Symbiotic relationships
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Questions and Answers

What type of symbiotic relationship benefits both organisms involved?

  • Parasitism
  • Mutualism (correct)
  • Commensalism
  • Cooperation

    • Which of the following is an example of commensalism?

  • Mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots
  • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants
  • Bacteria living harmlessly on human skin (correct)
  • Lichens

    • What do nitrogen-fixing bacteria receive from leguminous plants in a mutualistic relationship?

  • Vitamin K
  • Phosphorus
  • Carbohydrates (correct)
  • Atmospheric nitrogen

    • Which symbiotic relationship involves one organism benefiting at the expense of the other?

    <p>Parasitism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mycorrhizal fungi in their relationship with plant roots?

    <p>Enhance nutrient absorption in plant roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of a symbiotic relationship mentioned in the text?

    <p><em>Escherichia coli</em> synthesizing vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'The relationship between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants is an example of what?' Which of the following is the most appropriate answer?

    <p>Mutualism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'What do lichens represent?' Which of the following describes lichens based on the text?

    <p>A mutualistic association between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit for leguminous plants in their relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Nutrient absorption assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the E.coli relationship with humans based on the text?

    <p>E.coli aids in digestion and synthesis of vitamin K.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of severe dehydration due to diarrhea in humans?

    <p>Cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is a highly contagious viral infection that affects the respiratory system?

    <p>Influenza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and severely weakens the immune system?

    <p>HIV/AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease affects both animals and humans and can be treated with antibiotics?

    <p>Anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fungal infection affects moist areas of the body like the mouth and genitals?

    <p>Thrush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by Plasmodium spp. and transmitted by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito?

    <p>Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial disease primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other organs?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is a serious infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis?

    <p>Anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fungal infection is a plant disease that causes economic damage?

    <p>Rusts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is transmitted through the bite of infected animals and causes severe neurological symptoms?

    <p>Rabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between mutualism and commensalism in symbiotic relationships?

    <p>Both organisms benefit in mutualism, while only one benefits in commensalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does Escherichia coli benefit humans in the symbiotic relationship mentioned in the text?

    <p>It helps in digestion and synthesizing Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Mycorrhizal Fungi in their relationship with plant roots?

    <p>Enhancing nutrient absorption, particularly phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a parasitic relationship?

    <p>One organism benefits at the expense of the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do lichens primarily represent in symbiotic relationships?

    <p>A relationship where both organisms benefit equally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do nitrogen-fixing bacteria benefit leguminous plants in their symbiotic relationship?

    <p>By fixing atmospheric nitrogen into forms that plants can assimilate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of commensalism in symbiotic relationships?

    <p>One organism benefits without affecting the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Rhizobium' bacteria living in root nodules of legumes and providing nitrogen to plants is an example of:

    <p><em>Mutualism</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases can be prevented through vaccination of livestock?

    <p>Anthrax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease primarily affects the respiratory system and is highly contagious?

    <p>Influenza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by a fungus and affects plants, causing economic damage?

    <p>Rusts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by Plasmodium spp. and is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito?

    <p>Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is used to manage Tuberculosis, a bacterial disease primarily affecting the lungs?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and severely weakens the immune system?

    <p>HIV/AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is transmitted through contaminated water and can lead to severe dehydration due to diarrhea?

    <p>Cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is caused by a fungus and affects moist areas of the body like the mouth and genitals?

    <p>Thrush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of diseases caused by micro-organisms?

    <p>Education and sanitation improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fungal infection affects the foot, particularly between the toes, and is treated with antifungal creams and good hygiene?

    <p>Athlete's Foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Thrush caused?

    <p>By <em>Candida</em> spp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of preventing Malaria?

    <p>Mosquito control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is managed through rehydration and antibiotics?

    <p>Cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Athlete's Foot treated?

    <p>Antifungal creams and good hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is almost always fatal once symptoms appear?

    <p>Rabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary management strategy for Rusts in plants?

    <p>Resistant plant varieties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does HIV/AIDS weaken the body?

    <p>By severely weakening the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main preventive measure for Influenza?

    <p>Vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Anthrax prevented in livestock?

    <p>Vaccination of livestock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for Tuberculosis?

    <p>Prolonged antibiotic treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which nitrogen-fixing bacteria and plants establish their symbiotic relationship?

    <p>Formation of specialized symbiotic structures such as root nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the symbiotic relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots impact phosphorus cycling in terrestrial ecosystems?

    <p>Fungi absorb phosphorus from the soil and transport it directly to plant roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Escherichia coli play in human digestion and overall health beyond breaking down food residues?

    <p>E. coli synthesizes vitamin K, crucial for blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of symbiotic relationships in facilitating biogeochemical cycling in ecosystems?

    <p>Symbiotic relationships facilitate the exchange and cycling of elements between different organisms and their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key factor influencing the stability and persistence of symbiotic relationships in nature?

    <p>Efficient resource transfer and mutual benefits between organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the symbiotic relationship between lichens and their environment contribute to ecosystem development and succession?

    <p>Lichens facilitate soil formation and nutrient accumulation, promoting the establishment of other species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the impact of parasitic relationships on ecosystems and the populations involved?

    <p>Parasitic relationships can lead to declines in host population size and shifts in community structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do commensal relationships differ from mutualistic relationships in terms of their impact on organisms involved and ecosystem processes?

    <p>Commensal relationships involve one organism benefiting from the association without affecting the other organism, while mutualistic relationships involve both organisms benefiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary factor influencing the diversity and prevalence of symbiotic relationships in nature?

    <p>High genetic diversity among organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do symbiotic relationships contribute to the stability and resilience of ecosystems in the face of environmental changes and disturbances?

    <p>Symbiotic relationships enhance resource sharing and cooperation between organisms, promoting ecosystem stability and resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease caused by micro-organisms can be managed through resistant plant varieties and fungicides?

    <p>Rusts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method for preventing the spread of Rabies?

    <p>Vaccination of animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease transmitted through contaminated water leads to severe dehydration due to diarrhea?

    <p>Cholera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary management strategy for Athlete's Foot?

    <p>Antifungal medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is almost always fatal once symptoms appear?

    <p>Rabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of preventing the spread of Influenza?

    <p>Vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is treated with antifungal medications and affects moist areas of the body like the mouth and genitals?

    <p>Athlete's Foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of severe dehydration due to diarrhea in Cholera patients?

    <p><em>Vibrio cholerae</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Anthrax' is a serious infectious disease caused by which bacterium?

    <p><em>Bacillus anthracis</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Malaria' prevention primarily focuses on what aspect related to the transmission of the disease?

    <p><em>Anopheles</em> mosquito control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit for leguminous plants in their symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Nitrogen fixation from the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of symbiotic relationships, what is a primary function of lichens for their environment?

    <p>Soil erosion prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the impact of parasitism in symbiotic relationships?

    <p>One organism benefits at the expense of the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of E.coli in the human gut beyond breaking down food residues?

    <p>Synthesizing vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do commensalistic relationships differ from mutualistic relationships primarily in terms of benefits received?

    <p>'Free ride' for one organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Rhizobium' bacteria residing in root nodules of legumes and fixing atmospheric nitrogen is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship?

    <p>Mutualism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary nutrient that mycorrhizal fungi help plants absorb more efficiently in their symbiotic relationship?

    <p>Phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lichens beneficial for ecosystem development beyond preventing soil erosion?

    <p>Enhancing air quality through oxygen release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes mutualistic relationships from commensalistic relationships in terms of benefits exchanged?

    <p>Reciprocal exchange of benefits benefiting both organisms equally</p> Signup and view all the answers

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