (RFP)?
What is the primary purpose of a request for proposal (RFP)?
In what scenario is a request for information (RFI) typically used?
In what scenario is a request for information (RFI) typically used?
What does a request for quote (RFQ) allow vendors to provide?
What does a request for quote (RFQ) allow vendors to provide?
Which elements are typically included in an alternative matrix?
Which elements are typically included in an alternative matrix?
What is the role of weights and scores in a weighted alternative matrix?
What is the role of weights and scores in a weighted alternative matrix?
What should analysts do to avoid bias when developing ratings for an alternative matrix?
What should analysts do to avoid bias when developing ratings for an alternative matrix?
Which consideration is important when selecting an acquisition strategy?
Which consideration is important when selecting an acquisition strategy?
What is the main deliverable from the design phase of a project?
What is the main deliverable from the design phase of a project?
Study Notes
Transitioning from Requirements to Design
- The purpose of analysis is figuring out the business need, while design focuses on deciding how to build it.
- Business requirements are converted into system requirements during the design phase.
- System requirements are documented through design documents and physical process and data models.
- At the end of the design phase, a system specification is created.
System Acquisition Strategies
- There are three primary options for acquiring a new system: custom development, packaged software, and outsourcing.
Custom Development
- Custom development involves building a new system from scratch.
- Pros: Flexibility, creativity in problem-solving, leverage of current technologies, builds internal skills.
- Cons: Requires a dedicated effort, high-skilled IS professionals are difficult to hire and retain, high risks associated with building from the ground up.
Packaged Software
- Packaged software is designed for common business needs and can be bought and installed quickly compared to custom systems.
- Advantages: Efficiency, pre-built and tested.
- Disadvantages: Lack of customizability, potential for workarounds or systems integration challenges.
Outsourcing
- Outsourcing involves hiring an outside vendor, developer, or service provider to build or supply the system.
- Advantages: Low cost of entry, short setup time.
- Risks: Compromising confidential information, losing control over future development, losing internal skillsets.
Influences on the Acquisition Strategy
- Project characteristics influencing the choice of acquisition strategy include: business need, in-house experience, project skills, and project management.
Selecting an Acquisition Strategy
- Tools to gather information about alternatives: RFP (Request for Proposal), RFI (Request for Information), RFQ (Request for Quote).
- An alternative matrix can help with decision-making by incorporating technical, economical, and organizational feasibility for each system candidate.
- The alternative matrix can utilize weights and scores for a weighted comparison.
Summary
- The design phase develops the blueprint for the new system and delivers the system specification.
- Acquisition strategy options include custom development, packaged software, and outsourcing.
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Description
This quiz covers the transition from requirements analysis to design, including system acquisition strategies like custom development and packaged software. Understand the pros and cons of each approach and the documentation involved in the design phase. Test your knowledge of how business needs evolve into tangible system specifications.
