30 Questions
What is a key characteristic of the biosocial perspective?
It links psychosocial factors to physiology, genetics, and evolution
What is the unit of analysis in the family life course perspective?
The family itself
What marks the stages in the family life course?
The addition or subtraction of family members, and changes in the family's connections with other social institutions
According to the biosocial perspective, what influences human behavior?
Genetics, physiology, and psychosocial factors
What do the stages in the family life course require?
Requisite developmental tasks to be mastered
What do biosociologists emphasize about biological predisposition?
It can be influenced or changed
What is a characteristic of a securely attached child?
Uses caregiver as a secure base for exploration
According to attachment theory, what is true of an insecure/anxious child?
They are unsure of their caregiver's responsiveness
What is the main idea behind Symbolic Interactionism?
Our interpretation/perception of the situation is as important as the “objectively true”
According to Attachment Theory, what determines the type of attachment developed by infants?
The quality of care they have received
What is a key focus of feminist theory?
Gender issues and power inequality
Who are the well-known theorists associated with Conflict Theories?
Bowlby and Burton
What is a consequence of an avoidant attachment style?
Difficulty with intimacy in adult relationships
What is true of an insecure/anxious caregiver?
They are unpredictable and emotionally insensitive
What is the characteristic of a secure attachment style?
Care giver responds appropriately, promptly and consistently
What is the main idea behind weighing the pros and cons of a situation?
Determine if situation is fair and worthwhile
Feminist theory promotes recognition of what in family therapy?
The reality of gender inequality in families
What is a characteristic of an avoidant caregiver?
They discourage crying and encourage independence
What is the role of symbols in social interaction, according to Symbolic Interactionism?
Symbols create meaning in our interactions
What is the outcome of conflict, according to Conflict Theories?
Some individuals' needs are met, while others are not
What is a goal of feminist theory in family therapy?
To recognize and address gender inequality
What is the significance of perception in Symbolic Interactionism?
Perception is more important than objective truth
Which of the following theories is concerned with the concept of time and its influence on a child's development?
Chronosystem
According to the Systems Theory, what is the term for the smaller groups that may form within a larger system, such as a family?
Subsystems
Which of the following theories compares social exchange to basic economics?
Social Exchange Theory
What is the term for the specific roles and rules that people in a subsystem have, according to the Systems Theory?
Roles
Which of the following is NOT a part of the Systems Theory?
Feminist Theory
What is the term for the external factors that influence a system, such as the timing of a parent's passing?
Imposed externally
Which of the following theories is concerned with the interdependence of parts within a system?
Systems Theory
According to the Social Exchange Theory, what is the term for the emotional and intellectual gratification an individual receives in a relationship?
Rewards
Study Notes
Relationships and Families
- The course covers relationships, marriages, and families, including their challenges and therapeutic approaches.
Theories of Relationships
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Systems Theory: Systems are everywhere, including families, and their parts influence each other.
- Encompasses the concept of time (Chronosystem) and its influence on children.
- Family subsystems (e.g., parental, sibling) have specific roles and rules.
- Coalitions may form, and boundaries determine interaction patterns.
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Social Exchange Theory: Compares social exchange to economics, weighing costs (time, money, energy) against rewards (emotional gratification, security).
- Situation assessment and perception play a crucial role in determining fairness and worth.
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Symbolic Interactionism: Human interpretation and perception of situations are important, and symbols (e.g., language) create meaning.
- Humans are social beings in constant search of social interaction, reacting to situations based on assigned meaning.
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Conflict Theories: Individuals come to interactions with differing interests, needs, and goals, leading to conflicts.
- Everyone cannot be satisfied, and individuals use resources to fulfill their needs.
Attachment Theories
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Attachment Theory: Infants form attachments with primary caregivers, influencing their attachment styles in adulthood.
- Attachment types are associated with characteristic behavioral patterns.
- Secure attachment: caregiver responds appropriately, and the child feels secure, using the caregiver as a base for exploration.
- Insecure/Anxious attachment: caregiver is unpredictable, leading to uncertainty and attention-seeking behavior.
- Avoidant attachment: caregiver is unresponsive, leading to discomfort with closeness.
Feminist Theory
- Focuses on gender issues, highlighting male dominance in society, families, and relationships as oppressive to women.
- Calls attention to power imbalance and promotes recognition of women's roles in family therapy.
Biosocial Perspective
- Links psychosocial factors to physiology, genetics, and evolution, acknowledging biological predispositions to behavior.
- Emphasizes that biological predisposition does not mean behavior cannot be influenced or changed.
Family Life Course Perspectives
- Analyzes the family as a unit, marking stages in the family life course with changes in family members, family connections, and developmental tasks.
- Successfully transitioning to the next stage requires mastering requisite developmental tasks.
Explore the concept of symbolic interactionism, its theorists, and how our perceptions shape our understanding of reality. Learn how Blumer and Cooley's theories influenced the field of sociology.
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