Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 1 - No Poverty

• The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, provides a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future
• At the heart of the Agenda are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are an urgent call for action by all countries - developed and developing - in a global partnership
• They recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand-in-hand with strategies that improve health and education, reduce inequality, and spur economic growth – all while tackling climate change and working to preserve our oceans and forests

SDG 1: No Poverty

• Aims to end poverty in all its forms everywhere
• Includes targets for eradicating extreme poverty (people living on less than $1.25 a day)
• Focuses on implementing social protection systems and ensuring equal rights to economic resources, access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance

SDG 2: Zero Hunger

• Seeks to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
• Includes targets for ending all forms of malnutrition
• Focuses on increasing investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries, in particular least developed countries

SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being

• Focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages
• Addresses major health priorities, such as reducing maternal mortality, ending preventable deaths of newborns and children, combating HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other communicable diseases, reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases, and promoting mental health and well-being
• Includes targets for achieving universal health coverage

SDG 4: Quality Education

• Aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
• Includes targets for ensuring that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education
• Focuses on increasing the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing States

SDG 5: Gender Equality

• Seeks to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
• Includes targets for ending all forms of discrimination against women and girls
• Focuses on ensuring women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life

SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation

• Focuses on ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
• Includes targets for achieving universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water and sanitation
• Focuses on supporting and strengthening the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management

SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy

• Aims to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
• Includes targets for increasing substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
• Focuses on enhancing international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology

SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth

• Seeks to promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
• Includes targets for achieving full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for equal work
• Focuses on protecting labour rights and promoting safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment

SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

• Aims to build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
• Includes targets for upgrading infrastructure and retrofitting industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes
• Focuses on enhancing scientific research, upgrading the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and increasing public and private research and development spending

SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities

• Focuses on reducing inequality within and among countries
• Includes targets for progressively achieving and sustaining income growth of the bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the national average
• Focuses on ensuring equal opportunity and reducing inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices and promoting appropriate legislation, policies and action in this regard

SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

• Aims to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
• Includes targets for ensuring access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums
• Focuses on supporting positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning

SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

• Seeks to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
• Includes targets for substantially reducing waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
• Focuses on supporting developing countries to strengthen their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production

SDG 13: Climate Action

• Focuses on taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
• Acknowledges that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate change
• Includes targets for strengthening resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries

SDG 14: Life Below Water

• Aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
• Includes targets for preventing and significantly reducing marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
• Focuses on increasing scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries

SDG 15: Life on Land

• Focuses on protecting, restoring and promoting sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
• Includes targets for ensuring the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
• Focuses on taking urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products

SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions

• Aims to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
• Includes targets for significantly reducing all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere
• Focuses on promoting the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all

SDG 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal

• Focuses on strengthening the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
• Includes targets for strengthening domestic resource mobilization, including through international support to developing countries, to improve domestic capacity for tax and other revenue collection
• Focuses on promoting environmentally sound technologies to developing countries

Environmental Determinants of Health

• These encompass all the physical, chemical, and biological factors external to a person, and all related behaviors
• They include assessments and control of those environmental factors that can potentially affect health
• They are crucial for understanding and addressing the root causes of many diseases and health inequities

Air Quality

• Poor air quality, both indoor and outdoor, is a major environmental risk to health
• Exposure to air pollutants can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and cancer
• Sources of air pollution include vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and household combustion devices

Water Resources

• Access to safe and clean water is essential for health
• Water scarcity and contamination can lead to waterborne diseases, malnutrition, and dehydration
• Climate change, pollution, and overuse of water resources threaten water security

Sanitation and Hygiene

• Inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene practices contribute to the spread of infectious diseases
• Lack of access to toilets and handwashing facilities can lead to diarrheal diseases, respiratory infections, and skin infections
• Proper sanitation systems and hygiene education are crucial for preventing these diseases

Housing

• Poor housing conditions can negatively impact physical and mental health
• Overcrowding, inadequate ventilation, and exposure to hazardous materials can increase the risk of respiratory infections, injuries, and mental health problems
• Access to safe, affordable, and healthy housing is a fundamental determinant of health

Food Safety

• Contaminated food can cause foodborne illnesses, such as salmonellosis and E. coli infections
• Factors that affect food safety include agricultural practices, food processing, storage, and handling
• Strengthening food safety regulations and promoting safe food handling practices are essential for protecting public health

Waste Management

• Improper waste management can lead to environmental pollution and health risks
• Uncollected waste can attract pests, contaminate water sources, and spread disease
• Implementing effective waste management systems, including waste reduction, recycling, and safe disposal, is crucial for protecting the environment and public health

Climate Change

• Climate change poses a significant threat to human health
• Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and sea-level rise can lead to heatstroke, injuries, displacement, and food insecurity
• Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change are essential for protecting human health

Chemical and Radiation Exposure

• Exposure to hazardous chemicals and radiation can cause a range of health problems, including cancer, birth defects, and neurological disorders
• Sources of chemical exposure include industrial activities, pesticides, and household products
• Strengthening regulations and promoting safe handling practices can reduce the risk of chemical and radiation exposure

Natural and Built Environments

• The natural and built environments can impact physical activity, social interaction, and mental health
• Access to parks, green spaces, and walkable neighborhoods can promote physical activity and social interaction
• Creating healthy and sustainable environments is crucial for promoting well-being