Sustainable Development Goals 11, 12, and 13

• These are study notes about Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11, 12, and 13.

SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

• Goal focuses on making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.
• By 2030, ensure universal access to adequate housing, basic services, and slum upgrades.
• By 2030, provide safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, with improvements to road safety via expanded public transport.
• Special attention should be given to vulnerable populations, including women, children, persons with disabilities, and older persons.
• Efforts should be enhanced toward inclusive and sustainable urbanization, as well as capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries by 2030.
• There is a need to strengthen efforts aimed at protecting and safeguarding the world's cultural and natural heritage.
• By 2030, significantly reduce deaths and the number of people affected by disasters.
• By 2030, substantially decrease the direct economic losses from disasters relative to global GDP, with an emphasis on protecting the poor and vulnerable.
• Need to reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities by 2030, focusing on air quality and waste management.
• There is a requirement to provide universal access to safe, inclusive, accessible green and public spaces by 2030, particularly for women, children, older persons, and persons with disabilities.
• Support positive links between urban, peri-urban, and rural areas by strengthening development planning at national and regional levels.
• By 2020, increase the number of cities and settlements adopting and implementing policies for inclusion, resource efficiency, climate change mitigation/adaptation, and resilience to disasters.
• It includes the development and implementation of disaster risk management in line with the Sendai Framework (2015-2030).
• Support least developed countries through financial and technical assistance in building sustainable and resilient buildings using local materials.

SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

• Aims to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.
• All countries are required to implement the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns, with developed countries taking the lead, while considering developing countries' capabilities.
• Achieve sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources by 2030.
• By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses.
• Achieve environmentally sound management of chemicals and wastes throughout their life cycle by 2020, per international agreements; reduce their release to air, water, and soil.
• By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse.
• Companies, especially large and transnational ones, are encouraged to adopt sustainable practices and integrate sustainability information into their reporting.
• Promote sustainable public procurement practices in accordance with national policies and priorities.
• By 2030, ensure people everywhere have relevant information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with nature.
• There is a need support developing countries in strengthening their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable consumption.
• Efforts should be developed and implemented to monitor sustainable development impacts for tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.
• Need to rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions.

SDG 13: Climate Action

• Focuses on taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.
• Needed to strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries.
• Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies, and planning.
• Must improve education, awareness-raising, and human/institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction, and early warning systems.
• Developed countries agreed to mobilize $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address developing countries' needs in the context of mitigation and transparency.
• Need to fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through capitalization as soon as possible.
• Required to promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States.
• It includes a focus on women, youth, and local and marginalized communities.