System Concepts and Software Quality

Study Notes

System Concepts

Systems are collections of interconnected components working together towards a common goal.
Systems have characteristics like interdependency, integration, and interdependence.
System elements include inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback.
Systems can be classified as open or closed, linear or non-linear, deterministic or probabilistic.
System analysis involves studying existing systems to identify problems and opportunities.
System analysts play a crucial role in defining system requirements, designing solutions, and implementing changes.
Software is a set of instructions that tell a computer what to do.
Software has characteristics like reliability, maintainability, portability, and efficiency.
Software quality attributes include functionality, usability, reliability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability.
System development methodologies like Waterfall, V-shape, Spiral, Prototyping, Incremental, RAD, and Agile guide the process of building software systems.

Software Requirements

Requirements specify what a system should do and how it should behave.
Types of requirements include system, functional, non-functional, and user requirements.
Fact-finding techniques include interviews, questionnaires, record reviews, and observations for gather information about the system.
Analysis and design tools to represent the system include flowcharts, decision tables/trees, structured English, and HIPO charts.
System design involves creating a detailed plan for building the system.
Data flow diagrams (physical and logical) depict data flow within the system.
Entity-relationship diagrams (ERD) illustrate the relationships between entities in the system.
Case studies involve analyzing examples of systems like inventory, library, payroll, loan, and online booking.
Databases for storage use data dictionaries.
Structured charts depict module relationship in the system.
Input and output design defines the formats and methods for interaction with the system.
Database design involves normalizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.
Normalization forms include 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, 4NF, and 5NF.

Software Implementation and Maintenance

Software implementation involves converting the design into an operational system.
Traditional and incremental approaches are used for implementation.
Conversion methods include direct, phased, and parallel conversion.
Maintenance involves updating and modifying existing software to address issues and adapt to changes.
Software quality assurance focuses on ensuring that the software meets specified quality standards.
SQA tasks involve establishing standards, performing reviews, and conducting testing.
Software quality goals include reliability, usability and maintainability.
Software risk management is about proactively identifying, assessing, and managing potential threats to the project.
Various kinds of risks exist, from technical issues to market changes.

Coding, Estimation, and Testing

Coding standards ensure consistency and readability in code.
Effort, size, and cost estimations help in planning system development. -Testing methods are essential to identify bugs and defects in the system.

Description

This quiz covers fundamental concepts of systems, including their characteristics and classifications. It also delves into software quality attributes and analysis methodologies used in system development. Test your understanding of interconnected components and software reliability mechanisms.