Cutaneous masses

<p>Abscesses/cellulitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urticaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involves the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacterial granulomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urticaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A non-painful and non-pitting accumulation of serum under the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Horses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An epithelial-lined cavity containing fluid or solid material</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reaction to infection/inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Needle only' with no suction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell types and diagnostic representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When tissue architecture is needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unrepresentative samples and inability to grade neoplasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential causes of non-infectious inflammatory masses in the skin include urticaria/angioedema, eosinophilic granuloma, insect bite granuloma, sterile panniculitis, hematoma, and seroma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential causes of infectious inflammatory masses in the skin include abscesses/cellulitis (post-trauma or foreign body/bite), furunculosis, bacterial granulomas (such as those caused by Mycobacteria, Actinobacillus, or Nocardia), and deep/subcutaneous or systemic fungal granuloma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urticaria is characterized by wheals with or without pruritus, while angioedema is characterized by large, edematous swelling usually involving the head.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main cause of cellulitis in pigs is interdigital staphylococcal furunculosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Furunculosis can be caused by Staphylococcus or Demodex infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angioedema involves degranulation of mast cells causing painless and pitted swelling upon pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gas in the subcutaneous tissue that is crepitant without pain or swelling can be caused by severe respiratory disease or lung puncture, introduction of air through a cutaneous wound, rumenotomy or rumen cannulization, or Clostridial infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A seroma is an accumulation of serum under the skin, while a hematoma is a loss of blood from damaged or ruptured blood vessels under the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In older animals, neoplastic skin masses are commonly caused by conditions such as melanomas in grey horses, lipomas, sebaceous adenomas, and mast cell tumors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some factors to consider include species (mast cell tumors are common in older dogs), breed/color (mast cell tumors are common in boxers), and age (neonates may have umbilical abscess, while older animals may have neoplasia).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>History of trauma/fight/surgery may indicate abscess, cellulitis, hematoma, or seroma. Recent injection may indicate abscess or panniculitis. Systemic signs such as respiratory signs, weight loss, lethargy may indicate systemic/metastatic neoplasia or systemic fungal infections. Depression and inappetance may be associated with microbial infections/abscess. Dermatological history, such as speed of onset of mass or prior history of neoplasia, may also be relevant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clinical signs that may indicate a mast cell tumor in a dog include paraneoplastic signs (e.g. hematemesis), respiratory signs, weight loss, lethargy, depression, and inappetance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During a dermatological examination of a skin mass, it is important to consider the presence of inflammation (sterile vs septic), the type of neoplasia (round cell vs epithelial vs spindle cell), and the characteristics of a cyst (contents produced by cyst's epithelial lining and presence of secondary inflammation if cyst ruptures).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some limitations of cytology in investigating skin masses include the fact that not all cell types are easily shed, making the sample unrepresentative or non-diagnostic. Cytology also does not provide information about tissue architecture, so subsequent histopathology may be required for grading a neoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytology of a skin mass involves techniques such as fine needle aspirate (needle only, continuous suction, or intermittent suction) and impression smear of the surface or sinus contents.</p> Signup and view all the answers