Synchronous Data Transmission Systems
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the Basic Synchronous System components?

  • To control fluid flow
  • To measure temperature variations
  • To generate electrical signals
  • To indicate pressure and position (correct)

What is unique about the transmitter in the Basic Synchronous System?

  • It generates alternating current
  • It is made from a toroidal resistor tap at equal angles (correct)
  • It consists of a magnetic rotor
  • It uses a single wiper contact arm

What type of rotor is used in the receiver of the Basic Synchronous System?

  • A laminated wooden rotor
  • A toroidal rotor
  • A 2-pole permanent magnet rotor (correct)
  • A synchronous variable speed rotor

What type of winding configuration does the receiver use?

<p>Star-connected 3-phase winding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion is associated with the arrangement described in the Basic Synchronous System?

<p>Rotary motion or toroidal arrangement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Torque synchros?

<p>To transmit angular position by creating a torque (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of AC synchronous systems focuses on control?

<p>Group 2 - Control synchros (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which application would Torque synchros primarily be used?

<p>Positioning of dials and pointers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the operation of the four main groups of AC synchronous systems?

<p>They function under the same operational principle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest form of synchro mentioned in the content?

<p>Torque synchro (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the toroidal resistor in a Desynn system?

<p>To create a magnetic field for torque generation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does applying DC to the tapping points in the TX have?

<p>It results in different potentials at each tapping point. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is mentioned for reducing errors due to friction in the Slab Desynn system?

<p>Burnishing the resistance wire surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of changing sawtooth waveforms to sinusoidal waves in the Slab Desynn system?

<p>It helps in reducing cyclic errors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the pull-off magnet serve in a Desynn system?

<p>It acts as a power-failure device. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the construction of the Slab Desynn system differ from the basic Desynn system?

<p>It winds the resistor on a slab former. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component produces a magnetic field in the receiver stator of a Desynn system?

<p>The coils supplied with current. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pointer of a Desynn system when the current to the stator is interrupted?

<p>It moves to an off-scale position. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a synchrotel?

<p>To act as a low-torque control transformer or transmitter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a synchrotel, what is the composition of the rotor section?

<p>A hollow cylindrical rotor made of aluminum, a fixed single-phase rotor winding, and a cylindrical core (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the rotor of a synchrotel affect the output voltage?

<p>Its rotation changes the flux cutting into the rotor coil, thereby changing the output voltage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common feature do synchronous data transmission systems possess?

<p>They consist of a transmitter and a receiver that actuate an output element (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maintenance requirement for synchros installed in flight instrument systems?

<p>They do not require any maintenance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is authorized to perform calibration and repairs on defective synchros?

<p>Only the manufacturer's qualified personnel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What electrical element is used in a pressure-measuring application of a synchrotel?

<p>A synchro control transmitter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical output element actuated by synchronous data transmission systems?

<p>A pointer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rotating the CX rotor in a control synchro?

<p>The resultant flux in the CT stator is displaced by the same angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect the phase and magnitude of the induced error voltage in a control synchro?

<p>The direction and degree of CX rotor displacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the error voltage in a control synchro system?

<p>To control the phase of the motor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of synchro is used to detect and transmit error signals representing two angular positions?

<p>Torque Differential Synchro (TDX) (C), Control Differential Synchro (CDX) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the stator and rotor of a differential transmitter similar?

<p>They are both identical in winding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a resolver synchro (RS)?

<p>To convert alternating voltages into shaft position and voltage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the error voltage as the motor rotates in a control synchro system?

<p>It is reduced until it reaches its 'electrical datum' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information can a differential synchro provide?

<p>The difference or sum of two angular positions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the rotors are in different angular positions?

<p>An unbalance (PD) occurs between the stator coil voltages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a Control Synchro?

<p>Produce an error voltage signal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the NULL POSITION is reached in a synchro system?

<p>No more torque is exerted on the rotor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What components make up a Control Synchro system?

<p>Control Transmitter and Control Transformer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which application is typical for Control Synchros?

<p>Servo Altimeters and Airspeed indicators. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Control Synchro system achieve its electrical zero?

<p>When the CT rotor is at 90° with respect to the CX rotor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a Torque Synchro compared to a Control Synchro?

<p>It generates torque at the receiver. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the CT rotor in a Control Synchro system?

<p>It detects the phase and magnitude of the error signal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Basic Synchronous System

A basic system for indicating linear motion, employing a toroidal resistor with tapped contacts and receiver components for position indication.

