Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) is attributed to surgical site infections (SSIs)?
What percentage of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) is attributed to surgical site infections (SSIs)?
- 35-40%
- 50%
- 20% (correct)
- 5-10%
How many days can SSIs potentially increase the length of a hospital stay?
How many days can SSIs potentially increase the length of a hospital stay?
- 11-14 days
- 7-10 days (correct)
- 1-3 days
- 4-6 days
The presence of an SSI can elevate readmission rates by how many times?
The presence of an SSI can elevate readmission rates by how many times?
- Sevenfold
- Threefold
- Fivefold (correct)
- Twofold
What is the range of mortality rate increase associated with SSIs?
What is the range of mortality rate increase associated with SSIs?
What is the potential cost associated with a surgical site infection (SSI) per admission?
What is the potential cost associated with a surgical site infection (SSI) per admission?
Approximately what percentage of SSIs are considered preventable?
Approximately what percentage of SSIs are considered preventable?
How many days after a surgery does an infection have to occur to be defined as an SSI if no implant is involved?
How many days after a surgery does an infection have to occur to be defined as an SSI if no implant is involved?
If an implant is involved in a surgery, within how many days postoperatively must an infection occur to be defined as an SSI?
If an implant is involved in a surgery, within how many days postoperatively must an infection occur to be defined as an SSI?
Which of the following is NOT a type of involvement for an SSI?
Which of the following is NOT a type of involvement for an SSI?
Which factor listed below is least associated with the pathogenesis of SSIs?
Which factor listed below is least associated with the pathogenesis of SSIs?
Which of the following is classified as a possible source of endogenous contamination in SSI pathogenesis?
Which of the following is classified as a possible source of endogenous contamination in SSI pathogenesis?
What is an example of exogenous contamination contributing to SSI pathogenesis?
What is an example of exogenous contamination contributing to SSI pathogenesis?
Which of these symptoms is LEAST likely to be associated with a surgical site infection?
Which of these symptoms is LEAST likely to be associated with a surgical site infection?
Who is typically responsible for diagnosing a surgical site infection (SSI)?
Who is typically responsible for diagnosing a surgical site infection (SSI)?
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a leading endogenous risk factor for surgical site infections?
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a leading endogenous risk factor for surgical site infections?
For most institutions, what is the target range for pre-operative blood glucose levels to minimize SSI risk?
For most institutions, what is the target range for pre-operative blood glucose levels to minimize SSI risk?
Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to influence the risk of developing a surgical site infection?
Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to influence the risk of developing a surgical site infection?
Why is good perioperative glycemic control important in preventing surgical site infections?
Why is good perioperative glycemic control important in preventing surgical site infections?
Which measure is MOST likely to decrease exogenous contamination risks during surgery?
Which measure is MOST likely to decrease exogenous contamination risks during surgery?
An increase in hospital readmission rates due to SSIs could most directly lead to which of the following consequences for a hospital?
An increase in hospital readmission rates due to SSIs could most directly lead to which of the following consequences for a hospital?
Which of the following scenarios would be classified as a deep soft tissue incisional SSI?
Which of the following scenarios would be classified as a deep soft tissue incisional SSI?
The presence of purulent drainage from a surgical wound is a sign indicating which of the following?
The presence of purulent drainage from a surgical wound is a sign indicating which of the following?
What is the MOST effective strategy fora hospital to adopt in order to decrease surgical site infection rates?
What is the MOST effective strategy fora hospital to adopt in order to decrease surgical site infection rates?
How can the problem of increased length of hospital stay due to SSIs MOST negatively impact hospital operations?
How can the problem of increased length of hospital stay due to SSIs MOST negatively impact hospital operations?
What is a primary reason SSI rates may continue to rise despite improvements in operating room procedures?
What is a primary reason SSI rates may continue to rise despite improvements in operating room procedures?
Which situation presents the GREATEST risk of endogenous contamination leading to a surgical site infection?
Which situation presents the GREATEST risk of endogenous contamination leading to a surgical site infection?
Before surgery, a patient reports a minor skin infection on the intended surgical site. What is the MOST appropriate course of action?
Before surgery, a patient reports a minor skin infection on the intended surgical site. What is the MOST appropriate course of action?
A hospital is reviewing its surgical site infection rates and notices a higher-than-average incidence following orthopedic procedures involving implants. What is the FIRST area the infection control team should investigate?
A hospital is reviewing its surgical site infection rates and notices a higher-than-average incidence following orthopedic procedures involving implants. What is the FIRST area the infection control team should investigate?
How would a hospital best determine if its current SSI prevention strategies are effective and up-to-date?
How would a hospital best determine if its current SSI prevention strategies are effective and up-to-date?
A surgeon is concerned about potentially increasing the risk of SSI in an obese patient. Which of the following steps would be MOST beneficial in addressing this concern?
A surgeon is concerned about potentially increasing the risk of SSI in an obese patient. Which of the following steps would be MOST beneficial in addressing this concern?
Flashcards
Surgical Site Infection (SSI)
Surgical Site Infection (SSI)
Infections occurring within 30 days postoperatively or within 90 days if an implant is involved.
SSI Pathogenesis
SSI Pathogenesis
Involve intraoperative contamination, foreign bodies, adhesive matrices, endotoxins, and both endogenous and exogenous risks.
Endogenous Contamination (SSI)
Endogenous Contamination (SSI)
Patient's own flora or open wounds.
Exogenous Contamination (SSI)
Exogenous Contamination (SSI)
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SSI Signs and Symptoms
SSI Signs and Symptoms
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Endogenous SSI Risk Factors
Endogenous SSI Risk Factors
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Study Notes
Surgical Site Infections (SSI)
- SSIs have a prevalence of 2-4% and account for about 20% of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).
- SSIs can increase hospital stays by 7-10 days.
- SSIs can increase readmission rates fivefold.
- SSIs can elevate mortality rates by 2-11 times.
- The cost associated with an SSI can exceed $20,000 per admission.
- Approximately 60% of SSIs are considered preventable.
- SSI rates have been increasing despite improvements in operating room procedures.
Definition of SSI
- An SSI is defined as an infection occurring within 30 days postoperatively.
- If an implant is involved, an SSI is defined as an infection occurring within 90 days.
- Involvement includes superficial incisional (at the skin).
- Involvement includes deep soft tissue incisional.
- Involvement includes organ/space that was opened or manipulated during surgery.
Pathogenesis
- SSI pathogenesis is multifactorial.
- Intraoperative contamination is a factor in SSI pathogenesis.
- Foreign bodies are factors in SSI pathogenesis.
- Adhesive matrices are factors in SSI pathogenesis.
- Endotoxins are factors in SSI pathogenesis.
- Both endogenous and exogenous risks are factors in SSI pathogenesis.
- Endogenous contamination can arise from open wounds.
- Endogenous contamination can arise from the patient's own flora in hair follicles and glands.
- Exogenous contamination stems from environmental risks.
- An example of exogenous contamination of colonized hands of healthcare personnel touching a surgical wound.
Signs and Symptoms
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include purulent drainage.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include pain.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include localized swelling.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include erythema.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include heat.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include abscess.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include fever.
- Signs and symptoms of an SSI include isolation of organisms.
- Diagnosis is made by the surgeon.
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