Sutherland and Colleagues' Cellular Signaling Pathway

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Which process involves the detection of a signaling molecule that binds to a receptor protein on the cell surface?

Activation of cellular response

Response

Reception (correct)

Transduction

What is the second step in cell signaling, as explained by Sutherland and colleagues?

Reception

Activation of cellular response

Response

Transduction (correct)

Which part of the cell signaling process involves the activation of cellular response?

Transduction

Response (correct)

Reception

Relay molecules

What happens in response to the transduced signal in the target cell?

Response Signup and view all the answers

What is altered by the binding of the signaling molecule in cell signaling?

Receptor protein Signup and view all the answers

Which step in cell signaling often occurs in a series of steps?

Transduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of signal amplification in signaling pathways?

To increase the number of activated products at each step Signup and view all the answers

How can the same signaling molecule have different effects in different cell types?

Different cell types have different collections of signaling proteins that can be activated Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of scaffolding proteins in signal transduction?

They enhance the overall efficiency of the response by bringing together the necessary components Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which signal transduction cascades amplify the cellular response?

Increasing the number of activated products at each step in the cascade Signup and view all the answers

How do branching signaling pathways and cross-talk between pathways help the cell coordinate its response to incoming signals?

They enable the cell to integrate multiple signals and mount an appropriate, coordinated response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of protein phosphorylation in signal transduction pathways?

To activate signaling molecules and propagate the signal Signup and view all the answers

What initiates a series of steps called a signal transduction pathway?

Binding of a mating factor at the cell surface Signup and view all the answers

In cellular communication, what is the role of the receptor?

Respond to external signals Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells locate each other using secreted factors specific to each type in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae?

Cells with different mating types Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature shared between the molecular details of signal transduction in yeasts and mammals?

Similar signal transduction cascades Signup and view all the answers

In cellular signaling, what is mainly responsible for converting external signals to responses within the cell?

Protein kinases Signup and view all the answers

What defines the process of interpreting signals received from other cells and the environment?

Cell-signaling mechanisms Signup and view all the answers