Toroidal Resistor

A type of resistor wound in a circular shape with taps at 120-degree intervals used in the Basic Synchronous System.

Transmitter (Basic Synchronous System)

The part of the Basic Synchronous System that transmits position information via electrical signals.

Receiver (Basic Synchronous System)

The component in the Basic Synchronous System that receives and interprets signals from the transmitter to indicate position.

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Desynn

A device that uses a system based on a toroidal resistor for indicating position. It's a type of rotary motion or linear motion sensor.

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Torque Synchro

A type of AC synchronous system used to transmit angular position information by inducing a signal, which creates a torque to reproduce the position at the receiver.

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Control Synchro

A type of AC synchronous system used to provide a proportional control signal based on the difference between the input and output shaft positions.

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Differential Synchro

A specialized type of AC synchronous system used to detect the difference between two input shaft positions.

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Resolver Synchro

A type of AC synchronous system that provides a rotating output proportional to a specific function of the input shaft position.

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Simple Torque Synchro

A type of AC synchronous system that transmits angular positions by inducing a signal, which creates a torque at the receiver. This type is used for applications that involve light loads, like positioning dials and pointers.

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What is a Desynn system?

A type of electric motor used to accurately indicate pressure. It uses three potential-tapping points to generate a magnetic field around a receiver stator, which aligns a rotor to indicate pressure.

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What is a Toroidal Desynn system?

A type of Desynn system that uses a toroidal resistor. This resistor is wound in a ring shape.

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What is a Slab Desynn system?

A type of Desynn system that uses a slab-shaped resistor. It's a more precise system than the toroidal version.

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What is Friction Error in Desynn?

The error caused by friction in the contact between the wiper arm and the resistor.

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What is Cyclic Error in Desynn?

Errors in the pressure indication caused by inconsistencies in the waveform used in the system.

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What is a Pull-off Magnet?

It's a device that prevents the rotor from sticking to the armature when the power is off.

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What is the Resultant Magnetic Field in Desynn?

It refers to the combined magnetic force created by three different magnetic fields around the stator.

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What is the purpose of using Sinusoidal Waves in Desynn?

It is to make the waveform of the Desynn system sinusoidal, which is a smooth wave.

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Synchro Torque Alignment

The tendency of a system's rotor to align itself to the same angular position as the transmitter rotor, driven by the magnetic field created by the current in the stator coils.

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Null Position

The state reached when the synchros' rotors are in the same angular position, with no further torque acting on the receiving rotor.

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Control Transmitter (CX)

The transmitter element of a control synchro system, responsible for generating the reference angle for the system.

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Control Transformer (CT)

The receiver element of a control synchro system, responsible for producing an output voltage signal based on the angular difference between the CX and CT rotors.

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Control Synchro Electrical Zero

The electrical zero point of a control synchro system occurs when the CT rotor is at 90⁰ with respect to the CX rotor.

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Control Synchro AC Supply

The CX (Control Transmitter) rotor is the only element that receives an alternating current (AC) supply.

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Control Transformer as Inductive Winding

The CT (Control Transformer) rotor acts as an inductive winding to sense the phase and magnitude of the error signal in the control synchro system.

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Resolver Synchro (RS)

A type of synchro that transforms electrical signals into a shaft position and voltage. It converts Cartesian coordinates (x, y) into polar coordinates (angle, magnitude).

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What is the basic function of a synchro?

The primary function of a synchro is to transmit angular position information through electrical signals.

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What is the principle of operation for a Control Synchro?

The core principle of a synchro is transmitting position based on the displacement of the rotor.

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How does a synchro control a motor?

A synchro utilizes an error voltage generated in the CT rotor that is then utilized to control the speed and position of a motor.

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What is a Differential Synchro?

A special type of synchro that calculates the difference or sum of two angular positions, transmitting information about both.

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Types of Differential Synchros

A Differential Synchro can be either a Torque Differential Synchro (TDX) or a Control Differential Synchro (CDX). Both are designed to indicate the difference between angles.

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How does a synchro rotor function in both TX and CX?

A synchro's rotor operates in a similar way in both TX and CX, where the rotor acts like a reference for the stator.

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What determines the motor's speed and position in a synchro system?

Each synchro operates on a principle of an error voltage generated in the CT rotor that determines the motor's speed and position.

