Survey of Treaties and Dictatorships (1919-1946)
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Questions and Answers

What specific ideology did the left-wing regime in Russia seek to implement?

  • Socialism
  • Anarchism
  • Fascism
  • Marxism (correct)

    • Which structure did Stalin's regime employ to maintain total control over society?

  • The Red Army
  • The Secret Police
  • The NKVD (correct)
  • The KGB

    • What was the purpose of show trials under Stalin's regime?

  • To celebrate Soviet achievements
  • To promote artistic expression
  • To secure international recognition
  • To instill fear among citizens (correct)

    • What was the focus of the Five Year Plans implemented in Stalin's regime?

    <p>Emphasising collectivisation and industrialisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What artistic framework were writers and artists required to adhere to during the Stalinist regime?

    <p>Social Realism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the economic condition of Russia compared to Western Europe around the time of WW1?

    <p>Socially and economically backwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did purges play in Stalin's regime?

    <p>To remove possible sources of opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Stalin present himself in relation to Lenin after rising to power?

    <p>As Lenin’s chosen successor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event is identified as a trigger for Mussolini's rise to power?

    <p>The introduction of universal male suffrage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant impact did the Paris Peace Conference have on Japan?

    <p>It allowed Japan to gain control of German concessions in China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor significantly worsened Japan's economic situation after World War I?

    <p>Raising tariffs by Western powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Japan's population growth in the early 20th century affect its economy?

    <p>It led to significant unemployment due to lack of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What incident in September 1931 signaled Japan's intentions of expansion?

    <p>The concoction of an explosion on the railway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a defining characteristic of the dictatorship in Japan during this time?

    <p>Civilian government operating while the military held true power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable challenge faced by Japan’s military after the invasion of Manchuria?

    <p>Unity among the different factions within the military</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which social issue was aggravated in Japan due to its economic stagnation?

    <p>Food shortages began to affect urban areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major ideological movement in Japan during this period was characterized by expansion and militarism?

    <p>Imperialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following effects of nationalism contributed to a sense of superiority among the nations mentioned?

    <p>Belief in racial superiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Adolf Hitler utilize the Great Depression to his advantage?

    <p>By promising to restore the middle-class standard of living through nationalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the Great Depression in Italy under Mussolini?

    <p>Major infrastructure projects to increase employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept did dictators use to justify racism as seen during this period?

    <p>Scapegoating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country was heavily impacted by the Great Depression due to its reliance on silk trade?

    <p>Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ideology was NOT associated with extreme nationalism during this era?

    <p>Socialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main reasons dictators gained support in the post-war years?

    <p>Promises of economic liberation and national pride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the Treaty of Trianon for Hungary?

    <p>Hungary reduced its standing army to 35,000.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the economic impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany?

    <p>Germany was required to pay 6.6 billion pounds in reparations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following territories did Austria lose according to the Treaty of Saint-Germain?

    <p>Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Italy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What myth did Hitler propagate to blame certain groups for Germany's defeat in World War I?

    <p>The stab in the back myth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which military limitations were imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?

    <p>A standing army limited to 100,000 soldiers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was established in 1920 as part of the post-World War I peace efforts?

    <p>The League of Nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which consequence did not directly result from the Treaty of Versailles?

    <p>Germany's right to unite with Austria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant loss did Russia suffer as a result of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

    <p>Loss of 62 million people and one third of agricultural land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a result of Italy feeling shortchanged after World War I?

    <p>Rise of fascism under Mussolini.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles signify?

    <p>Germany was solely responsible for the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key consequences of Mussolini's rise to power in Italy?

    <p>Establishment of a strong personality cult.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event demonstrated the rise of Mussolini's Fascist Party in Italy?

    <p>The March on Rome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the economic situation in Italy after World War I contribute to the rise of Fascism?

    <p>The cost of living rose dramatically and unemployment soared.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the primary ideological stances of Mussolini's Fascism?

    <p>Strong nationalism paired with anti-communism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groups did Mussolini's regime specifically target for youth indoctrination?

    <p>Young boys and girls through 'Avanguardia' and 'Giovani Italiane'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific dissatisfaction did Italy face after World War I, leading to future political turmoil?

    <p>Discontent with the Paris Peace Settlement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of Mussolini's regime was notably less severe compared to other European dictatorships?

    <p>The brutality of the dictatorship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the state of Italian society in the aftermath of WWI?

    <p>Chaotic with widespread unemployment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main factions led by Hideki Tojo in Japan?

    <p>The Control Faction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Treaty of Versailles impact the Weimar Republic?

    <p>It caused economic and social problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major event occurred in 1922 that impacted Germany's ability to pay reparations?

    <p>The announcement of inability to pay reparations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one consequence of the Ruhr crisis in Germany?

    <p>Exploitation by the Nazi party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary role of Hideki Tojo after becoming Prime Minister in 1941?

    <p>Consolidating military and political power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused hyperinflation in Germany during the Weimar Republic?

    <p>Government response of printing more money</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy did the Nazis use to gain popularity during the decline of the Weimar Republic?

    <p>Highlighting nationalism and strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these changes did Tojo implement as a leader?

    <p>Promoted personal loyalty among supporters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Survey Period (1919-1946): Brief Notes

    • Treaty of Trianon (1920): Hungary lost territory to Romania and Yugoslavia; military reduced to 35,000.
    • Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919): Austria lost territory to Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Italy; military reduced to 35,000.
    • Treaty of Versailles (1919): Germany's military was significantly restricted; army reduced to 100,000, no tanks or air force, naval restrictions, and reparations of 6.6 billion pounds.
    • Economic Impact: Reparations crippled German economy; responsibility for the war placed solely on Germany. Loss of colonies & territories, destabilizing conditions.
    • War Criminals: Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles listed Germans responsible for starting the war, including Kaiser Wilhelm II; leaders labelled criminals.
    • League of Nations: Established in 1920; not attempted as a member in the initial stages.

    Focus of Study: Rise of Dictatorships

    • World War I and Treaty of Versailles: Created extreme economic, political, and social hardship in many nations; particularly Germany; reparations & 'stab-in-the-back' myths affected groups heavily. Russia lost large populations in war and treaties.
    • Russia: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk resulted in immense territorial and population loss; severe economic hardship following war.
    • Italy: Extreme economic and social hardship following war; dissatisfaction with the Treaty; rise of Mussolini’s Fascism. Large population losses during war.
    • Japan: Less severely affected by the war initially, but still experienced losses; expansionist goals emerged as industrial power gained. Population pressures & poor economic conditions contributed.

    Features of Dictatorships:

    • Russia: Communism as an ideology; cult of personality based on Lenin, then Stalin’s authority. Total control through propaganda, and terror.
    • Italy: Fascism sought a strong national identity; centralized power; propaganda and suppression of opposition. Authoritarian government with limited individual freedoms.
    • Japan: Military control of the regime; the civilian government's role minimized; increased militarism and aggression. Use of propaganda to gain support and maintain rule.

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    Power and Authority in the Modern World (1919-1946) PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the key treaties following World War I, including Trianon, Saint-Germain, and Versailles, and their impact on European nations. It explores the economic effects and the emergence of dictatorships in the interwar period. Test your knowledge of this crucial time in history and the geopolitical shifts that led to the rise of authoritarian regimes.

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