Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main reason for the replacement of the CH1903 reference system in Switzerland?
What is the main reason for the replacement of the CH1903 reference system in Switzerland?
- CH1903 does not use satellite measurements.
- CH1903 was in use for more than 100 years.
- CH1903 was based on outdated ellipsoid dimensions.
- LV95 provides a globally referenced system. (correct)
What is the fundamental point of the CH1903+ reference system?
What is the fundamental point of the CH1903+ reference system?
- Zurich Central Station
- Repère Pierre du Niton
- Old Observatory Bern
- Geostation Zimmerwald (correct)
Which ellipsoid dimensions does the CH1903+ reference system use?
Which ellipsoid dimensions does the CH1903+ reference system use?
- Bessel 1841 (correct)
- WGS84
- GRS80
- EGM96
Which projection system is utilized by the old CH1903 reference system?
Which projection system is utilized by the old CH1903 reference system?
What orthometric height is derived from the CH1903+ reference system for the 'Repère Pierre du Niton'?
What orthometric height is derived from the CH1903+ reference system for the 'Repère Pierre du Niton'?
When was the CHTRS95 system introduced as the reference system for Switzerland?
When was the CHTRS95 system introduced as the reference system for Switzerland?
Which method of measurement contributed to the definition of CH1903+?
Which method of measurement contributed to the definition of CH1903+?
What is the height of the 'Repère Pierre du Niton' used in the old reference system CH1903?
What is the height of the 'Repère Pierre du Niton' used in the old reference system CH1903?
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Study Notes
Swiss Reference Systems
- Switzerland has two officially recognized reference systems: CH1903+ (local) and CHTRS95 (global), established by the national survey LV95 in 2017.
- CH1903+ uses the same ellipsoid dimensions (Bessel 1841) as CH1903, and its fundamental point is "Geostation Zimmerwald."
- The CH1903+ orientation is directly derived from CHTRS95 through three translations.
- The map projection system (Swiss Grid) is identical to that of CH1903.
- The fundamental point "Geostation Zimmerwald" also serves as the starting point for the orthometric heights with H0 = 897.9063, making the height of "Repère Pierre du Niton" in the harbour of Geneva, near the orthometric height of 373.6 m.
CH1903: Reference System
- CH1903 was defined and introduced in 1903, based on the Bessel 1841 ellipsoid. It’s orientation and direction were fixed with the old fundamental point (Old Observatory Bern) and the Swiss conformal cylindrical projection (Swiss Grid).
- It utilizes the LN02 height system, where the "Repère Pierre du Niton" in Geneva's harbor serves as the starting horizon at a height of 373.6m.
CHTRS95: Swiss Terrestrial Reference System 1995
- CHTRS95 is globally referenced and identical to ETRS89 at 1.1.1993.
- It utilizes the GRS80 reference ellipsoid for its projection and uses the Universal Transverse Mercator Projection (UTM).
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