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Synchrotel

A type of synchro used in low-torque control systems. It has a three-phase stator and a rotor divided into three parts: a hollow aluminium cylindrical rotor, a fixed single-phase rotor winding, and a cylindrical core.

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Synchrotel in Pressure Measurement

In a pressure-measuring application, the synchrotel is connected to a synchro control transmitter. The transmitter's rotor follows the synchrotel rotor position, creating a servo loop system.

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Synchrotel Operation

A type of synchro that uses a single-phase rotor to induce voltage into its stator. The stator winding of the synchrotel generates alternating flux, which changes when the synchrotel rotor rotates. The induced voltage in the rotor coil is amplified and sent to a 2-phase servo motor, which drives the Synchro Transmitter.

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Synchronous Data Transmission

Data transmission systems using synchros typically involve a transmitter and a receiver. The receiver activates an indicating element, such as a pointer, to display the information sent by the transmitter.

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Synchro Maintenance

Synchros in flight instrument systems are designed for long-term use and generally don't require regular maintenance.

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Synchro Calibration

Only qualified personnel (e.g., the manufacturer) should perform calibration, adjustment, repair, or overhaul of defective synchros.

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Study Notes

Synchronous Data Transmission Systems

  • Synchronous data transmission systems detect changes in measured qualities and transmit the information electrically to an indicating element.
  • These systems are divided into two categories: direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).

DC Synchronous Systems

  • There are three types of DC synchronous system:
    • Rotary motion (or toroidal resistance) for indicating positions and liquid contents
    • Linear motion (or micro desynn) for pressure indication
    • Slab desynn for pressure indication.

Basic Synchronous System Components

  • The basic synchronous system consists of two units:

    • Transmitter
    • Receiver

  • The transmitter has a toroidal resistor and diametrically opposed wiper contact arms.

  • The receiver has a 2-pole permanent magnet rotor and a laminated soft-iron star-connected 3-phase stator

  • The operation of the basic synchronous system uses 28 V DC

Principle of Operation of DC Synchronous System

  • When 28V DC is supplied, the different potentials at the 3 tapping points cause current to flow through the receiver stator coils and generate a magnetic field.

  • The combined magnetic field results in a torque to align the permanent magnet rotor of the receiver.

  • A pull-off magnet acts as a power failure device to attract the rotor causing the pointer to go to an off-scale position when the current to the stator is interrupted.

Types of AC Synchronous Systems

  • There are four main groups of AC Synchronous systems according to their function
    • Torque synchros
    • Control synchros
    • Differential synchros
    • Resolver synchros

Torque Synchro

  • The simplest form of a synchro

  • Used to transmit angular position through an induced signal which produces torque to reproduce positional information

  • Applications include flight instrument systems moving light loads such as pointers and dials etc

  • The torque synchro consists of two units, transmitter (TX) and receiver (TR)

  • Each consists of a rotor and stator

  • The rotor of the transmitter (TX) is mechanically coupled to an input shaft

  • The stator windings of both units are wired together by transmission lines

Control Synchro

  • Control synchros produce an error voltage signal in the receiver element; torque is generated at the receiver
  • Used for moving large loads
  • Used in applications like servo altimeters, airspeed indicators where it operates in conjunction with central air data computers.
  • Control synchros consist of two units, Control Transmitter (TX) and Control Transformer (CT)

Differential Synchro

  • Used for detecting and transmitting error signals
  • Represents two angular positions to indicate the difference or sum of the two
  • This type can be Torque Differential Synchro (TDX) and Control Differential Synchro (CDX)

Resolver Synchro

  • Converts alternating voltages into shaft positional and voltage
  • Represents polar coordinates of a point
  • Used in flight director systems, integrated systems.

Synchrotel

  • Used as a pressure measuring device in applications

  • A pressure-measuring application, the synchrotel is electrically connected to a synchro control transmitter

  • Its rotor is designed to follow the synchrotel rotor position

  • Acts as a servo loop system

Maintenance and calibration of Synchros

  • Synchros in flight instrument systems do not require any maintenance
  • Systems normally require replacement or lubrication only when the unit is removed for repair or during a complete overhaul
  • Adjustments, repair or overhaul of defective synchros may only be done by qualified personnel.

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Synchronous Data Transmission Systems PDF

Description

Explore the fundamentals of synchronous data transmission systems, focusing on both DC and AC categories. Learn about the various types of DC synchronous systems and their basic components, including transmitters and receivers. This quiz will evaluate your understanding of the principles and operations behind these systems.

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