System Components and Variables Quiz

Open Systems

• An open system exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings.

Variables in Experiments

• The independent variable is the one that is changed or manipulated in an experiment to observe effects.

Evaporation

• Evaporation is the process where liquid water transforms into vapor, occurring at any temperature but increasing with heat.

Thermal Energy

• Thermal energy refers to the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance, linked to temperature and heat transfer.

Models

• A model represents complex systems or phenomena, simplifying to enhance understanding and prediction of behaviors.

Function of Constraints

• Constraints are limitations or restrictions that define the boundaries within which a system must operate, impacting design and functionality.

Thermal Energy Transfer

• Conduction describes the transfer of thermal energy through direct particle collisions, occurring in solids as heat passes through.

Temperature Scale

• The Kelvin scale, used by scientists, indicates absolute temperature with 0 K representing the complete absence of thermal energy.

Behavior of Water Molecules

• As water is heated, the kinetic energy of its molecules increases, causing them to move more rapidly and farther apart.

Phase Change Process

• Boiling occurs when water particles gain enough energy to change from liquid to gas state, indicating a rapid increase in temperature.

Smallest Unit of Substance

• An atom is the smallest unit of a substance that retains its chemical properties and identity.

Defining Matter

• Mass is the property used to define matter, indicating the amount of substance contained in an object.