Syntactic Parsing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'syntactic parsing' refer to?

  • The memorization of vocabulary
  • The meaning of words in context
  • The grammatical analysis of sentences (correct)
  • The pronunciation of words

    • Syntactic parsing is only applicable to sentences that are read, not those that are heard.

    False

    What is the main goal of syntactic parsing?

    To reconstruct the syntactic structure of a sentence.

    The process of reconstructing the syntactic structure of a sentence is known as __________.

    <p>syntactic parsing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Syntactic Parsing = The reconstruction of a sentence's structure Sentence = A set of words that conveys a complete thought Grammar = The rules that govern sentence structure Syntax = The arrangement of words in a sentence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are mistakes in syntactic parsing commonly referred to as?

    <p>Garden path effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subject of the clause 'the sock fell off her lap'?

    <p>the sock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The verb 'fell' indicates that the parse was correct.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The syntax of the sentence has led the comprehender down the __________ path.

    <p>garden</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What needs to happen when the parse is found to be incorrect?

    <p>Reanalyze the string</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened while Mary was translating?

    <p>The sock fell off her lap.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Garden path effects indicate that the comprehender can always move forward without returning.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When analyzing the string, the ______ became the subject of the clause.

    <p>sock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their associated actions or roles:

    <p>fell = describes an action parse = analyze a structure subject = main part of a clause reanalyze = examine again</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do garden path effects in parsing require a comprehender to do?

    <p>Return back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All garden path sentences are easily understood by all readers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic of difficult garden path sentences?

    <p>They remain unparsable for some readers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    While Mary was translating, the ______ fell off her lap.

    <p>sock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that influences how we interpret globally ambiguous sentences?

    <p>The choice of lexical items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Changing the subject of a sentence from 'man' to 'dog' does not affect our interpretation of the sentence.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be interpreted when the subject of a sentence changes from 'man' to 'dog'?

    <p>that the police used the binoculars to see the dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The choice of ______ directly influences how we interpret globally ambiguous sentences.

    <p>lexical items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Lexical items = Words used in a sentence that influence meaning Globally ambiguous sentences = Sentences that can be interpreted in multiple ways Interpretation = Understanding the meaning behind words Police binoculars = Tools used for distant viewing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'flying planes' suggest in the context of danger?

    <p>The act of flying planes poses a danger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The phrase 'flying planes' means that every plane is considered dangerous.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two interpretations of the phrase 'flying planes' regarding danger?

    <ol> <li>Planes that are flying are dangerous. 2. The action of flying planes can be dangerous.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    'Flying' can be interpreted as an adjective modifying 'planes' or as a verb indicating the _____ of planes.

    <p>action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the interpretations of 'flying planes' with their meanings:

    <p>Interpretation 1 = Planes that are currently in flight are dangerous Interpretation 2 = The act of flying planes can pose risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psycholinguistics: Sentence Processing

    • Sentence processing is the process of constructing a syntactic structure for heard or read sentences.
    • This process starts as soon as possible.
    • An example is the sentence "The poor woman needs help". Hearing "the" leads to expecting a noun/adjective. Upon hearing "poor," expectations are updated to anticipate the next word (e.g., "woman," "car")
    • The process of constructing the syntactic structure continues until the entire sentence is processed.
    • Syntactic parsing reconstructs the syntactic structure of a sentence.
    • If all linguistic forms are unambiguous, sentence processing is easy: new words update the sentence structure.
    • Lexical and structural ambiguities make sentence processing complex.
    • Ambiguities in sentence structure complicate sentence processing.
    • This presentation explores different types of structural ambiguities and their impact on sentence processing.

    Types of Structural Ambiguity

    • Temporary Ambiguity: A sentence is ambiguous only temporarily until a disambiguating word is heard.

    • Example: Hearing "the rich..." – "rich" can be adjective (e.g., "the rich man") or noun (e.g., "the rich have to help the poor")

    • The ambiguity is resolved as more words appear, determining the correct interpretation.

    • The Garden Path Effect: Sentences are initially interpreted with one syntactic structure, but later require reinterpretation as different structures arise.

    • Errors in syntactic parsing are considered "garden path effects."

    • This effect occurs due to the sentence syntax misleading the comprehender, leading to reinterpretation.

    • Example: "While Mary was mending the sock fell off her lap." Initially interpreted as the sock is the object of the verb mending. Corrected by the verb fell.

    • Example: The horse raced past the barn fell

    • Global Ambiguity: Ambiguity that is not resolved within the sentence.

      • Additional context (intonation, preceding/following sentences) is needed to resolve the ambiguity.

    • Example: "The police saw the man with the binoculars." Is the man wearing binoculars, or did the police use the binoculars?

    Additional Details

    • Reduced relative clauses can contribute to difficulties in parsing.
    • Intonation can disambiguate some spoken ambiguous sentences.
    • Context and intonation affect how ambiguities are interpreted in daily life.
    • Not all ambiguous sentences can be disambiguated by intonation alone.
    • Examples of structural ambiguity in Arabic and other languages are provided.

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    Related Documents

    Psycholinguistics Part 8: Sentence Processing Slides PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on syntactic parsing concepts and terminology. This quiz covers topics such as garden path effects, sentence structure, and common mistakes in parsing. Perfect for students studying linguistics or related fields.

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