Surveillance Capitalism Overview
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Questions and Answers

What does surveillance capitalism primarily commodify?

  • Advertising space
  • Personal data (correct)
  • Physical products
  • User attention
  • Who coined the term 'surveillance capitalism'?

  • Shoshana Zuboff (correct)
  • Tim Berners-Lee
  • Mark Zuckerberg
  • Donell Holloway
  • What role do companies like Google and Facebook play in surveillance capitalism?

  • They only sell advertising space.
  • They provide paid services to users.
  • They capture personal data through mass surveillance. (correct)
  • They limit data collection to paid subscribers.
  • What does the term 'Big Other' refer to in the context of surveillance capitalism?

    <p>A new expression of power through data mediation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the economy changed from the late 20th century to the present in relation to surveillance capitalism?

    <p>It has shifted from mass production to knowledge-based reliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary data source for surveillance capitalism?

    <p>Collective social media activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does surveillance capitalism often operate?

    <p>Through mass surveillance without full user understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might users receive targeted advertisements after purchasing items online?

    <p>Users' activities are tracked through online behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company was recently valued at approximately US$822 billion?

    <p>Alphabet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is common in wearables that helps with health monitoring?

    <p>Accelerometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many searches does Google process on average per second?

    <p>40,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common requirement from some US health insurance providers regarding data feeds?

    <p>Data from wearable devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is increasingly associated with surveillance capitalism and has educational benefits for children?

    <p>Connected toys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of data collection by companies like Google and Facebook?

    <p>To target users with personalized advertising</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do third-party data brokers play in the data economy?

    <p>They collate and sell data obtained from various sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following devices can collect and commodify data in our growing sensor-based society?

    <p>Connected toys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one concern related to connected toys mentioned in the context of data privacy?

    <p>Data breaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable incident highlighted the practices of data collection and selling by Cambridge Analytica?

    <p>Their violation of election laws in the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of surveillance capitalism does Zuboff suggest will become more pervasive in society?

    <p>Sensor-based monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the profile created about individuals who have not signed up for social media platforms but have data collected through interactions?

    <p>Shadow profile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which companies are identified as the main actors in surveillance capitalism?

    <p>Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did HealthEngine notably do with clients’ personal information?

    <p>Provided it to lawyers focusing on workplace injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do companies like Google package user data to create new markets?

    <p>Through data extraction procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major issue arose as a result of the practices by Cambridge Analytica?

    <p>Concerns over the legality of data practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Surveillance Capitalism Overview

    • Surveillance capitalism refers to a market-driven process where personal data is the primary commodity, captured through extensive internet surveillance.
    • Companies providing free online services, like Google and Facebook, collect and analyze user behaviors (likes, searches, purchases) for commercial use, often without users' awareness.
    • The term was coined by Shoshana Zuboff in 2014, highlighting the unchecked power of "Big Other" in data accumulation.

    Economic Shift

    • The late 20th century marked a transition from mass production to a knowledge-based economy, with surveillance capitalism emerging as a digital business model reliant on "big data."
    • Data collected from individuals is often used to target them with ads or influence decisions (e.g., political campaigns, health-related choices).

    Role of Third Parties

    • Third-party data brokers compile, sell, and resell data obtained from various sources, creating extensive profiles of individuals or demographics.
    • Smaller companies have also been implicated in data misuse, as exemplified by HealthEngine sharing user data with lawyers.

    Cambridge Analytica Incident

    • The Cambridge Analytica scandal exposed the depths of internet surveillance and data exploitation, as the firm collected data under the guise of academic research, potentially violating election laws.
    • Despite these revelations, major companies like Facebook and Google continue their data collection practices unimpeded.

    Major Players in Surveillance Capitalism

    • Key entities in surveillance capitalism include Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Apple, which together control vast amounts of behavioral data, leading to significant business growth.
    • Google processes an average of 40,000 searches per second and has a market capitalization of approximately $822 billion.

    Expanding Data Sources

    • The rise of a sensor-based society introduces new data collection methods through wearables, smart devices, drones, and connected toys.
    • Devices such as smartwatches not only track health metrics but also provide valuable data to health insurance providers, sometimes as a requirement for coverage.
    • Connected toys present educational benefits but raise significant concerns regarding data security and privacy, particularly for children.

    Future Implications

    • Zuboff argues that the integration of surveillance capitalism into daily life will deepen as sensor technologies become more pervasive, fundamentally altering social norms and privacy expectations.

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    Description

    Explore the concept of surveillance capitalism, a phenomenon where personal data becomes a key commodity driven by market processes. Learn about its roots in the late 20th century economic shift, the role of major tech companies, and the impact of third-party data brokers on privacy and consumer behavior.

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